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The Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand 

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June 28, 1914 - Archduke Ferdinand is assassinated while visiting Sarajevo amid reports of anti-Austria sentiment and unrest

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June 28, 1914 - Archduke Ferdinand is assassinated while visiting Sarajevo amid reports of anti-Austria sentiment and unrest

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The heir to the Austrian-Hungary throne, Franz Ferdinand visited Sarajevo, Bosnia to show that he can both reform and help Serbia, as well as introduce himself to his upcoming subjects. Unfortunately, he was shot by a Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip, who was part of a Serbian terrorist group, named the Black Hand. This event sparked a worldwide war, in addition to smothering any hopes for a free Bosnia.

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Newspaper article about Austria giving Serbia an ultimatum 

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July 23, 1914 - Austria presents Serbia with an ultimatum, backed up by Germany 

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July 23, 1914 - Austria presents Serbia with an ultimatum, backed up by Germany 

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Due to the assassin of Archduke of Ferdinand being a Serb, Austria-Hungary was able to use that as a reason to punish Serbia. They presented Serbia with a harsh ultimatum that included multiple demands, and with the help of Germany’s “blank check,” (which was a promise of support no matter the cost), Austria pushed the Serbs to end all anti-Austrian agitation, punish all Serbian officials were were involved with the murder plot, and allow Austrian to join the investigation.

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Newspaper article displaying Serbia’s inability to accept all of Austria’s demands 

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July 24, 1914 - Serbia accepted most by not all of Austria’s demands 

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July 24, 1914 - Serbia accepted most by not all of Austria’s demands 

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With Serbia knowing if they rejected the ultimatum it would result in war, so Serbia agreed to most of the proposals and agreed to allow an international conference settle the others.

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Newspaper article headlining Austria declaring war on Serbia 

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July 28, 1914 - Austria rejects Serbia’s offer and declares war on Serbia 

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July 28, 1914 - Austria rejects Serbia’s offer and declares war on Serbia 

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Due to Serbia’s failure to agree to all of Austria-Hungary’s demands, Austria declares war on Serbia, since Austria-Hungary was in no mood to negotiate.

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July 30, 1914 - Russian leaders order mobilization of troops and move them toward the Austrian-border. Tzar Nicolas II tells Kaiser Wilhelm II that the moves are only a precaution

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July 30, 1914 - Russian leaders order mobilization of troops and move them toward the Austrian-border. Tzar Nicolas II tells Kaiser Wilhelm II that the moves are only a precaution

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Because Austria declared war, Serbia had to turn to its ally Russia. This results in Tzar Nicolas II to telegraph Kaiser Wilhelm II, pleading with the Kaiser to convince Austria to soften its demands. When the plea failed, Russia began to prepare for war by transporting its troops towards the Austrian-border. Germany demanded Russia to stay out, but Russia refused.

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Poster about France entering the war in support of its ally Russia 

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July 31, 1914- Germany demands that France stay neutral, but France backs its ally, Russia

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July 31, 1914- Germany demands that France stay neutral, but France backs its ally, Russia

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Due to Germany declaring war on Russia, Russia appeals to its ally France who is hesitant about joining the war. However, nationalists in Paris saw this war as an opportunity to avenge France’s defeat in the Franco-Prussian war. Furthermore, French leaders decided to support Russia by giving them the same kind of banking (that Germany offered Prussia).

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Article showing Germany declaring war on Russia 

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August 1, 1914- Germany declares war on Russia

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August 1, 1914- Germany declares war on Russia

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With Russia refusing to step out of the conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia, Germany declares war on Russia. Furthermore, as France mobilizes in aid of Russia, Germany also mobilizes, which was another reason on why war was declared.

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Article headlining Germany officially declaring war on France 

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August 3, 1914 - Germany responds by declaring war on France 

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August 3, 1914 - Germany responds by declaring war on France 

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Germany orders France to stay neutral, but France refuses resulting in Germany to also declare war on France. The decision of a two front war sparks a strategy which was created by General Schlieffen.

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August 4, 1914 - Germany invades Belgium on its way to France 

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August 4, 1914 - Germany invades Belgium on its way to France 

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In order to carry out the Schlieffen plan, Germany had to pass through Belgium to make its way to France. Their plan was to march through Belgium and them swing south behind French lines, them encircle and crush France’s army fast. However, Germany invaded Belgium on August 4, 1913. Because of this, Great Britain was outraged.

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August 4, 1914 - Great Britain, honoring a new treaty guaranteeing Belgium’s neutrality, declares war on Germany

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August 4, 1914 - Great Britain, honoring a new treaty guaranteeing Belgium’s neutrality, declares war on Germany

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Great Britain along with other European nations signed treaties that guaranteed Belgiums neutrality, and were outraged by Germany’s actions. This led to Britain declaring war on Germany, and once the machinery of the war was in motion, there was no point in stopping. Furthermore, Britain declaring war on Germany was not all about Belgium, it was also about Germany’s rapid power and industrial methods that were in competition with Great Britain’s.