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Internet Ancient History Sourcebook:

Greece

See Main Page for a guide to all contents of all sections.
General Back to Index Greece: Major Historians: Complete Texts

Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE)

The Histories 440BCE [At MIT][Full Text]

The Histories 440BCE [At Parstimes][Full Text][Chapter length files]

The Histories 440BCE [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

2ND 11th Brittanica: Herodotus [At this Site]

Thucydides (c.460/455-c.399 BCE)

History of the Peloponnesian War, 431 BCE [At MIT][Full Text][Chapter length files]

History of the Peloponnesian War [These are MSWord files, in Greek with embedded fonts][At this Site]

2ND Study Guide [At Brooklyn College]

2ND 11th Brittanica: Thucydides [At this Site]

Xenophon (c.428-c.354 BCE)
Anabasis, or March Up Country or Persia Expedition, full text [At this Site]

Aristotle (384-323 BCE)

Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE)

Pausanias (fl.c.160 CE)

Back to Index Crete Back to Index Mycenae Back to Index Archaic Greece

2NDJohn Porter: The Archaic Age and the Rise of the Polis [At Saskatchewan][Modern Account]

Homer (c.8th Cent. BCE)

Homeric Fragments [At OMACL]

Homeric Hymns [At OMACL]

The Iliad trans. Samuel Butler [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

The Iliad trans. Samuel Bulter [At MIT][Full Text]

The Odyssey trans. Samuel Butler [At MIT][Full Text]

The Odyssey trans. S.H. Butcher and A. Lang [At Bartleby][Full Text]

The Odyssey [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

The Odyssey [At this Site]
Complete text [in one 769k HTML file] of the translation by Samuel Henry Butcher (1850-1910) and Andrew Lang (1844-1912) [Harvard Classics series]

Hesiod (c.700 BCE)

Later Historians

Greek Colonization

Back to Index Back to Index The Rise of the Polis Back to Index The Age of Tyranny Back to Index Athenian Democracy

Reports of The Origins of Athens, c. 430 BCE - 110 CE [At this Site]
from Herodotus, Thucydides, Plutarch, and Aristotle.

Pausanias (fl.c.160 CE): Description of Greece: Book I: Attica (Athens and Megara) [At this Site]

Solon (c.640-after 561 BCE): Selected Fragments, [At Saskatchewan]

Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Solon (c.640-after 561 BCE) [At MIT]

Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): The Persians Reject Democracy/Darius' State [At this Site]
For the Greeks, the Persian's were the major "other" against whom they measured their own institutions.

Thucydides (c.460/455-c.399 BCE): On Aristogeiton and Harmodius, (Book 6) [At PWH]

Cleisthenes (c.525-after 507 BCE): Reform Texts [At Internet Archive, from Reed]

Texts on Ostracism at Athens [At CSUN]

Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Pericles (c.495-429 BCE) [At MIT]

2ND 11th Brittanica: Pericles [At this Site]

Thucydides (c.460/455-c.399 BCE): Pericles' Funeral Oration (Book 2.34-46) [At this Site]

Bust of Pericles (c.495-429 BCE)[At Internet Archive, from WCSLC]

Thucydides (c.460/455-c.399 BCE): The Mitylenian Debate (Book 3.36-50)[At Charleston]

Thucydides (c.460/455-c.399 BCE): The Melian Dialogue (Book 5.84-116)[At Charleston]

Thucydides (c.460/455-c.399 BCE): Pericles' Last Speech (Book 2:59-64) [At CSUN]

2ND 11th Brittanica: Delian League [At this Site]

The Polity of the Athenians, c. 424 BCE [At this Site]
Sometimes known as the "Old Oligarch".

Aristotle (384-323 BCE): The Athenian Constitution [At MIT]

Aristotle (384-323 BCE): The Politics, the beginnings of political society, [At Then Again]

Aristotle (384-323 BCE): The Politics, on the origin of the polis [At this Site]

Aristotle (384-323 BCE): The Politics, excerpts from Books I, III, VII and VIII, [At this Site]

WEB The Acropolis [At Internet Archive, from vacation.net.gr]
Includes amodel reconstruction.

Back to Index Sparta Back to Index The Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE) and After Back to Index The Fourth Century: Competing Hegemonies

Xenophon (c.428-c.354 BCE): The Battle of Leuctra, (371 BCE) from the Hellenica [At this Site]
Account of the defeat of Sparta by Theban forces and the ending of the Spartan supremacy..

Cornelius Nepos (c.99-c.24 BCE): From Life of Epaminondas (d.362 BCE)(written c. 30 BCE) [This Site]

Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Pelopidas (c.410- 362 BCE)[At MIT]

Xenophon (c.428-c.354 BCE): Anabasis, or March Up Country or Persia Expedition, full text [At this Site]
The story of a Greek army of mercenaries and their march into the Persian Empire.

Back to Index of Macedon (r. 339-336 BCE) Religion and Myth Back to Index

The Olympian Religion

Accounts of Hellenic Religious Beliefs, c. 800 BCE - 110 CE [At this Site]
From Homer, Lysias, Apollonius of Rhodes, and Plutarch.

Accounts of Personal Religion, c. 430 BCE - 300 CE [At this Site]
Festivals, temples and expectations.

Hesiod (c.700 BCE): Theogony [Full Text][At OMACL]

Hesiod (c.700 BCE): Cosmogony and Theogony [At enteract.com]

Homeric Sacrifice for the Dead Odyssey XI:18-50 [At enteract.com]

Sacrifice to Rhea: the Phrygian Mother-Goddess Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica I:1078-1150 [At enteract.com]

Oracle of Trophinos at Lebadeia Pausanias, Description of Greece ix:39 [At enteract.com]

The Ancient Greek Gods [At Hellas on Line]

The Homeric Hymn to Dionysus [At Perseus]

To Pythian Apollo Homeric Hymn III:179 [At enteract.com]

Callimachus (c.305-c.240 BCE): Hymn III: To Artemis [At Montclair]

The First Delphic Hymn 138 BCE [At WSU]

To Earth, Mother of All Homeric Hymn xxx [At enteract.com]

Apollodorus: Heracles: Labors, Death, Apotheosis [At enteract.com]

2ND Summary of Apollodorus' Library [At Perseus]
A handbook of Greek mythology.

2ND Guide to Greek Gods [At CSUN]

WEB Classical Myth [Prentice Hall Website]

WEB Guide to Images and Texts about the Olympian Gods [At UVIC]
Links to Perseus Texts.

Chthonic and Mystery Cults

Hymn to Demeter 7th Cent BCE [At Ecole]
The canonical text of the Mysteries.

Hymn to Demeter Homeric Hymns: To Demeter,11, 185-299, 7th Cent BCE [At enteract.com]

The Eleusinian Mysteries: Various Texts [At enteract.com]

Plato (427-347 BCE): On Initiation Phaedo 69 [At enteract.com]

Dionysius and the Bacchae Euripides, The Bacchae, 677-775 [At enteract.com]

Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): Zalmoxis: The God of the Gates Histories IV, 93-6 [At enteract.com]
A Thracian mystery God.

Orphic Hymn to Hekate 5th Cent BCE [At Hermetic Fellowship]

Initiates in the Orphic-Pythagoran Brotherhood Taught the Road to the Lower World The Funerary Gold Plates, Plate from Petelia, South Italy, 4th-3rd century BCE [At enteract.com]

2ND The Eleusinian Mysteries [At ECOLE][Modern Text, Images]

Greek Conceptions of Death and Immortality

Homer: Even in the house of Hades there is left something. . .' Iliad XXIII, 61-81, 99-108

Homer: The mead of asphodel, where the spirits dwell. . .' Odyssey XXIV, 1-18 [At enteract.com]

Empedocles (c.493-c.433 BCE): On the Transmigration of the Soul, fragments 115, 117, 118 [At enteract.com]

Plato (427-347 BCE): On Transmigration: Myth of Er, Republic X, 614 b [At enteract.com]

Plato (427-347 BCE): On the Immortality of the Soul, Meno 81, b [At enteract.com]

Philosophy Back to Index

See WEB History of Ancient Philosophy [At U Washington] and
Ancient Greek Philosophy [At Rice]
Complete online courses with lecture notes on the major figures and issue.

(Pseudo)-Plutarch: Des Opinions des philosophes [At this Site]
Full text of a French translation. This seems to have been the first collection of placita in terms of philosopher's opinions organized into themes.

See Hellenistic Section for texts of Epicurean, Stoic, Cynic, and Sceptic philosphers

PreSocratics

Pythagoreanism

Eleatic School

2ND Parmenides, Empedocles [IEP Articles]

Parmenides (c.515-after 450 BCE)[At Hanover]

Parmenides (c.515-after 450 BCE): Fragments [At Internet Archive, from 4th Tetralagy]

Parmenides of Elea (c.515-after 450 BCE): On Nature (Peri Physis)

Zeno of Elea (c.490-after 445 BCE)[At Hanover]
The puzzles still work!

Zeno of Elea (c.490-after 445 BCE): Paradoxes [At this Site]

Melissos (5th Cent BCE)[At Hanover]

Empedocles (c.493-c.433 BCE): Fragments [At Internet Archive, from 4th Tetralogy]
A pluralistic answer to Parmenides.

Empedocles (c.493-c.433 BCE): Going Among Men as an Immmortal fragments 112, 146, 147 [At enteract.com]

Sophists

Xenophanes (c.570-c.470 BCE)[At Hanover]

Xenophanes (c.570-c.470 BCE)[At Then Again]
Atheistic views.

Heraklitos (c.540-c.480 BCE) [At WSU]

2ND Heraklitos [IEP Article]

Heraklitos (c.540-c.480 BCE): Fragments [At Internet Archive, from 4th Tetralogy]

Atomists

Socrates (469-399 BCE)

Aristophanes (c.445-c.385 BCE): The Clouds, extracts [At Then Again]
Pokes fun at Socrates.

Plato (427-347 BCE): The Apology, [At EAWC][Full Text]
See 2NDStudy Guide [At Brooklyn College]

Plato (427-347 BCE): Last Days of Socrates [Website]
Texts from Euthyphro, Apology, Crito and Phaedo.

Xenophon (c.428-c.354 BCE): On Socrates [At CSUN]

Xenophon (c.428-c.354 BCE): The Symposium [Full Text][This Site]

Plato (427-347 BCE)

2ND Plato for the Young Enquirer [At History for Kids]
Has a useful visual of the Cave.

Full Texts
The links here are to the plain text version at various sites or here. [The old Virgina Tech gopher site has disappeared, but these files are from there.] In addition there are HTML versions of all text available at WEBMIT Classics Archive.

Excerpts for teaching

The Republic, excerpts [At this Site]
The Philosopher king

The Cave [At Internet Archive, from CCNY]

The Timeaus [At Internet Archive, from CCNY]
Origin of the Atlantis myth.

WEB Exploring Plato's Dialogues [At Evansville]
A Virtual Learning Environment on the World-Wide Web

Aristotle (384-323 BCE)

2ND Aristotle, Peripatetics, Theophrastus [IEP Articles]

Full Texts
The links here are to the plain text version at various sites or here. [The old Virgina Tech gopher site has disappeared, but these files are from there.] In addition there are HTML versions of all texts available at WEBMIT Classics Archive.

Nichomachean Ethics [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

Politics [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

Metaphysics [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

Physics [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

Poetics [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text][Ascii Text in one file]

Excerpts for Teaching

Literature Back to Index

Selections from Greek Lyric Poets [At Saskatachewan]
Archilochus (1st half 7th Cent BCE), Alcaeus (Late 7th/early 6th Cent BCE), Mimnermus (Late 7th/Early 6th Cent BCE), Ibycus (2nd half 6th Cent BCE), Anacreon (2nd half 6th Cent BCE), and Xenophanes (c.570-c.478BCE)

Archilochus (1st half 7th Cent BCE): Selection [At Saskatchewan]

Sappho (c.580 BCE): Poems, at [Sappho.com]

Theognis (6th Cent. BCE): Selections [At Saskatchewan]

Aesop (d. 564 BCE): Fables, text, [At Eserver]

Aesop (6th Century BCE): Fables, HTML, [At this Site]

2ND The Rediscovery of Writing in Greece [At Internet Archive, from Reed]

Literature: Theatre Back to Index

All the major Greek plays are online, as well as substantial amount of criticism and theorising. The links here are to the plain text version at various sites or here. [The old Virgina Tech gopher site has disappeared, but these files are from there.]

In addition there are HTML versions of all text available at

Theatre Practice

Drama Theory

Documents on The Hellenic Drama, c. 560 - 330 BCE [At this Site]
The historical origins, from Plutarch, Demosthenes, and Aristotle.

Plato (427-347 BCE): Ion [At MIT]

Plato (427-347 BCE): The Republic

Aristotle (384-323 BCE): The Poetics, excerpts, [At this Site]

Aristotle (384-323 BCE): Poetics [At Mit][Full Text][Chapter length files]
See 2NDStudy Guide [At Brooklyn College]

Aeschylus (525-456 BCE)
The earliest of the three great Greek tragic dramatists (the others are Sophocles and Euripides). He introduced the second actor into the play. He is thought to have written 80-90 plays, of which 7 survive.

The Suppliants prob. 463 BCE

Oresteia trilogy 458 BCE

The Seven Against Thebes 467 BCE

Prometheus Bound date unknown

The Persians 472 BCE [annotated HTML] [At Calgary]

The Persians 472 BCE [At Saskatchewan]

Sophocles (496-405/6 BCE)
The second of the great tragic poets. He wrote over 100 plays, but only seven complete ones survive. The dates here are likely but not certain.
See 2ND
Ajax 440 BCE

Antigone 442 BCE [At this Site, formerly ERIS]
See 2NDStudy Guide [At Brooklyn College]

Antigone 442 BCE [At Diotima]
A much more modern translation, with extensive annotation.

Electra btw. 418-410 BCE

Philoctetes 409 BCE

Oedipus the King c.430 BC
Study Guide [At Brooklyn College]
Oedipus at Colonna c.405/6 BCE [At MIT]

The Trachiniae c.430 BCE

Euripides: Helen, a modern actable translation by Andrew Wilson [At Classics Pages]

Euripides (c.485-406 BCE)
A younger contemporary of Sophocles, and third of the great tragic playwrights. He introduced deus ex machina as a plot device. Of the 92 plays ascribed to him, 19 survive

2ND 11th Brittanica: Euripides [At this Site]

Alcestis

Andromache

The Bacchae [At this Site, formerly ERIS] won trilogy competition, posthumously, in c.405 BCE
See 2NDStudy Guide [At Brooklyn College]

The Cyclops

Electra

Hecuba

Helen, a modern actable translation by Andrew Wilson [At Classics Pages]

The Heracleidae

Heracles

Hippolytus [At this Site, formerly ERIS] won trilogy competition in 428 BCE.

Ion

Iphigenia at Aulis won trilogy competition, posthumously, in c.405 BCE

Iphigenia In Tauris

Medea
See 2NDStudy Guide [At Brooklyn College]

Orestes a modern actable translation by Andrew Wilson [At Classics Pages]

The Phoenissae a modern actable translation by Andrew Wilson [At Classics Pages]

Rhesus

The Suppliants

The Trojan Women

Aristophanes (c.445-c.385 BCE)
The greatest comic playwrights, he wrote in the rough style later known as "old comedy". He wrote 54(?) comedies, but only 11 survived.
See 2NDOld Comedy Study Guide [At Brooklyn College]

The Acharnians 425 BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

The Birds 414 BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

The Clouds 423 BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]
Pokes fun at Socrates.
See 2NDStudy Guide [At Brooklyn College]

The Ecclesiazusae (Women in Politics) [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

The Frogs 405 BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

The Knights 424BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

Lysistrata 411 BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]
About a sex strike.
See 2NDStudy Guide [At Brooklyn College]

Peace 421 BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

Plutus 382 BCE (his last play) [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

The Thesmophorizusae 411BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

The Wasps 422 BCE [At Eserver, formerly ERIS]

Menander (342/1-293/89 BCE)

Art Back to Index Music Back to Index Education Back to Index Economic Life Back to Index Slavery Back to Index Back to Index Everyday Life Back to Index

Accounts of the Hellenic Games, c. 470 BCE-175 CE [At this Site][added 8/4/98 toGreece page]
From Pindar: Olympian Odes, c. 470 BCE, Thucydides: The History of the Peloponnesian War, c. 404 BCE, Xenophon: Hellenica, c. 370 BCE, Strabo: Geographia, c. 20 CE, Pausanias: Description of Greece, c. 175 CE

WEB Greek Costume Through the Centuries [Website]

Gender and Sexuality Back to Index

Women:

The Lot of the Hellenic Woman, c. 700-300 BCE [At this Site]
Collection of comments by Greek male writers.

Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): Artemisia at Salamis, 480 BCE [At this Site]
Artemesia was ruler of Halicarnassus, and took part in the Persian attack on Athens.

Aristophanes (c.445-c.385 BCE): Lysistrata, extracts, [At EAWC]

Aristotle (384-323 BCE): On a Good Wife, from Oikonomikos, c. 330 BCE [At this Site]

Xenophon (c.428-c.354 BCE): On Men and Women, from Oikonomikos, c. 370 BCE [At this Site]

Aristotle: Spartan Women [At this Site]

Homosexuality:

Modern Perspectives on Ancient Greece Back to Index

Greece and Anthropology

Slavery

NOTES:
Back to Index
Dates of accession of material added since July 1998 can be seen in the New Additions page..

The date of inception was 4/8/1998.

Links to files at other site are indicated by [At some indication of the site name or location].

Locally available texts are marked by [At this Site].

WEB indicates a link to one of small number of high quality web sites which provide either more texts or an especially valuable overview.

The Internet Ancient History Sourcebook is part of the Internet History Sourcebooks Project

The Site Concept and Design: created 26 Jan 1996: latest revision 21 January 2020 [ Internet History Sourcebooks Project is located at the History Department of Fordham University, New York. The Internet Medieval Sourcebook, and other medieval components of the project, are located at the Fordham University Center for Medieval Studies.The IHSP recognizes the contribution of Fordham University, the Fordham University History Department, and the Fordham Center for Medieval Studies in providing web space and server support for the project. The IHSP is a project independent of Fordham University. Although the IHSP seeks to follow all applicable copyright law, Fordham University is not the institutional owner, and is not liable as the result of any legal action. Paul Halsall Curriculum vitae]

©

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Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Greece See Main Page for a guide to all contents of all sections.

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Athletics in Ancient Greece | Teaching with Primary Sources | PBS LearningMedia

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This inquiry kit has sources from the Library of Congress about the history of the Olympic Games. Thinking Questions Where did the Olympic Games begin? List three ways that the ancient Greek Olympics were different from today's Olympics. Why do you think the Olympics were important to the ancient Greeks?

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Ancient Greek Architecture: Dorian, Ionic & Corinthian

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Ancient Greece - Gods and Goddesses - The British Museum

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The Greek Philosophers Escape Room will take students on a secret mission around the classroom! This escape room has students decode interesting facts about Aristotle, Socrates and Plato. This is the perfect resource to introduce Greek Philosophers in a fun way! Sometimes teaching about Plato and Socrates can be dull or boring, why not liven it up! The Greek Philosophers Escape Room has students walking around the classroom breaking codes. Students are given a secret code name and sent on a secret mission to save the ancient writings. The codes include ciphers, Morse code, cryptograms and a final 4 digit code based on the decoders/clues.

Each clue and code is different. The codes require students to think differently to decipher or decode them. Some codes are easier than others. Some codes require critical thinking to determine what a letter/symbol stands for. Each code will reveal interesting facts about Greek Philosophers. The use of secret code will keep your students engaged while competing to find the final code. Students can report the final code to you. If you wanted to, you could purchase a 4 digit lock that you program, but it is not necessary at all! No props needed!! This is a NO PREP, PRINT & GO Activity!

Students are sent on a "secret mission" and given a back story

to ignite their active learning skills. They are given a code name which makes them feel as if they are part of the secret mission. Students practice hands-on, practical problem solving skills all while learning about Greek Philosophers. Your students will be inspired to think outside the box! Spy themed music is highly recommended!

The best age range for this resource is 8+. Please look at the preview to determine if this resource works for your age group. Younger students may need some help with some of the more difficult codes.

You can use the pre-labeled clues or you can challenge older kids to choose/find the decoder that works for each of the clues. A set of labeled and non-labeled decoders are included for differentiation. A "How to Decode" puzzles is also included.

Once your students try one of my escape rooms, they will beg for more!

This activity is for all types of learners, especially kinesthetic.

In addition to learning or reinforcing the subject matter, my escape rooms encourage teamwork and critical thinking. As a "timed" challenge, students will be engaged from beginning to end.

New Feature: This escape room includes 9 fun, colorful signs to take class pictures with at the end of the mission. Signs include "Puzzle Master", "Genius", "We did it", "I Escaped" and more! Hang the pictures in your room, send them in a parent newsletter or share them on social media.

An answer key and easy to follow teacher directions are provided.

Time needed: 30-60 minutes
Click HERE to join my newsletter and get a FREE Escape Room!
""" Growth Mindset ESCAPE ROOMS:
Growth Mindset ESCAPE ROOM! Growth Mindset #3 ESCAPE ROOM- MODERN VERSION! Growth Mindset #2 ESCAPE ROOM! Test Taking Strategies ESCAPE ROOM! BUNDLE of 3: Growth Mindset, Growth Mindset #2 AND Test-Taking Strategies ESCAPE ROOM! Growth Mindset #4 ESCAPE ROOM! Growth Mindset ESCAPE ROOMS- 4 Pack BUNDLE! Growth Mindset Posters- Watercolor! Growth Mindset Scavenger Hunt! Team Building Escape Room!
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Revolutionary War Battles Scavenger Hunt! Causes of the Revolutionary War Scavenger Hunt! Battles of the Civil War Scavenger Hunt!
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Greek Philosophers ESCAPE ROOM: Plato, Socrates, Aristotle

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The Greek Philosophers Escape Room will take students on a secret mission around the classroom! This escape room has students decode interesting facts about Aristotle, Socrates and Plato. This is the perfect resource to introduce Greek Philosophers in a fun way! Sometimes teaching about Plato and...

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Video:

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Video: Parthenon Temple

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Acropolis of Athens History - Fun Facts for Kids | Educational Videos by Mocomi

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The Virtual Tour of the Acropolis monuments is a web application that allows the exploration of the archaeological site in an interactive way.

The Virtual Tour of the Acropolis monuments consists of high-resolution gigapixel images and panoramas of the most prominent monuments - the Parthenon, the Propylaia, the Erechtheion and the Temple of Athena Nike - as well as detailed photographic displays of selected views from the outer surface of the ancient walls surrounding the hill. Each view is complemented with descriptive information about the monuments and selected areas of interest.

An orthophoto map of the site's area facilitates orientation and navigation of the visitor to each viewpoint. The images allow detailed zooming onto the architectural features of the monuments, which are otherwise difficult to experience during an onsite visit. Visitors can comprehend the location of the monuments in relation to its surroundings or even to realize a virtual "walk" through the site by selecting at will their own successive viewpoints.

CONTRIBUTORS

The application is an initiative of the Acropolis Restoration Service (YSMA) and comprises an upgrade from a previous version with a focus on extending the app's functionality to both stationary and portable devices. The decision to adopt "state of the art" technological solutions to "bring online" the entirety of the archaeological site is not merely a statement for the preservation work undertaken by the institution, but also a great contribution to the institution's mission to promote access to cultural heritage. Enhanced visual access may be used as a starting point for interested parties and potential visitors to get to know the monuments, but also as a scientific or educational tool to enable research in various disciplines.

The application has been created through the collaboration of the Documentation Office of YSMA with Culturplay that specializes in the provision of digital media solutions and interarctive tools for the cultural heritage domain.

The following people worked for this application:
YSMA - Project supervision, Content management: E. Lempidaki, I. Alexopoulos, M. Katsianis, K. Koutsadelis, D. Mavromati, E.Petropoulou

Culturplay - Project production

Design, Programming, Image Processing: A. Giannakidis

Panoramic Photography: G. Gerogiannis

Technology Consultant: A. Skorjanc

Programming: Y. Stergiou, G. Giakoumidakis, G. Papadakis

Typography: A. Mouriadou, E. Bountouraki

Production Support: L. Mantzourani

PRODUCTION DETAILS

The production of panoramic photomosaics at resolutions of several gigapixels was realised between 2010 and 2014 by employing established practices of digital image acquisition and processing.

In order to achieve the best possible mapping of natural lighting on the monuments together with the display of shaded details, High Dynamic Range (HDR) imaging techniques were used for capturing and combining different exposure levels of the same theme.

Starting from the RAW photos all the way up to the combined and color-corrected finalised panoramas, all intermediate outputs were maintained in order to be able to reproduce and control the entire manufacturing process for future reference.

The krpano viewer and revelant tools are used for the display of the panoramic images within the application. Techniques to minimize the optical deformation of the monuments were applied during the construction of the photomosaics and are also used for their rendering within the application.

Particular emphasis was also placed on the typographic formatting of all textual information included, especially with respect to its effective adaptation to different screen sizes. Moreover, a series of interface controls were developed to facilitate user navigation tasks on touch screens.

The contents of the application are stored in a Content Delivery Network that significantly accelerates data serving to end-users.

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The Virtual Tour of the Acropolis monuments is a web application that allows the exploration of the archaeological site in an interactive way. The Virtual Tour of the Acropolis monuments consists of high-resolution gigapixel images and panoramas of the most prominent monuments - the Parthenon, the Propylaia, the Erechtheion and the Temple of Athena Nike - as well as detailed photographic displays of selected views from the outer surface of the ancient walls surrounding the hill.

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Interactive Source:

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Free Online Games and Interactives about ancient Greece forKids

The Argo Odessey - Find Argo (a little lost puppy in ancient Greece!)

3-D Greek Pottery Game

Play Hercules Jump Hero - interactive

Play Zeus the Mighty

Story Creator (interactive game, monsters)

Tower of Monsters game

Which mythical creature are you?

Test your knowledge - Ancient Greece, interactive quiz

Vocabulary, ancient Greece, interactive worksheet

Ancient Greece - The Trojan War (cartoon)

Rags to Riches, Millionaire ancient Greece game
Jeopardy Games for Ancient Greece
Greek gods and goddesses - interactive worksheet
Ancient Greek Millionaire Game (interactive) Ancient Greece Challenge Jeopardy Ancient Greece Mythology Challenge Jeopardy (interactive) Ancient Greece Concentration Game and Matching Game
Play the maze game, interactive

Free print it or color online - Ancient Greece

QUIZ: TEST YOURSELF Ancient Greece (Interactive with answers)

Stories and Myths

Many, many myths for kids - Read and Hear Ancient Greek Myths - cartoon format, animated, some interactive

Stories: The Trojan Horse, Troy, and Helen and more!
(click on download, that means play audio stories now)

Read and Hear Aesop's Fables

Ancient Greece Craft Ideas

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Ancient Greek Games - Free Interactive Online Games for Kids - Ancient Greece for Kids

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The Argo Odessey - Find Argo (a little lost puppy in ancient Greece!) 3-D Greek Pottery Game Play Hercules Jump Hero - interactive Play Zeus the Mighty Story Creator (interactive game, monsters) Tower of Monsters game Which mythical creature are you?

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Class activity:

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Have students try these activities to expand their knowledge and interest in Ancient Greece.
Social Studies, Math
Several dates are mentioned throughout this unit. Distribute small pieces of paper to students. When they come across a date, students should write on a paper the date and a brief sentence describing what happened in the year. Next, remind students how to organize B.C. dates in a time line and ask students to put the papers in time line order. Then have students research and write about some additional important events from around the world that took place during these years. Students can then create word problems based on the time lines, such as "How long was the Golden Age of Athens?"
Language Arts
Invite students whose native language has an alphabet different from ours to write the alphabet on the board. Ask the student to pronounce each letter and to teach the class some key words, such as "hello," "thank you," and "good-bye."
Art, Social Studies
Have students choose a Greek god or goddess shown in Greek Gods or one they have researched. Ask students to draw their own version of what that god might look like. The god may be dressed in clothing from ancient Greek times or may have an updated look wearing modern fashions. Then students can come up with other gods, such as the god of schools or the god of peace, and draw their version of these gods.
Social Studies, Language Arts
Have students research and write a report on one aspect of the modern Olympics that is of interest to them. Topics may include a specific sporting event, tradition, such as lighting the Olympic torch, or a symbol, such as the Olympic rings. Ask students to include how this aspect has changed since the ancient Olympics and the history of the event or tradition.
Math, Geography
Have students locate Greece on a map. Have them chart a route from their hometown to Athens, Greece, and figure out the distance in miles between the two cities.
Social Studies
Debating was popular in ancient Greece. As a class, make a list of several topics that could be debated, such as "Should there be school twelve months a year?" or "Should uniforms be mandatory in all schools?" Select a topic, divide the class in half, and assign each half one point of view. Ask each side to list several reasons to support its point of view. Students should anticipate what the other side might say in its argument, and counter those ideas with ideas of their own.
Games and Activities on Ancient Greece | Kids Discover

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Games and Activities on Ancient Greece - Kids Discover

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Have students try these activities to expand their knowledge and interest in Ancient Greece. Social Studies, Math Several dates are mentioned throughout this unit. Distribute small pieces of paper to students. When they come across a date, students should write on a paper the date and a brief sentence describing what happened in the year.

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Primary Source:

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Primary Source:

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EuroDocs > History of Greece: Primary Documents > Ancient and Classical: Through 324 BC

From the SLUB Dresden Collections

(2000 BC; facsimile; German interface)

By Homer

Translation by Samuel Butler

(800 BC; English translation)

Women's Voices in Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire

Ancient women and their works

Special thanks to Other Women's Voices

(600 BC-867 BC; facsimiles; Latin, English and Spanish transcriptions)

Women in Classical Athens and Sparta

Includes the education of Spartan mothers, marriage customs, maiden kidnappings, legal cases, and gender roles

In cooperation with Women's Life in Greece and Rome

See also Perseus texts of special interest

(5th century BC - 2nd century AD; English translation)

The account of Herodotus denoting the actions of Artemisia in the battle of Salamis and her role with the invasion forces of Xerxes during the Greco-Persian War.

From Diotima

Introduction about "account of the ephocal conflict between the Greeks and Persians between 430 and 424 BCE." History means inquiry in this title.

1890 English translation by G. C. Macaulay.

Subdivided into categories HERE

Also available here: Part I and Part II

(430-424 BC; Greek text with English translation)

The Constitution of the Athenians

"The Constitution of the Athenians includes a rather technical account of the oligarchic coup that surprised Athens in 411 and was justified with the argument that the democrats were not successfully conducting the Decelean or Ionian War."

Compiled by Livius

(411 BC; English translation)

Source made available by Thucydides' The Peloponnesian War

From The History Guide

(411 BC; English translation)

Samples from the manuscript record on texts by and about Women of the Ancient World.

From Diotima

From his Politics

Made available by The History Guide

(4th century BC; English translation)

Sources on Alexander the Great

Transcriptions of sources directly from Alexander or from historians in a similar time period

Alexander's Letter to the Chians

Alexander's Decree on the Exiles

Livy on Alexander of Molossis, Uncle of Alexander

An ancient assessment of Alexander

Compiled by Livius.org

(4th century BC-1st century AD; English translation)

Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax (in Greek)

Arrian: Anabasis Alexandri: Book VIII: Indica

Works of Agatharchides (in Latin and Greek)

Pseudo Scymnus - Circuit of the Earth

Periplus of the Erythraean Sea

(antiquity)

Collection of information on the Important Women of Pan-Hellenic Greece including goddesses, philosophers, poets, and social charter of tragic characters.

From the Internet History Sourcebook.

Collection of both complete poems and fragments of the Greek Poet Sappho of Lesbos.

Translated to English by Julia Dubnoff.

From The University of Houston.

EuroDocs > History of Greece: Primary Documents > Ancient and Classical: Through 324 BC

EuroDocs Creator: Richard Hacken, European Studies Librarian,
Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.
Feel free to get in touch: Hacken @ byu.edu

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Greece: Ancient and Classical - EuroDocs

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EuroDocs > History of Greece: Primary Documents > Ancient and Classical: Through 324 BC From the SLUB Dresden Collections (2000 BC; facsimile; German interface) By Homer Translation by Samuel Butler (800 BC; English translation) Women's Voices in Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire Ancient women and their works Special thanks

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Children's Book: Percy Jackson & Olympians The Lightning Thief

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Video:

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The Peloponnesian War - Athens vs Sparta - Complete - Ancient History - See U in History

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Class activity:

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This resource contains six ancient Greece learning stations that students can rotate through in small groups. Each learning station (or center) is designed to give students engaging and exciting learning experiences to practice, enrich, review, and enhance their learning. Students will visit each station with a small group and complete ancient Greece activities.

Here's the fun part! During the learning stations, students will create an accordion book to showcase their learning. They'll "build" foldable parts of a Parthenon accordion book while they progress through the stations. Then, when they complete all their work, they'll put together the accordion book to showcase their learning in a fun and interactive way!

Working both independently and with their small groups, students will have multiple opportunities to develop their understanding of ancient Greece while they investigate its geography, religion, accomplishments, politics, economics, and society.
ABOUT THE LEARNING STATIONS:
The ancient Greece learning centers or stations are based on the Common Core elements for Social Studies: Geography, Religion, Achievements, Politics/Government, Economy, and Society

Station 1: Geography - Students learn about the geography of ancient Greece as they label and color in a map & complete guided notes.

Station 2: Religion - At this station students learn about the religion of ancient Greece. First, they'll read a passage. Then, students will doodle icons for Greek deities.

Station 3: Achievements - Students read a series of reading cards to learn about 6 of ancient Greece's significant achievements. Then, they collect facts to add to a chart.

Station 4: Politics - Students will learn about the Greek government in their small groups. Then, they'll use their knowledge to piece together facts that have been separated.

Station 5: Economy - At this station students will learn about the economy of ancient Greece. They'll answer questions and even design currency for a city-state.

Station 6: Society - Students will learn about the class structure in ancient Greece's civilization. They'll fill in guided notes and complete a social class chart.

All Stations: Vocabulary - Students will travel with a vocabulary tracker to each learning station. They'll collect critical vocabulary and record the definitions as they work.
ABOUT THE INTERACTIVE PARTHENON ACCORDION BOOK
Students will easily create a Parthenon accordion book. Each page that they complete during the learning centers will be glued together to create the book. Then, they'll add a Parthenon cover and end page to make an expandable display of their learning! The accordion books make awesome classroom displays and easily fold to fit inside students' folders!
INCLUDED IN THIS DETAILED RESOURCE:

This resource is absolutely turn-key! Everything you need is included!

Station Implementation Guide

Station Grade Tracker

Station Vocabulary Worksheet

Station Table Labels (6)

Teacher Resources - Detailed Station Overview and Set-Up Guides (7)

Station Materials (reading passages, directions, reading cards, maps, student directions, station pieces, accordion book worksheets)

Step-by-Step guide for make the Parthenon accordion book

Keys (for all station activities)

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Ancient Greece Stations, Parthenon Accordion Book, Ancient Greece Activities

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This resource contains six ancient Greece learning stations that students can rotate through in small groups. Each learning station (or center) is designed to give students engaging and exciting learning experiences to practice, enrich, review, and enhance their learning. Students will visit each st...

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Children's Book: