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Aristotle (384 BCE - 322 BCE) Was an ancient greek philosopher who was the first to make a geocentric model of the Earth's solar system. This model depicted Earth as the center of the universe, and that all other planets, and heavenly bodies surrounded the Earth. Aristotle also claimed the planets were held up by ~50 transparent rings.

Sources:

https://www.teachastronomy.com/textbook/Early-

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Ptolemy (100 AD - 170 AD) Was a greek astronomer who is primarily known for his geocentric model of the solar system. One of Ptolemy's biggest credits is how is work enabled for the accurate predictions of different planetary positions and important information on how lunar eclipses happened. Ptolemy heavily supported the geocentric model, as a result he made improvements to aristotle's geocentric model.

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Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1543) Was a astronomer who was the first to create the heliocentric model of the solar system which showed that the sun was in fact the center of the solar system and that all planets including the Earth orbited the sun. This was of course the first model that "Correctly" portrayed how the solar system orbited around the sun. However, the model was flawed in the way it would predict planetary movement.

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Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630) Was again, an astronomer who was a firm believer in the heliocentric model as a result of copernicus. Kepler altered the heliocentric model by introducing elliptical orbits.

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Galileo Galilei (1643 - 1727) was an astronomist who disproved the geocentric model. While Kepler already created the heliocentric model, nobody had really disproved that the geocentric model was wrong. In doing so, this enabled much more people to believe in the heliocentric model.

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Isaac Newton (1643 -1727) Was a physicist, astronomist, and mathematician who discovered that all items in the universe pulled on each other through gravity relative to their mass. He conquered that every single item with mass had gravity, and that no matter how little they weighed, it still had even the slightest amount of gravity.

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Shi Shen (~4 BCE) Shi Shen is primarily known for correctly positioning over 121 stars that were referenced in "Preserved Texts" and also locating the first permanent sunspots. Shi Shen is known for locating and finding a majority of the Chinese constellations. He also created an 8 volume book titled "The Rocks of Space" Which was a "One volume" map of celestial bodies.

Sources:

Astronomy/Chinese-Astronomy/

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aristotle