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The ethnic divide between the Hutu and Tutsi groups had deep historical roots. While these distinctions were clear in the past, colonial powers, particularly the Belgians, made these divisions even greater by introducing identity cards that categorised people as Hutu or Tutsi based on physical features and wealth. This categorisation made existing social tensions even worse and will soon be the cause of a much bigger problem.

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https://cla.umn.edu/chgs/holocaust-genocide-education/resource-guides/rwanda

https://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/assets/pdf/exhibits/Panel-Set2.pdf

https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juvénal_Habyarimana

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The Belgian government favored the Tutsis. This was clear due to the better jobs and higher pay that the Tutsis recieved. This persisted and went through past the countries strive for independence, and this imbalance of power between the tribes was still a thing post-independence.

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The assassination of President Juvenal Habyarimana on April 6, 1994 was an extremely impactful event that many people say was the main cause of the genocide. His death as a hutu president destroyed the political balance between the two tribes, allowing the extremist Hutu factions to exploit the fact he was a Hutu for political gain. This event marked the start of the organised attacks against the Tutsi minority and "moderate" Hutus.

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Media played a huge role in the lead-up to the genocide, contributing significantly to the dehumanization of the Tutsi population. Radio stations and newspapers broadcasted hate speech and propaganda, painting the Tutsis as enemies of the state. This orchestrated campaign of dehumanization served to desensitize the Hutu population, making it easier for them to accept and participate in the brutal acts that happened during the genocide

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Almost immediately after the assassination of President Habyarimana, organised and mass killings began. Hutu extremists, armed with machetes and other weapons, targeted Tutsis and moderate Hutus. Massacres happened across the country, leading to the loss of approximately 800,000 lives in just 100 days.

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https://time.com/3449593/when-the-world-turned-its-back-james-nachtweys-reflections-on-the-rwandan-genocide/

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The Interahamwe, a Hutu extremist militia, played a central role in carrying out the genocide. Armed and organized, they hunted down Tutsis, engaged in mass killings, and forcibly displaced survivors. The Interahamwe's involvement intensified the brutality and scale of the genocide, contributing significantly to the loss of life.

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Sexual violence was actually used as an offensive strategy during the genocide. Tens of thousands of women were made victims to sexual assault, often resulting in physical and psychological trauma. Rape was employed as a weapon of war to terrorize and dehumanise the Tutsi population, abolishing the human rights.

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One of the most sad aspects of the Rwandan Genocide was how the response from the rest of the world was to this ongoing massacre. Despite having plenty of proof of the ongoing horrors and calls for help, the global community seemed unintrested. The United Nations, specifically, didn't step up as needed, and the slow dispatch of peacekeeping forces meant the genocide kept going for way too long.

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The Rwandan Genocide became a dreadful human tragedy, plumetting the nation into an extreme state of humanitarian crisis. The brutality of it is hard to comprehend – in a mere 100 days, close to 800,000 lives were abruptly extinguished. This wasn't just a numerical statistic, it was a serious impact on the structure of the Rwandan society. The aftermath echoed with sorrow, leaving a lasting mark on the history of the nation.

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https://www.msf.org/rwandainterview-authors-humanitarian-aid-genocide-and-mass-killings

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The impact of the genocide wasn't confined to the massive loss of lives, it spread through to the social and economic area of Rwanda. Communities were torn to bits by the violence. Displacement became widespread, ending longstanding connections. Economically, the disruption was extreme, with the vital agricultural sector and other industries thrown into destruction. The process of rebuilding went beyond physical structures, it consisted of reconstructing the very essence of life in a community and economic stability.

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Following the Rwandan Genocide, the aftermath wasnt just about visible scars, it seriously messed with peoples heads. Survivors and the whole community had to grab on to the idea with some heavy mental stuff. Its not the kind of event you shake off easily. Even now, there's a dire need for substantial support and counseling to navigate the emotional state of peopole back to normal The post genocide environment isn't just about reconstructing physical structures, it involves addressing the emotional wounds that have lasted among the Rwandan people.