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Occasion: What were the circumstances surrounding this document?  What prompted the author to write this piece?  What event led to its publication or development?  Give some background/context as to what was going on in that particular region at the time the document was drafted.

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Occasion: What were the circumstances surrounding this document?  What prompted the author to write this piece?  What event led to its publication or development?  Give some background/context as to what was going on in that particular region at the time the document was drafted.

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The circumstances surrounding the origin of this document are that of conflict, and discontent with the British government. Thomas Jefferson wrote this piece to not only declare independence from England, but also to garner international support, to either support America financially by buying American goods, or militarily. While there was no singular event that led to the creation of this document, one of the biggest reasons for it being made, is King George III denying a seat in parliament for someone to represent the American colonies. In the American colonies, the colonists were being taxed by England. This was primarily an issue because they were denied having a voice in the British government. Many colonists were also required to quarter British soldier in their homes against their will.

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Speaker: Who was the speaker(s)/author(s)?  What assumptions can you make about this person?  Describe them to the best of your ability.

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Speaker: Who was the speaker(s)/author(s)?  What assumptions can you make about this person?  Describe them to the best of your ability.

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The speaker(s)/author(s) of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen are the members of the peasant class or Third Estate of France. The members were indignant and heavily angered at the fact that despite being the largest level they had the least say and their wishes were always ignored.

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Speaker: Who was the speaker(s)/author(s)?  What assumptions can you make about this person?  Describe them to the best of your ability.

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Speaker: Who was the speaker(s)/author(s)?  What assumptions can you make about this person?  Describe them to the best of your ability.

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Simón Bolivar led a revolution against the Spanish, and liberated a large part of South America from Spanish control. He was born in Venezuela, to Spanish parents. He didn't like the way that the Spanish government was treating the indigenous Venezuelans, with them being forced to work in the mines under terrible conditions.

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Subject:  What is the subject of the piece?  How do you know this?  How has the subject been selected and presented by the author? 

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Subject:  What is the subject of the piece?  How do you know this?  How has the subject been selected and presented by the author? 

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The subject of the document is the new rights listed that the National Assembly is demanding. The laws vary between increased freedoms, government reform, principles of society, etc. I know this because as stated in the introduction of the article, the French people believe their rights have been neglected due to a corrupt government. The rights are listed to appease the tension and abuse of the general public. It's formatted in a straightforward manner starting with their reasoning for the document and ending with the new articles listed below.

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Audience: Who was the intended audience?  Does the speaker identify an audience?  Are there any assumptions you can make about the audience?

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Audience: Who was the intended audience?  Does the speaker identify an audience?  Are there any assumptions you can make about the audience?

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The audience is the French people and leaders who are in charge of governing France. In the introductory paragraph it mentions that the rights are "constantly before all the members of the Social body", meaning that the document is intended for the rulers of France as rights they must protect. We can assume that the audience is aiming for a restructure of the French society by including rights meant to give equality and empowerment to all.

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Purpose:  What is the speaker’s purpose?  In what ways does he/she convey this message?  What is the emotional state of the speaker?  How is the speaker trying to spark a reaction in the audience?  What words or phrases show the speaker’s tone? 

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Purpose:  What is the speaker’s purpose?  In what ways does he/she convey this message?  What is the emotional state of the speaker?  How is the speaker trying to spark a reaction in the audience?  What words or phrases show the speaker’s tone? 

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The speaker's purpose in this document is to write a stern declaration of rights as a national assembly, representing the citizens of France, that is to serve as a reminder to all who influence the government/social activity of France that their job is to protect the citizens' rights. This message is conveyed through strong statements that present opinion, such as "...believing that the ignorance, neglect, or contempt of the rights of man are the sole cause of public calamities and of the corruption of governments." The introductory paragraph before the articles also states that each of the rights provided is incontestable. The speaker's emotional state is read as forthright and stern, not presented as too emotional but it provides a sense of passion for the topic at hand. The speaker demands respect and doesn't seem to be open to very much change from the declarations they made. They aren't trying to spark an emotional reaction, they are just showing that they deserve respect as an organized body representing the French citizens. The phrase previously quoted demonstrates the strong beliefs that the Citizens have, and other phrases such as "remind them continually of their rights and duties; in order that the acts of legislative power, as well as those of the executive power... and may thus be more respected." This presents the speaker's belief that the actions of the governmental powers of France must respect and account for the grievances of the citizens.

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Speaker: Who was the speaker(s)/author(s)?  What assumptions can you make about this person?  Describe them to the best of your ability.

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Speaker: Who was the speaker(s)/author(s)?  What assumptions can you make about this person?  Describe them to the best of your ability.

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The speakers/authors of the Declaration of Independence were Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams. It was then signed by the congress of representatives from all 13 colonies. Some assumptions we can make on the Congress, was that they all believed that they needed to gain independence from Britain. They were angry about the taxes without representation. They were all wealthier/ well educated members in the American colonies society.

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Audience: Who was the intended audience?  Does the speaker identify an audience?  Are there any assumptions you can make about the audience?

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Audience: Who was the intended audience?  Does the speaker identify an audience?  Are there any assumptions you can make about the audience?

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The Audience for the Declaration of Independence was the world. The colonist were letting GB and the world know of their separation and start of a new country.

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Occasion: What were the circumstances surrounding this document?  What prompted the author to write this piece?  What event led to its publication or development?  Give some background/context as to what was going on in that particular region at the time the document was drafted.

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Occasion: What were the circumstances surrounding this document?  What prompted the author to write this piece?  What event led to its publication or development?  Give some background/context as to what was going on in that particular region at the time the document was drafted.

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During this time, many South American countries were rebelling against the Spanish. The author is writing to speak about the different Latin American revolutions and further justify them, saying that they have been harassed by the Spanish.

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Audience: Who was the intended audience?  Does the speaker identify an audience?  Are there any assumptions you can make about the audience?

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Audience: Who was the intended audience?  Does the speaker identify an audience?  Are there any assumptions you can make about the audience?

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The audience for this letter is not directly identified but addressed as "Sir". Based on the negative attitude towards Spain and the thanks given to the reader at the beginning of the text, it can be assumed that the recipient of this letter is in support of the freedom of the Americas, specifically South America.

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Purpose:  What is the speaker’s purpose?  In what ways does he/she convey this message?  What is the emotional state of the speaker?  How is the speaker trying to spark a reaction in the audience?  What words or phrases show the speaker’s tone? 

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Purpose:  What is the speaker’s purpose?  In what ways does he/she convey this message?  What is the emotional state of the speaker?  How is the speaker trying to spark a reaction in the audience?  What words or phrases show the speaker’s tone? 

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Simon Bolivar's purpose was to list reasons they feel they need to revolt, to list what they will do when they win and to explain how they feel. He conveys this message by listing reasons for revolt in the third paragraph. We see that Simon is enraged and motivated while writing this letter, we can see his anger when he writes "Is it not an outrage and a violation of human rights to expect a land so splendidly
endowed, so vast, rich, and populous, to remain merely passive?", And his motivation in the quote "I desire to see America fashioned into the greatest nation in the world".

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Tone: What is the author’s tone?  How is the author perceived by the audience?  What is the author’s mood?  What is the author’s point of view?

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Tone: What is the author’s tone?  How is the author perceived by the audience?  What is the author’s mood?  What is the author’s point of view?

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The author's tone in this passage is accusatory, serious, and confident. The authors give off accusatory when they list their reasons for the bad things Britain has done to the colonies. They give off seriousness when stating what has been happening and what is being declared. They give off confidence as they demand the British instead of asking that they be separated. Their audience is many people (the King, colonists, and the world). The audience perceives the author as the king and colonists because they see the effects and issues caused by Britain (the King) on the colonists and want to react. The author's mood in the text is angry. As the king of Britain violated freedom for the colonies as well as making horrible decisions, the colonists were fed up. They were so angry at what the king had done to them that they wanted to not be associated with him ever. The author's point of view are people came together from all over the 13 colonies to discuss their plans to separate from Great Britain and become free.

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Subject:  What is the subject of the piece?  How do you know this?  How has the subject been selected and presented by the author? 

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Subject:  What is the subject of the piece?  How do you know this?  How has the subject been selected and presented by the author? 

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The author, Simon Bolivar, showed a lot of spiteful hatred towards Spain. The subject of this letter was to express his desire to help the Americas become a free, uncontrolled state. He wanted the Americas to be free, he did not like the fact that the Spanish expected the Americas to be passive. He mentions that the people of the Americas also had galling restrictions on what they could, and couldn't do, such as being unable to grow European crops. He stated that nothing could "satisfy the greed of Spain". He states that they have been harassed by a code of conduct, which had not only removed them of their rights but also kept them in some kind of infancy with regards to public affairs. He wants the Americas to break out of control, have their own government, without any outside factors. Stating in the end, "Then we will march majestically toward that great prosperity for which South America is destined".

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Tone: What is the author’s tone?  How is the author perceived by the audience?  What is the author’s mood?  What is the author’s point of view?

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Tone: What is the author’s tone?  How is the author perceived by the audience?  What is the author’s mood?  What is the author’s point of view?

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In Simón Bolívar's Jamacia Letter, he uses a spiteful and apprehensive tone towards Spain, as well as one of gratitude to the Sir and the people of the Americas stated at the beginning of the letter. His audience, mainly educated people in the Americas perceive him as a revolutionary and the tones used by Bolívar help inspire a greater revolution in the Americas. The mood of the letter is inspirational and revolutionary, mentioning many enlightenment authors and ideas from the era. Bolívar, as a wealthy Venezuelan Creole, had a point of view similar to the wealthy in the United States, having a large status without ties to Spain and was one who could see the poor treatment in his home and wanted to fix it, which led him to revolution and creating the letter.

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Miscellaneous:  What Enlightenment principles are reflected in this document?

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Miscellaneous:  What Enlightenment principles are reflected in this document?

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Some Enlightenment principles reflected in this document are natural rights, the idea that it is the governments job to protect a persons life, liberty, and property, and that is a person's duty to overthrow a government not doing its job. Which can be seen in how the Declaration of Independence references a person's natural rights and the job of the government in the beginning. It also shows the enlightenment idea of John Locke that it is one's duty to overthrow a corrupt government by the document listing grievances with the British Government and declaring they are free of British Rule.

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Miscellaneous:  What Enlightenment principles are reflected in this document?

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Miscellaneous:  What Enlightenment principles are reflected in this document?

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In the Simone Bolivar Jamaica Letter the following is written. "How different is our situation! We have been harassed by a conduct which has not only deprived us of our rights..." Simone Bolivar believes Spain has taken many of the people of Jamaica's natural rights. Natural rights in enlightenment thinking are rights that people have that the government cannot take away. Especially the big thing was that Spain gave no political say or rights to Jamaica. They were denied basic rights and ruled in tyranny. He believed that Jamaicans should get a say in what happens where they live and they should not be ruled by absolutism under Spain. Mostly he believed that Spain had taken their natural rights and that the Jamaicans should be able to control themselves as the two main enlightenment principles shown in the document.

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Purpose:  What is the speaker’s purpose?  In what ways does he/she convey this message?  What is the emotional state of the speaker?  How is the speaker trying to spark a reaction in the audience?  What words or phrases show the speaker’s tone?                                                              

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Purpose:  What is the speaker’s purpose?  In what ways does he/she convey this message?  What is the emotional state of the speaker?  How is the speaker trying to spark a reaction in the audience?  What words or phrases show the speaker’s tone?                                                              

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The purpose of the speaker in writing the declaration of Independence was to show all of the grievances carried out against the 13 colonies by the British. This was because these grievances were the grounds for the desire to separate from the British to form their own independent state. The writer is conveying the colonies grounds for separation to the world to show that it is within their right to overthrow the British control over the Americas as their rights had not been protected through the use of stated facts. It is clear that this speaker is incredibly motivated and committed to changing the oppressions that the American people faced into their own government with equal rights and the protections of their rights. The speaker is trying to spark a reaction in the audience by stating and giving evidence for how the natural rights of the colonists were violated by the British government. The tone can be described as confident and words/phrases that reflect this are entitle, self-evident, facts, truth, necessity, and declare.

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Tone: What is the author’s tone?  How is the author perceived by the audience?  What is the author’s mood?  What is the author’s point of view?

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Tone: What is the author’s tone?  How is the author perceived by the audience?  What is the author’s mood?  What is the author’s point of view?

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The author's tone in this particular document seems very unbiased and objective. They seem to lay out these different laws and various rights that everyone possesses, without presenting any apparent bias. In this document the author is perceived by the audience as objective and seems to have a universal tone that demonstrates the fact that these ideas should be applied to everyone and not limited to only the French people. The author's mood in this case seems motivational and inspirational because this document is the start of a new era for the French people. The author's point of view is in support of these changes and looking to change the narrative of the relationship between the people and the government in France.

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Subject:  What is the subject of the piece?  How do you know this?  How has the subject been selected and presented by the author? 

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Subject:  What is the subject of the piece?  How do you know this?  How has the subject been selected and presented by the author? 

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The subject of the Declaration of Independence was to announce to the British government that the British controlled American colony would be breaking off and creating an individual government that favored their needs and wants. This is shown multiple times throughout the declaration, especially when unalienable rights are mentioned. The document claims that the reason for breaking away from the British is because they would not acknowledge these rights, meaning that the people of the colony had the responsibility to overthrow the government and put in place one that does favor their unalienable rights. The subject was chosen because of the negative impact it had on the colony and people living within it. The colony's grievances against the British rule have been presented in a list, with paragraphs further explaining said grievances located at the top and bottom of the declaration.

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Occasion: What were the circumstances surrounding this document?  What prompted the author to write this piece?  What event led to its publication or development?  Give some background/context as to what was going on in that particular region at the time the document was drafted.

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Occasion: What were the circumstances surrounding this document?  What prompted the author to write this piece?  What event led to its publication or development?  Give some background/context as to what was going on in that particular region at the time the document was drafted.

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This document was written during the time of the French revolution. It was written because the author believed the French Monarchy did not accept man's natural rights. Due to the longstanding discontent with the absolute monarchy The French people had been suffering under the harsh rule of the French monarchy for centuries. The King held absolute power, with no checks and balances. This led to widespread poverty, inequality, and injustice. This was written to the National Assembly to create just laws for everyone.

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Miscellaneous:  What Enlightenment principles are reflected in this document?

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Miscellaneous:  What Enlightenment principles are reflected in this document?

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Natural Rights is very clearly described in the article. Liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression is very similar to John locke's god given rights of life, liberty, and your right to own property. Another thing to note was that France and America had a lot of the same problems, shown in the document France had problems with unfair taxes, and oppression from an outside party, they both are also trying to have equal representation in the government and to have a vote in laws that pass.