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Image of a poster in a Korean hospital from pbs.org

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“In 2017 in South Korea, nearly 1 in 4 individuals suffered from a mental disorder, though only 1 in 10 received treatment, culminating in the country having the highest suicide rate of any OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) member nation.”

Around 40 South Koreans commit suicide every single day

Discussing mental health in South Korea is considered taboo, which limits the amount of healthcare that is available there

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Source: The Struggle of Mental Health Care Delivery in South Korea and Singapore

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“Pasung is the term used in Indonesia and a number of other countries for seclusion and restraint of people with mental illness in the community, usually at home by their family.”

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Chongsinbyong was the word for mental illness used before the Korean war

It implied “brain disease, mental derangement, and a propensity [tendency] for violence.”

Koreans often thought of electric shocks when they heard this word.

During the war, soldiers were diagnosed with “eunuchiodism”, which originally meant that there was a low amount of male hormones, but the South Korean army changed it to a “diagnosis of emotional immaturity” and kicked these soldiers out

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Although mental health has been extensively researched to increase available resources, there is still a lot of stigma and hatred around people with mental health issues—specifically in Asia. Most of these thought processes come with a long history behind them.

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(Statistics are from the United States)

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Often times parents with go through every possible solution before getting professional help for their children. This leads to prolonged trauma and overall worsens the child's mental health.

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Article source: Help-seeking among Asian and Pacific Americans: a multiperspective analysis

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“[Asian-american] [s]tudents who measured higher on acculturation [learning new cultures outside of their own] were more likely to recognize a personal need for professional psychological help, to be tolerant of the stigma associated with psychological help, and to be open in discussing their problems with a psychologist.“

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Asian-americans who speak little english can struggle with portraying what they are feeling. This can then deter them from speaking up for help.

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Although the practice of pasung is technically illegal, many families still feel the need to use it since there are limited resources in Indonesia

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Healthcare in Indonesia has very little workers/specialists in the field of psychiatry, and what is available is often very low quality

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Economically, families will have to spend a lot of money on members who are mentally ill. This results in families taking measures such as pasung since it is cheaper

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Article Source: The use of pasung for people with mental illness: a systematic review and narrative sythesis

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CCqIqP8INGSSDL0C1yXLje4FlVwWpvXkWfnoiopojoc/edit

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Source: Nobody’s Normal How Culture Created the Stigma of Mental Illness by Roy Richard Grinker

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Source: Nobody’s Normal How Culture Created the Stigma of Mental Illness by Roy Richard Grinker

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“Mentally-ill Indonesians locked up and shackeled”

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“Mentally-ill Indonesians locked up and shackeled”

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This video from Al Jazeera explains the issues and history around pasung:
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/3/21/mentally-ill-indonesians-locked-up-and-shackled

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Hikikomori - Teenage Social Isolation - Mental Health Documentary

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Hikikomori consists of many of the symptoms of depression, such as isolation, general sadness, not socializing, etc. Instead of being treated as depression, it is only referred to as a "failure to mature."

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Hikikomori - Teenage Social Isolation - Mental Health Documentary