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1619-1819 American Slavery - "A Peculiar Institution"

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1619-1819 American Slavery - "A Peculiar Institution"

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Approximately 645,000 African slaves were transported to the United States of America. Slavery was gradually abolished in the Northern states, but slavery was maintained in the South.

Tensions rose as North abolitionists tried to abolish slavery throughout the United States, while the South insisted on continuing and expanding slavery.

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The Missouri Compromise was the first step in stopping slavery in the U.S. Its goals were to maintain power in Congress and it also admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. The Missouri compromise also enacted the 36 30 lines which meant any state above that line prohibits slavery and anything under that line may have slavery. This deepened sectional tensions because it exposed to the public just how divisive the slavery issue had grown.

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The Kansas-Nebraska act was a territorial act that created Nebraska and Kansas. This act also reapled the Missouri compromise of 1820 and allowed for popular sovereignty which is giving what the people are voting for. This act deepened sectionalism because it showed that slavery could be extended in places that were once banned and this only intensified the debates over slavery which would later lead to the civil war,

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Because of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Whig Party split itself into two. The northern Whigs created what would become Lincoln's Republicans and most southern Whigs joined the Democrats. This increased tensions as there were now two opposing political parties with different views on slavery, dividing the nation further, and increasing tensions.

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Dred Scott was a man born into slavery and sold to a slave owner who died, leaving Dred Scott in a free state and him asking for freedom. He was told no and abolitionists helped him sue for freedom but supreme court said anyone held as a slave or born from someone who was a slave, could never be a U.S citizen, allowing slavery to move into new territories, outrage the north, and deepen tensions between the north and the south.

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John Brown was an abolitionist leader in the United States. He believed that adopting violence to remove slavery was the best way to do so. He was a prominent figure in the abolitionist movement in the United States prior to the Civil War. In an attempt to abolish slavery and free the slaves, John Brown led a small number of individuals on a raid against a federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia. He and his soldiers were apprehended and hanged 16 months before the Civil War broke out. He influenced the Civil War by raising the stakes for the 1860 presidential election by inflaming sectional emotions.

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The Election of 1860 was the election for the United States President during 1860. Candidates included Abraham Lincoln, John Breckenridge, John Bell, and Stephen Douglas. Abraham Lincoln's W without a southern vote triggered the South and led to the secession of South Carolina.

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In December of 1860, South Carolina seceeded from the United States and in doing so, 6 other states did before the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln. After the events of Fort Sumter, all other southern states, except for the 4 border states, withdrew. This completely divided the U.S into two, the North and the South.

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At Fort Sumter, the South would be fighting against the North on April 12th, and the South surrendered on the 14th. Afterwards, the president had people join the army to fight for the north against the south. This led to the secession of all the rest of the southern states except the 4 border states.