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Female - male display

Females display stripes for males to choose

Males are more choosy as they can only care for one batch of young at a time

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Female display to other female to reduce other's performance in later displays

In other words
female receiving the display will be affected and unable to display successfully (loser's effect)

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Competition for mates within the same species

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For both female and male lobsters, they generally love to fight.

Territorial in nature; establish a hierarchy of dominance within the communities

They will fight to get more mating opportunities with the female lobsters.

Reproduce with multiple females(harem) so their offsprings can be created

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Evolved specifically
- specialised weapons designed to manipulate others through force or injury
Co-opted from original purpose
- adaptation of a certain part to increase efficacy as weapons
Dual functions as sexual ornaments
- weapons are subjected to multiple competing selection pressures

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To inflict injury or to assert dominance through show of strength and aggressiveness

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They participate in this intraspecies competition by engaging with other male lobsters in a fight to establish dominance.

They will lock together with one another and attempt to crush other competitors' claws using their crusher claws. This goes on until the last male lobster is standing.

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Females have temporary ornamental displays

stripped

rows of capital 'B's

Rapid display showcasing full ornamental displlays

They are promiscuous (do not have one mate for life)

Males give 100% parental care like seahorses

eggs placed in pouches

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Females choose the males based on their genetic fitness. Male with more exaggerated ornaments are more genetically fit since their fitness outweigh the cost of the resource use to produce the ornaments.

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Plummage of peacocks

Color spots on male guppy

male betta fish tail

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Narwhal horn
Flatworms penis

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Not actual combat, no death involved, and no severe injuries that might lead to death. Loser will break off fight once it is clear that it has lost.

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Weapons can be used to defend resources that can be indirect/direct to potential mating opportunities.

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They're often used in interference competitions, in intraspecific competition can involve fighting, stealing or ritualised combat.

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winner will have a higher probability to win more, loser will have a higher probability to continue to lose

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Refers to the ability of an animal to win an all-out fight if one were to take place. The ability depends on the on physical and mental traits of the animal.

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Female will choose mates who have highest chance of producing offspring with highest reproductive success.

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Physical trait that is attractive to the opposite gender

Used for mate selection