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The most difficult task confronting many Southerners during Reconstruction was devising a new system of labor to replace the shattered world of slavery

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They were fored to perform all of the normal household and farm duties themselves or pay their workers, but their investments in confederate dollars were worthless

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They had to compete with Afircan Americans share croppers when they marketed their crops

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Left the plantation looking for relatives sold  "down the river" or seeking the taste of freedom

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Elite white women had to negotiate household services from former slave women or perform household tasks themselves

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Both men and women, came to South Carolina as teachers, missionaries, or entrepreneurs

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Some small farmers from nonslaving districts cooperated with the Republicans becase they would benefit from the educational and economic opportunities they offered.

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They were called "scalawags" by other South Carolinians

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Many African Americans entered into agreements with southern landowners who were land rich and cash poor.

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The large number of men killed and other physicallly and mentally impairred during the Civil War meant that many white women took on non-traditional roles

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Some came as Union soldiers and stayed

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Reviled as "carpetbaggers", they were not accepted by mostr of white South Carolina socity

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Plantation owners lost heir labor force, and a very large part of their wealth

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Small farmers who had not owned slaves were not directly affected financially by their liberation.