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1996 January 17th "United States v. Virginia"

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1996 January 17th "United States v. Virginia"

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During the case trial of “United States v. Virginia'', Justice Ginsburg has actively taken her role in justifying their justice, and expressed gender equality and women’s rights on the court. The case of “United States v. Virginia'' argued upon the Virginia Military Institute’s ( VMI ) admission policy. During the trial, United States won 7-1 decisions by majority of opinions being said by Justice Ginsburg. J. Ginsburg stated that Virginia has shown no “exceedingly persuasive justification” for excluding all women.

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This case has started from a dispute in Colorado where voters had passed a constitutional amendment that prohibited the recognition of queer people as a protected class. The amendment have give a discrimination against the queer and the U.S Supreme court have overturned this Amendment. Ginsburg have mentioned that “the amendment seems inexplicable by anything but animus toward the class that it affects; it lacks a rational relationship to legitimate state interests.” Ginsburg had voted in the majority and this court’s decision was significant as it was the first LGBTQ case that protected them. (The decision that was made in 1986 have upholded the right to criminalize the sex between same-sex couple)

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1999 Received the Marshall Thurgood Award 

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1999 Received the Marshall Thurgood Award 

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She received this award on 1999 due to her many contributions to
ending gender inequality (mainly being the co-founded of the Women’s Rights project).

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The 2000 presidential election between George Bush and Albert Gore was one to go down in US history due it being decided by the Supreme court (the highest ruling court in the United States,) rather than the people.  The main reason for the case being taken to the Supreme court was due to the very small difference of votes counted in Florida between the two candidates. Due to the minor difference, it caused general doubts from all sides who all awaited to get a recount. The court ruled that doing a recount was not time efficient and seeing how George bush was in the lead in Florida, he was awarded the presidency.

Disagreeing with the court's decision, RBG read from a bench dissent. Justice Ginsburg argued that the court should have considered the federalist structure (separation of duties from state vs center) and agreed to the Florida Supreme court.

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In 1998, the shieff of Texas have charged Lawrence and Tyron for having sex under the Texas’ anti-sodomy law. Lawrence have appealed to the court and the same-sex sexual activity have become legal in every state and territory of the United States. Ginsburg have again joined the majority to strike down the ani-sodomy law.

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2007 Ledbetter vs. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. 

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2007 Ledbetter vs. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. 

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This was an employment discrimination decision of the Supreme Court of the United States. Ledbetter sued Goodyear for gender discrimination in violation to the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, saying that the company was giving her a low salary compared to her male colleagues. Although Ledbetter filed her compliant and lawsuit too late, the court took her case because it's an important issue of law.

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President Obama signed the law to Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which is considered the most extensive reform since Medicare, a federal program which provides healthcare to those over the age of 65, or those with disabilities, disregarding any income, and Medicaid, which  is a federal program which provides healthcare to people of low income.

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March 2012 National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius

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March 2012 National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius

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The case surrounding the passing of ACA and Patient Protection. Through the many oral arguments and opinion announcements, the case surrounded a topic petitioned by the National Federation of Independent Business, et al. that the sweeping reform law was unconstitutional for various reasons. The supreme court granted certiorari to three cases, totaling 5 ½ hours of oral arguments.

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The ACA was determined a constitutional act in a 5-4 vote in the Supreme Court, with Justice Ginsburg voting for the act to be constitutional. This gave time for the legislation to stand, and allowed for revision and transformation of implementations.

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Supreme Court struck down the Defense of Marriage Act, which Congress had passed and President Clinton had signed to deny federal recognition of same-sex marriages.

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The outcome of Obergefell v. Hodges was a major moment for same-sex couples and the rights of LGBTQ Americans. In the case, a number of same-sex couples sued their respective states over bans against same-sex marriages and not recognizing their legal marriages. Ginsberg’s vote helped overturn the marriage bans; legalizing same-sex marriage in every U.S. state.  She insisted that"the Constitution promises liberty to all within its reach," and that same-sex couples “ask for equal dignity in the eyes of the law. The Constitution grants them that right.”

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2015 interview: Gay marriage will be widely accepted (primary source)

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2015 interview: Gay marriage will be widely accepted (primary source)

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In the interview, Ginsburg talks about her general idea in the same sex marriage. She says that the change in people’s attitude has been enormous as we can more naturally see people near us coming out. What the rest of us  have to do is to recognize them as one of us with familiarity. We lived in segregated communities when this issue have first came out and as we are making progresses, we still need to take a large adjustment for the gay rights movement.

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Ruth Bader Ginsburg: Gay Marriage Will Be Widely Accepted

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2016 Whole woman's health vs. Hellerstedt 

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2016 Whole woman's health vs. Hellerstedt 

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The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that two abortion restrictions in Texas are unconstitutional because they would shut down most clinics in the state and cause Texans an “undue burden” to access safe, legal abortion.

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2016  EUI Interviews: Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg on women’s rights today (primary source)

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2016  EUI Interviews: Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg on women’s rights today (primary source)

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EUI Interviews: Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg on women’s rights today

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2017 Feb / Visited the VMI to give out a speech 

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2017 Feb / Visited the VMI to give out a speech 

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She was interviewed on why she has fought to allow female admissions at their institute. Alongside her experience during its case's trial, she speaks about her belief in how important educating females are. Through a poem, Ruth Bader Ginsburg describes that “No women are resembled”, and how they’ve all got their own and individual potentials and opportunities. She speaks how since she was also one of the nine female students in Harvard’s law school with a total of 500 students, she knows what it feel like to be the only women in place, and to take the role of leadership in the community, and in the outside world.

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2017 Interview with the Aspen Institute (Primary document)

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2017 Interview with the Aspen Institute (Primary document)

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The main idea of this interview was to explore RBG’s importance in a dissent, and to answer the question that if a dissent is made, who is it being used to address? As the interviewer of the Aspen institute said, that a dissenting opinion is already one that goes against a majority opinion. With that majority against minority situation, what was the aim or the desired audience when RBG dissented? RBG explains that her dissent, in a case of if it is to address congress (the parliament) or to help change the court’s thinking and their perspective of the case. Additionally, the term “law of the land” was something that was explored in this interview. RBG explains that for her, if a dissent is powerful enough to change the courts thinking, her initial hope (when she is reading the dissent) would be that sometime later on, the court would understand her perspectives the way that she did

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Ruth Bader Ginsburg on the Value of Dissents

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Gay employee fired after he mentioned joining a gay softball league; he sued, seeking to have sexual orientation and gender identity recognized as protected classes in the same way as race and disability. In the majority decision, the court found that the Civil Rights Act does indeed protect queer people.

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2020 RGB challenged Donald Trump’s attempt to discredit the ACA

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2020 RGB challenged Donald Trump’s attempt to discredit the ACA

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In 2017, the Trump administration tried to create a religious exemption, but it was blocked by federal courts throughout the years.
RBG stated to Trump's General, Solicitor General Noel Francisco, that the law may force women to have to play for their own contraceptive care She said: “This leaves the women to hunt for other government programmes that might cover them,”
“And for those who are not covered by Medicaid or one of the other government programmes, they can get contraceptive coverage only from paying out of their own pocket, which is exactly what Congress didn’t want to happen.”
She also told him that companies that are exempt with religious beliefs would force women to pay for contraception, even if they disagreed with that company’s religious standing.