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Exercise - To look after bones and increase density

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Shown an initial fracture is a major risk fracture for a new fracture

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A serious public health concern, estimated over 200 million people worldwide have the disease

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Selective oestrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)

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You may be given Vitamin D and Calcium supplements!

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You may be given Vitamin D and Calcium supplements!

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Biophosphonates - slow the rate that bone is broken down and reduces risk of fracture

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Incurable!

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More to do with prevention of falls rather than actual treatment

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To diagnose doctors use a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry or bone densitometry

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If several vertebrae are affected the spine may start to curve, and you may become shorter

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Some people have back problems if bones of the spine become weak and lose height

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Most cases not identified until a fall or sudden impact caused bone fracture.

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Previous diagnosis of Osteopenia - can be reversed in the very first stages and prevent osteoporosis occuring

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Osteoporosis affects 3 million people in the UK.

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Heavy Drinking, Smoking, and some medications, Low BMI and family history

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In men the cause is unknown however there is a link to testosterone which keeps bones healthy. Men with low levels are more at risk, but as they continue to produce testosterone into old age they are less at risk.

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Women are more at risk than men - In women oestrogen is important in bone density however after menopause oestrogen levels fall leading to a greater risk

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Age - After the age of 35 you start to lose bone density.