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French and Indian war/Seven Years War 1754-1763

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French and Indian war/Seven Years War 1754-1763

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War between French and English in the New World, with Natives fighting on both sides. Both Colonies and French would keep expanding until meeting in the Ohio River valley, where George Washington and his men ran into the French. Their meeting marks the first battle in the 7 Years’ War. British:After the French Indian war, British Parliament was in huge debt, so they implemented taxes upon goods to make the money back. Colonists: Happy war the ended, but unsure about the future with the British.

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The Proclamation Act prevented colonists from settling west of the Appalachians, to avoid another conflict with the Indians. They wanted to keep the Natives as happy as possible to prevent war because the British were weak from French and Indian war.

Colonists have already started to settle and move past the Appalachian mountains before this act was created so it didn’t do much.

British:Not happy they were moving west without their permission.

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British implement taxes on sugar, wine, indigo, and molasses, almost stopping the important Rum trade. Worried about the Colonial Leaders, they try to take over the government with the right to tax. Only New England protested the act because they were the most affected by the rum trade.

Colonists:
Leaders are worried the British would take power from the Colonial governments.
British:Showing colonists that they have the power to create taxes and acts without their knowledge

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The Stamp Act required Colonists to buy and place stamps on paper goods such as newspapers, diplomas, contracts, prayer books, marriage licenses, and other legal documents.Anyone who used paper in their daily life was hit hard by this tax especially lawyers and publishers. Made big tax on books like the Bible so people couldn’t afford them. Colonies used this unpopular act to convince the Colonists that they were being taxed unfairly.

Colonies petitioned the act and sent it to parliament. Show’s first time colonies become one
British :Still need money from war and Colonists should pay because they protected them.

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Colonies/Colonists had to provide housing for the British troops, also had to give them goods like bedding candles and beer. Cost a lot of money to house them even though the Colonists didn’t even want them there,the New York assembly didn’t want to pay for troops.
British: Soldiers were taking their jobs and they still had to feed and house them.

Colonists thought it didn’t make sense to have the troops standing by in 13 Colonies during a time of peace.

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Repealed Stamp Act,and this act/law said that the Parliament had the right to govern and tax the British. Same taxing was going on in Britain as in America.
Colonists: Celebrated the end of the Stamp Act and didn’t try to repeal the Declaratory Act because the Colonists saw the repeal of the Stamp Act as a victory for them. Sons of Liberty saw this as the start of more taxation.

British:Cemented the idea that they governed over the Colonial governments.

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Parliament still needed money and wanted to make sure the Colonies knew who was in charge. Charles Townshend gave some suggestions to Parliament saying that the Colonists had to house and provide food for the troops,taxed some goods
brought to the Colonies,to enforce these taxes British officers could search any business or home for smuggled goods. British soldiers undercut jobs of Colonists even though they were still housing and feeding them.
Colonists:Told merchants to not sell British goods and start to make American goods with no tax

British:Townshend ideas helping Parliment make money and keep other laws enforced.

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Tensions high between Redcoats and Colonists, sailors threw snowballs, sticks and clubs at soldiers,soldiers felt threatened so they shot into the crowd. Killed 5 people including Crispus Attucks who was the first person to die in what would be the revolutionary war.

Colonists: Use the event to spread propaganda and fuel the revolution. Paul Revere makes etchings of what happened but made it more dramatic than it was.

British:Repeal almost all taxes except tea to calm the Colonists after the incident.

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Good for merchants who could start selling British goods again, Colonial leaders still weren’t happy with how the British treated them. Propaganda from Massacre makes England get rid of all taxes except for tea.

Colonists:  Still don’t think it is enough, keep fighting for Revolution.

British: Money for the British economy because Colonies are all buying their goods again.

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English don’t like colonists smuggling goods without taxes, send the ship Gaspee to guard the harbor. The ship is led by a colonist ship until it is stranded in shallows, then burnt by colonists. The captain is taken as a prisoner to Pawtucket Village.

British: King George III angered, wanting to know the name of the crew, never found them.

Colonists: Continue planning revolution, were never found by the crown (even though there was a big reward for finding them)

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Debt from the French Indian war causes various taxes including tea. Samuel Adams created the committee of correspondence so other leaders in Massachusetts could work together.

Colonists: Are mad, rebel against Britain, causing Tea Party.

British: Angered by tea party, they establish Intolerable  Acts to earn the money back

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Series of bills that anger colonists:

Boston port bill closes harbor until lost tea is repaid

Massachusetts Government Act replaces elected government with appointed

Administration of Justice act allows redcoats charged with crimes to go to england or other colony for trial

New Quartering act allows redcoats to live in any house

Quebec act transfers all territory between Ohio and Mississippi rivers to Quebec

Colonists:  Rebel against all of them, not letting workmen repair houses designated for redcoats. Causes 1st  Continental  Congress to decide what to do about the acts

British: Hope to isolate radicals in Massachusetts, but the acts backfire

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1st Continental Congress- September-October 1774

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1st Continental Congress- September-October 1774

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All colonies except Georgia (they are dealing with Indian affairs and depend on the British for supplies) meet in Philadelphia. Vote to stop trade with Britain until Intolerable Acts are repealed.

British:

Don’t repeal intolerable acts, keep sending soldiers and taxing goods.

Colonists:

The boycott doesn’t work, and the colonists continue rebelling. They rob British forts and smuggle in goods.

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The Second Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia. It Elects George Washington as the commanding general of the Continental Army and adopts the Olive Branch petition to restore peace with England.

British:

King George ignores the petition, doesn’t even open the envelope.

Colonists:

Start work on the Declaration of Independence since the petition doesn’t work.

By Sam Gustat and Alex Gurchenkov