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In the 19th century the Russian empire was controlled by the Romanov Dynasty.

In Russia people made their living mostly by being serfs.

Serfdom was abolished in 1861.

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Cause one: Nicholas II takes control 1894

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Cause one: Nicholas II takes control 1894

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Nicholas became Czar after the death of his father in 1894.

Russia was very far behind in the industrial revolution compared to Germany and Britain, so when Nicholas II took control he increased industrial production.

The increase in industrial production made for a larger class of urban poor, and most people ended up still living on farms.

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Cause One: Bloody Sunday, January 9, 1905

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Cause One: Bloody Sunday, January 9, 1905

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When the people at the Winter Palace asked Czar for help, his troops took control and let an open fire which killed 500 people.

The people wrote in their petition that they are overworked, underpayed, and feel due to the awful conditions they are facing sufferege and impoverishment.

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Cause One: Nicholas abolishes the Duma, 1906

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Cause One: Nicholas abolishes the Duma, 1906

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The Dumas were a political group who supported the constitutional monarchy and would take away some power from Nicholas, they wanted to give more more to the people as it would give power to the democratically elected Dumas.

Nicholas opposed the Dumas as he did not like any loss of his power and because the Dumas were elected democratically.

The soverign, Czar is in control of all of Russia's external relations and approves laws; without his approval no legislative measure can become law.

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Russia's allies at the beginning of World War one were the French, British, and Serbia.

Some events that led to conflict between Austrians and Serbians took place in 1914 when a serbian man named, Gavril Princip shot and killed the Austrian Duke.
The Serbs are in need of Russia's help as the Austro-Hungarian army is attacking their frontier, making it impossible to defend themselves, so they wanted their aid.

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Cause Two: Czar Nicholas takes command of the army, 1915

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Cause Two: Czar Nicholas takes command of the army, 1915

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Problems occurred in Russia as Western industrial Nations were much stronger than the Russian troops, this led to many bad Russian casualties and many many men to be drafted into the war.

Once the when the enemy penetrated into the interior of the Empire, Nicholas decided to take command of the troops.

1,700,000 people died in Russia during World War 1.

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Cause Three: Rasputin and the Czarina, 1916

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Cause Three: Rasputin and the Czarina, 1916

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Nicholas decided to leave St. Petersburg in charge of the country when he went to war.

Rasputin had so much influence over Czarina because she believed he was the only one who could save her son from a lie threatening genetic disease.

No, Czarina did not listen to her advisors about Rasputin.

In order to kill Rasputin it took 3 types of poisoned wines and cakes and 2 shots at him from an american revolver.

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In 1917 workers rioted, protested, and broke into stores to show they were unhappy.

The troops also refused to stay orderly and joined the rioters.

To abdicate the throne means to give up the power you hold as ruler.

Nicholas II left the throne to the Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich.

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Cause Four: Provisional Government takes over, Spring 1917

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Cause Four: Provisional Government takes over, Spring 1917

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The provisional leadership hoped to set up a government based upon the democratic principles of the Western world.

The provisional government was struggling to keep control.

The provisional leaders did not want to give up their power to the  bourgeoisie rich because it would weaken the revolution.

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Cause Five: The Bolsheviks return, Spring 1917

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Cause Five: The Bolsheviks return, Spring 1917

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The Bolsheviks were the communist followers of Karl Marx in Russia.

Communism appealed to the working class/poor because the gap between the rich and poor was huge and communism was made to fix that. The poor had little to lose and were looking for change.

Lenin promised 3 things to the people peace, land, and bread.

On October 24, 1917 Lenin told the people to give the government the death blow.

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Cause Five: The Bolsheviks take power, Revolution of October 1917

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Cause Five: The Bolsheviks take power, Revolution of October 1917

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In October 1917 Lenin and his followers planned to take over St. Petersburg

The red army supported the Bolsheviks, lenin and his followers.

The white army did not support communism and was anti-Bolshevik.

With the Bolsheviks in power, and to remain in power they decided to break up all anti communist groups, and to have all the revolutionary groups to fight for them.

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Effect One: End of WWI for Russia, March 1918

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Effect One: End of WWI for Russia, March 1918

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In March 1918, to end world war 1 the Russians signed a treaty lost territory, including Poland, Finland and the Ukraine.

The time between when Russia surrendered and when Germany surrendered is about 8-9 months.

The purpose of the  Treaty Brest-Livosk is to declare that the state of war between them has ceased.

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Effect One: Death of Nicholas II and his family, July 1918

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Effect One: Death of Nicholas II and his family, July 1918

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The royal family got moved to Ekaterinburg, because they thought the White army was conducting a plan to let them free.

The royal family was awoken at midnight, taken to the basement, shot and killed, and their bodies were dumped in acid.

In the murders of the royal family the last to die was the heir, Alexi.

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Under Lenin's rule Russia was named United Soviet Socialist Republic or USSR.

The new Empire included Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.

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Effect Two: End of the Russian Civil War, 1922

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Effect Two: End of the Russian Civil War, 1922

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The Red Army and the Bolsheviks won the Russian civil war.

Due to the war 15 million people died in Russia, and Russia was in ruins as their infrastructure was destroyed. In addition famine swept through Russia in the 1920's.

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Lenin was bedridden throughout his last years of reign as he was almost assasinated as a bullet hit is neck and jaw but the doctors decided it would be best to keep the bullets in and this resulted in him being unable to speak and to face a series o strokes.

In 1924 Joseph Stalin took control of the USSR.

Joseph Stalin ruled for over thirty years.