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"The Democratic Party of Alabama has made, and is now making, a deliberate and persistent attempt, as shown by their leaders in the present general assembly, to change the penal code and  criminal laws of Alabama so as to place the liberty and legal rights of the poor man, and especially of the poor colored man, who is generally a Republican in politics, in the power and control of the dominant race who are, with few exceptions, the landholders, and Democratic in politics." (Source P)

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“No freedman shall be allowed to carry firearms, or any kind of weapons. No freedman shall sell or exchange any article of merchandise within the limits of Opelousas without permission in writing from his employer.”  (Source D)

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"Yes, sir, but they run me off during the election. They swore they would kill me if I stayed. The Saturday night before the election I went to church" (Source I)

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"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction (laws) thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge (limit) the privileges or immunities (rights) of citizens of the United States" (Source F).

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"New state constitutions were required to provide for universal manhood suffrage (voting rights for all men) without regard to race.
States were required to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment (see Source F below) in order to be readmitted to the Union." (Source E).

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“No negro or freedman shall be permitted to rent or keep a house in town under any circumstances. No negro or freedman shall live within the town who does not work for some white person or former owner.” (Source D)

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Yes, because the Union actually gave the Africans more rights based on the picture we can see that Columbia is trying to defend the former African that fought for the Union. No, because the Confederates should be judged harsher than just giving than a pardon because the Confederates have done harsh things that negatively affected the U.S. (Source C).

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"States could be restored fully into the Union after they wrote new constitutions that accepted the abolition of slavery, repudiated secession, and canceled the Confederate debt. State conventions charged with writing new constitutions were not required to allow African Americans to participate." (Source A).

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This political cartoon, published in 1865, shows an array of former Confederates begging at the feet of Columbia for pardon and readmission into the Union as citizens. It is beside another illustration with Columbia standing along with a wounded African American Union Civil War veteran with the caption “Shall I trust these men, and not this man?”  (Source

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"They have no education, have never worked for money, and don’t know about their rights. We must make the freed slaves independent of their old masters, so that they may not be compelled to work for them upon unfair terms, which can only be done by giving them a small tract of land to farm" (Source N).

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"And then didn’t we clear the land and raise the crops of corn, of cotton, of tobacco, of rice, of sugar,

of everything? And then didn’t them large cities in the North grow up on the cotton and the sugars

and the rice that we made? Yes! I appeal to the South and the North if I hasn’t spoken the words of

truth. I say they have grown rich, and my people is poor." (Source L).

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"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (Source G).

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"No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge (limit) the privileges or immunities (rights) of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws" (Source F).

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“Every negro is to be in the service of (work for) some white person, or former owner.” Source: In the years following the Civil War - throughout the South -state, city, and town governments passed laws to restrict the rights of free African-American men and women. These laws were often called “Black Codes.” (Source D).

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Source N
¨The cause of the war was slavery. We have liberated the slaves. It is our duty to protect them, and provide for them while they are unable to provide for themselves. None will deny the right to confiscate the property of the Southern states, as they all made war as the Confederate States of America. ¨

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Souce:F
“. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge (limit) the privileges or immunities (rights) of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

”

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(Source G)
" The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

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(Source D)
“No negro or freedmen shall be allowed to come within the limits of the town of Opelousas without special permission from his employers. Whoever breaks this law will go to jail and work for two days on the public streets, or pay a fine of five dollars.”

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(source B)
"Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."

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The number of black men serving in the state officeholders is far greater than the federal by a total of 1340. (numbers calculated by total from both *state and federal* tables and subtracted together).

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"Everywhere I found them hoping to get their children into schools. I often noticed that workers in stores and men working in warehouses, and cart drivers on the streets, had spelling books with them, and were studying them during the time they were not working. Go outside any large town in the south, and you will see children and in many cases grown negroes, sitting in the sun alongside their cabins studying. "

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 It is our duty to protect them, and provide for them while they are unable to provide for themselves. None will deny the right to confiscate the property of the Southern states, as they all made war as the Confederate States of America.(SOURCE n) -VANESSA

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 It is our duty to protect them, and provide for them while they are unable to provide for themselves. None will deny the right to confiscate the property of the Southern states, as they all made war as the Confederate States of America.(SOURCE n) -VANESSA

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All males, regardless of race, but excluding former Confederate leaders, were permitted to participate in the constitutional conventions that formed the new governments in each state.(SOUCE e)-vANESSA

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All males, regardless of race, but excluding former Confederate leaders, were permitted to participate in the constitutional conventions that formed the new governments in each state.(SOUCE e)-vANESSA

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" My drawers fell down about my feet and they took hold of them and tripped me up. Then they pulled my shirt up over my head... pay me $2,500 in cash if I would let another man go to the legislature in my place. I told them that I would not do it if they would give me all the county was worth"

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“No negro or freedman shall be permitted to rent or keep a house in town under any circumstances. No negro or freedman shall live within the town who does not work for some white person or former owner.”SOURCE D ”- vanessa

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“No negro or freedman shall be permitted to rent or keep a house in town under any circumstances. No negro or freedman shall live within the town who does not work for some white person or former owner.”SOURCE D ”- vanessa

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"State conventions charged with writing new constitutions were not required to allow African Americans to participate."