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Carbohydrates are comprised of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Organic compounds.

3 subtypes which are the building blocks for carbohydrates: monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides.

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- Carbohydrates provide us with energy. It is the most basic form of energy used by the body (in the Krebs Cycle).
- They also provide stored energy (eg. excess glucose can be stored for later use)
- Carbohydrates help preserve muscles
- Carbohydrates break down into glucose in the body. Glucose moves from the bloodstream into the body cells with the help of the hormone insulin. So, all of the cells in a person's body use glucose (i.e., carbohydrates) to function.

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-- Normally, carbohydrates should make up about 45% to 65% of your daily calories.

-- For a 2,000-calorie diet, this equates to 1,040 calories or 225 to 325 grams.

-- The recommended dietary allowance, for carbohydrates for all adults is at least 130 grams per day.

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- The major sources of energy are starches and sugars, which provide 4 kilocalories (17 kilojoules) per gramme.
- Polyols have a calorie content of 2.4. (10 kilojoules) (since erythritol is not metabolised, it has no calories)
- Dietary fibre 2 kilocalories (8 kilojoules)
- The brain and red blood cells are particularly reliant on glucose for energy, however they may use alternative sources of energy derived from lipids under severe conditions. As a result, our blood glucose levels must be kept at an optimal level at all times. To meet the energy demands of the adult brain alone, 130 g of glucose is required every day.

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1. Carbs are brain food - the brain is the only carb-dependent organ in our bodies.

2. Typical “carbohydrate”-associated foods (e.g. bread) are not simply carbs; they comprise of a variety of macronutrients.

3. Carbs are the primary fuel source to support vigorous physical activity.