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Chlorine.- Most treatment plants dose tap water with chlorine to 🤬 things like parasites and viruses found naturally in freshwater sources. Studies show that long-term exposure to chlorine by-products can lead to miscarriage or birth defects

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We need to do something about dirty water 🚿 it is bad people can died from drinking dirty water

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We get fresh water from the sewer they clean  water bottles out for people to drink

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Salt water is stuff that you can not drink because if you do you will die cause salt water is bad for you

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Salt water is dangerous to drink. Being stranded in the middle of the ocean carries a high risk of dehydration, because drinking the salt water will take more liquid from the muscles and blood stream than going without drinking anything at all

Read more:  Difference Between Salt Water and Fresh Water | Difference Between http://www.differencebetween.net/science/nature/difference-between-salt-water-and-fresh-water/#ixzz57l9uvTq4

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Fish that live in salt water will die in fresh water and vice versa.

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Salt water is water that contains roughly 3.5% salt. It is found in the world's oceans and seas, as well as in smaller amounts in brackish water. Salt content in water can differ within the same body of water. It is less salty where fresh water runoff mixes into the ocean or sea, typically from a river or melting glacier.

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Access to clean water, sub Sahara Africa only Have a small amount of drinking water about  52% and not alot  of that is clean. I personally think this is a BIG problem and we need to do something about it.

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(-Access to Clean Water-)
3. Children are often responsible (for 3rd world countries) for collecting water to help their families. Taking away time from school and education, and more than 1/3 of all school lacks access to basic water and sanitation.

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Fish that live in salt water will die in normal water

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Most of the Earth is salt water

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You can tell if it is saltwater by how dark the water

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(-Access to Clean Water-)
2. Every 90 seconds a child dies from a water-related disease. Without access to safe and clean water this demotes improved health and longer lives.

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1% of the earths freshwater is on the surface while the rest is frozen in glaciers and underground.

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Fresh water facts
Most of the he Earths freshwater is located in the Polar caps. Underground water, lakes, rivers, and glaciers hold the rest of Earth’s surface freshwater.

http://www.cobblearning.net/axtearthscience6/files/2014/02/Distribution-of-Water-on-Earth-Blog-2ammv9v.pptx

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There’s only a fixed amount of fresh water

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By drink a glass of water ther is 97% of salt water in it and 3% of fresh water

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Both fresh water and saltwater have the same freezing and boiling points of ocean water differ from freshwater, but only the freezing point is of concern in nature. The average freezing point for ocean water is -2 degrees Celsius, although it can be even lower than that if the salt content is higher or the water is under pressure. The typical freezing point for freshwater is 0 degrees Celsius. https://sciencing.com/four-between-ocean-fresh-water-8519973.html

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Unsanitary clean water kills more people worldwide than war

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(Freshwater vs. Saltwater)
Salt Water vs Fresh Water It would be easy to say that the difference between salt water and fresh water is all about whether there is salt in the .Comparing Fresh and Salt Water Activity StudyZoneAbout 71% of the earth is covered with salt water. Freshwater is water with a dissolved salt concentration of less than 1%.

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Human kidneys can only make urine that is less salty than salt water. Therefore, to get rid of all the excess salt taken in by drinking seawater, you have to urinate more water than you drank. Eventually, you die of dehydration even as you become thirstier.

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national oceanic and atmospheric administration

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Drinking seawater can be deadly to humans

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Only 1% of the salt water ecosystems are protected which could lead to the extinction of 50% of the species relying on salt water to survive.

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Water is distributed across earth. Most water in the Earth's atmosphere and crust comes from the world ocean's saline seawater, while freshwater accounts for only 2.5% of the total. Because the oceans that cover roughly 78% of the area of the Earth reflect blue light, the Earth appears blue from space, and is often referred to as the blue planet and the Pale Blue Dot.

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844 million people lack even a basic drinking-water service.

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Overview

Safe and readily available water is important for public health, whether it is used for drinking, domestic use, food production or recreational purposes. Improved water supply and sanitation, and better management of water resources, can boost countries' economic growth and can contribute greatly to poverty reduction.

In 2010, the UN General Assembly explicitly recognized the human right to water and sanitation. Everyone has the right to sufficient, continuous, safe, acceptable, physically accessible and affordable water for personal and domestic use.

Drinking-water services

Sustainable Development Goal target 6.1 calls for universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water. The target is tracked with the indicator of "safely managed drinking water services" - drinking water from an improved water source that is located on premises, available when needed, and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination.

In 2020, 5.8 billion people used safely managed drinking-water services - that is, they used improved water sources located on premises, available when needed, and free from contamination. The remaining 2 billion people without safely managed services in 2020 included:

1.2 billion people with basic services, meaning an improved water source located within a round trip of 30 minutes;

282 million people with limited services, or an improved water source requiring more than 30 minutes to collect water;

368 million people taking water from unprotected wells and springs; and

122 million people collecting untreated surface water from lakes, ponds, rivers and streams.

Sharp geographic, sociocultural and economic inequalities persist, not only between rural and urban areas but also in towns and cities where people living in low-income, informal or illegal settlements usually have less access to improved sources of drinking-water than other residents.

Water and health

Contaminated water and poor sanitation are linked to transmission of diseases such as cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid and polio. Absent, inadequate, or inappropriately managed water and sanitation services expose individuals to preventable health risks. This is particularly the case in health care facilities where both patients and staff are placed at additional risk of infection and disease when water, sanitation and hygiene services are lacking. Globally, 15% of patients develop an infection during a hospital stay, with the proportion much greater in low-income countries.

Inadequate management of urban, industrial and agricultural wastewater means the drinking-water of hundreds of millions of people is dangerously contaminated or chemically polluted. Natural presence of chemicals, particularly in groundwater, can also be of health significance, including arsenic and fluoride, while other chemicals, such as lead, may be elevated in drinking-water as a result of leaching from water supply components in contact with drinking-water.

Some 829 000 people are estimated to die each year from diarrhoea as a result of unsafe drinking-water, sanitation and hand hygiene. Yet diarrhoea is largely preventable, and the deaths of 297 000 children aged under 5 years could be avoided each year if these risk factors were addressed. Where water is not readily available, people may decide handwashing is not a priority, thereby adding to the likelihood of diarrhoea and other diseases.

Diarrhoea is the most widely known disease linked to contaminated food and water but there are other hazards. In 2017, over 220 million people required preventative treatment for schistosomiasis - an acute and chronic disease caused by parasitic worms contracted through exposure to infested water.

In many parts of the world, insects that live or breed in water carry and transmit diseases such as dengue fever. Some of these insects, known as vectors, breed in clean, rather than dirty water, and household drinking water containers can serve as breeding grounds. The simple intervention of covering water storage containers can reduce vector breeding and may also reduce faecal contamination of water at the household level.

Economic and social effects

When water comes from improved and more accessible sources, people spend less time and effort physically collecting it, meaning they can be productive in other ways. This can also result in greater personal safety and reducing musculoskeletal disorders by reducing the need to make long or risky journeys to collect and carry water. Better water sources also mean less expenditure on health, as people are less likely to fall ill and incur medical costs and are better able to remain economically productive.

With children particularly at risk from water-related diseases, access to improved sources of water can result in better health, and therefore better school attendance, with positive longer-term consequences for their lives.

Challenges

Historical rates of progress would need to double for the world to achieve universal coverage with basic drinking water services by 2030. To achieve universal safely managed services, rates would need to quadruple. Climate change, increasing water scarcity, population growth, demographic changes and urbanization already pose challenges for water supply systems. Over 2 billion people live in water-stressed countries, which is expected to be exacerbated in some regions as result of climate change and population growth. Re-use of wastewater to recover water, nutrients or energy is becoming an important strategy. Increasingly countries are using wastewater for irrigation; in developing countries this represents 7% of irrigated land. While this practice if done inappropriately poses health risks, safe management of wastewater can yield multiple benefits, including increased food production.

Options for water sources used for drinking-water and irrigation will continue to evolve, with an increasing reliance on groundwater and alternative sources, including wastewater. Climate change will lead to greater fluctuations in harvested rainwater. Management of all water resources will need to be improved to ensure provision and quality.

WHO's response

As the international authority on public health and water quality, WHO leads global efforts to prevent water-related disease, advising governments on the development of health-based targets and regulations.

WHO produces a series of water quality guidelines, including on drinking-water, safe use of wastewater, and recreational water quality. The water quality guidelines are based on managing risks, and since 2004 the Guidelines for drinking-water quality promote the Framework for safe drinking-water. The Framework recommends establishment of health-based targets, the development and implementation of water safety plans by water suppliers to most effectively identify and manage risks from catchment to consumer, and independent surveillance to ensure that water safety plans are effective and health-based targets are being met.

The drinking-water guidelines are supported by background publications that provide the technical basis for the Guidelines recommendations. WHO also supports countries to implement the drinking-water quality guidelines through the development of practical guidance materials and provision of direct country support. This includes the development of locally relevant drinking-water quality regulations aligned to the principles in the Guidelines, the development, implementation and auditing of water safety plans and strengthening of surveillance practices.

Since 2014, WHO has been testing household water treatment products against WHO health-based performance criteria through the WHO International Scheme to Evaluate Household Water Treatment Technologies. The aim of the scheme is to ensure that products protect users from the pathogens that cause diarrhoeal disease and to strengthen policy, regulatory and monitoring mechanisms at the national level to support appropriate targeting and consistent and correct use of such products.

WHO works closely with UNICEF in a number of areas concerning water and health, including on water, sanitation, and hygiene in health care facilities. In 2015 the two agencies jointly developed WASH FIT (Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool), an adaptation of the water safety plan approach. WASH FIT aims to guide small, primary health care facilities in low- and middle-income settings through a continuous cycle of improvement through assessments, prioritization of risk, and definition of specific, targeted actions. A 2019 report describes practical steps that countries can take to improve water, sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities.

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Safe and readily available water is important for public health, whether it is used for drinking, domestic use, food production or recreational purposes. Improved water supply and sanitation, and better management of water resources, can boost countries' economic growth and can contribute greatly to poverty reduction.

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(-Access to Clean Water-)
1. According to water.org, 1 in 9 people lack access to safe water, when 1 in 3 people lack access to a toilet. More people have a mobile phone than a toilet. Scary to think about?

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(Freshwater vs. Saltwater)
Salt Water vs Fresh Water It would be easy to say that the difference between salt water and fresh water is all about whether there is salt in the .Comparing Fresh and Salt Water Activity StudyZoneAbout 71% of the earth is covered with salt water. Freshwater is water with a dissolved salt concentration of less than 1%.

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70% of Untreated waste gets dumped into Africa’s rivers making clean water hard to find.
https://www.waterlogic.com/en-us/resources-blog/water-pollution-facts/

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Salt water contains much higher quantities of dissolved chemicals as compared to fresh water. This  higher concentration of chemical also raises the density of salt water above that of fresh water.

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In the first bar, notice how only 2.5% of Earth's water is freshwater - the amount needed for life to survive.

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Despite their value and importance, many lakes, rivers, and wetlands around the world are being severely damaged by human activities and are declining at a much faster rate than terrestrial ecosystems.

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Freshwater ecosystems are essential for human survival, providing the majority of people's drinking water. The ecosystems are home to more than 40 percent of the world's fish species. Despite their value and importance, many lakes, rivers, and wetlands around the world are being severely damaged by human activities and are declining at a much faster rate than terrestrial ecosystems.

More than 20 percent of the 10,000 known freshwater fish species have become extinct or imperiled in recent decades. Watersheds, which catch precipitation and channel it to streams and lakes, are highly vulnerable to pollution. Programs to protect freshwater habitats include planning, stewardship, education, and regulation.

The creation of dams and water-diversion systems blocks migration routes for fish and disrupts habitats.

Water withdrawal for human use shrinks and degrades habitats.

Runoff from agricultural and urban areas hurts water quality.

Draining of wetlands for development depletes habitats.

Overexploitation and pollution threaten groundwater supplies.

Invasion of exotic species can harm native animals and plants.

Global warming may lead to devastating floods and droughts.

Restrict the construction of dams.

Provide incentives for farming business to reduce the use of pesticides.

Establish protected wetlands areas.

Regulate water withdrawal for human use.

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Freshwater ecosystems are essential for human survival, providing the majority of people's drinking water. The ecosystems are home to more than 40 percent of the world's fish species.

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844 million people live without clean water.

https://water.org/our-impact/water-crisis/

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783 million people do not have address to clean and safe water world wide.

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Why Water? ...By the numbers (Last Update: 10/9/2023)

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Facts and Statistics about Water and Its Effects

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Find facts and statistics about water and water scarcity and learn about the effects of the lack of access to clean water.

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The amount of freshwater we have is 87% is in lakes, 11% in swamps and 2% in rivers.

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BluePlanet - MI- Water- Distribution of Water

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BluePlanet is a Water and Environmental Education website for High School students. Information on the website links directly to the NSW Science, Geography, Agriculture and Marine Studies syllabuses. Resources include local case studies, games, and factsheets.

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Water covers 70% of the earth when we think of water we think of rain . Lakes and rivers because they are parts. Of our daily lifes

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From largest to smallest, the amounts of water on Earth are salt water (97%), solid fresh water (2%),liquid fresh water (1%).

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Minnesota has a growing salty water problem that threatens its fresh-water fish and other aquatic life, despite being more than 1,000 miles from the nearest ocean.

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Minnesota has a growing salty water problem that threatens its fresh-water fish and other aquatic life, despite being more than 1,000 miles from the nearest ocean. Salt - from chloride - can also impact groundwater used for drinking. It takes only 1 teaspoon of salt to permanently pollute 5 gallons of water. Once in the water, there is no easy way to remove the chloride.

What is the water quality standard for chloride?

Our freshwater streams and lakes naturally have low levels of chloride. High concentrations of chloride are harmful to aquatic plants and animals.

Based on guidance from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the levels of chloride shown to be toxic to fish, Minnesota has a water quality standard to protect aquatic life from chloride. The standard to protect from aquatic life from impacts due to longer chronic exposure is a 4-day average of 230 mg/L, and the standard to protect from shorter term acute exposure is a 1-day average of 860 mg/L.

How does salt from chloride get into our water resources?

One major way is from salt used to deice roads during winter weather. When snow and ice melts, the salt goes with it, washing into our lakes, streams, wetlands, and groundwater. In the Twin Cities and other communities across Minnesota, local partners are addressing this problem by using sand and other strategies to keep winter roads safe while using less salt as a deicer. Find out more about road salt and water quality.

A second major way is from salt used in water softeners. People soften their water to make soaps lather more, prevent spotting on dishes from hard water, and make water heaters operate more efficiently. In most communities, these water softeners drain to municipal wastewater treatment plants, which are usually not designed to remove that much salt from the wastewater. The salt passes through the treatment system that discharges to a lake or stream.

Where in Minnesota is chloride a problem?

Road salt runoff tends be a problem in developed areas where there are many roads and other paved surfaces.

Chloride in wastewater discharge appears to be a problem in almost 90 Minnesota communities, most of them in southern and western areas of the state. Chloride flows into wastewater treatment facilities from homes and businesses that use water softeners. Treatment facilities are designed to remove particles, like grit and sand, and to biologically degrade organic waste, such as food and human waste. Once chloride is dissolved in water it cannot be removed by settling, or biologically degraded by standard treatment processes. The technology to remove chloride is available, but is costly. It would involve microfiltration and reverse osmosis, which are the same treatment processes used to produce pure water used in laboratories.

How does the MPCA know it's a problem?

Water monitoring data also show that salt concentrations are continuing to increase in lakes, streams and groundwater across Minnesota.

The MPCA monitored several lakes and streams in the Twin Cities metro area and found that 39 have chloride levels too high to meet the standard designed to protect fish and other aquatic life. An additional 38 water bodies have chloride levels near the standard.

Chloride toxicity is a suspected stressor to aquatic life in two trout streams in the Duluth area. Road salt and other practices in high-density urban areas are the likely sources of chloride and other stressors in these streams.

The MPCA also found chloride to be stressing aquatic life in a stream in the Cannon River watershed in southern Minnesota with an upstream wastewater treatment facility the likely source of chloride.

Wastewater treatment facilities started monitoring for chloride and other salty parameters in 2009. The MPCA examined the data and found that about 100 facilities have the potential to contribute to levels of chloride higher than allowed by the standard. One common tool to reduce pollutants like chloride is to issue permits with effluent limits to control the amount of a pollutant in a facility's discharges.

What is the MPCA doing to address the problem of salty water?

For road salt in the metro Twin Cities, the MPCA partnered with local and state experts to create a plan for effectively managing salt use to protect water resources while maintaining safe driving conditions. Other communities have also adopted plans to reduce road salt use.

For salt from softeners, the MPCA is forming a work group with community representatives to map out how Minnesota should address meeting the water quality standard for chloride in wastewater discharges.

What can citizens and businesses do to help?

Use sand and other alternate products for deicing sidewalks and others paved surfaces.

Use a water softener only if necessary. Water with a measured hardness of less than 50mg/l is considered soft. Generally water 50 to 150 mg/l is suitable for use in most homes and it is not necessary to use a softener. Check with your city to find out your water's hardness level.

Reduce the use of softener salt by softening only water used for washing and bathing.

Calibrate softeners so they soften by demand instead of by a set timer.

What are other states doing about chloride in wastewater discharges?

Several states are developing strategies to manage chloride in wastewater discharge, ranging from regulatory (permit limits) to incentives to reduce chloride.

California: Some cities have banned water softeners with cities providing water softening before water is pumped to homes and businesses. Some cities promote more efficient salt use in softeners, and others mandate high-efficiency softeners.

Iowa: Research by its Dept. of Natural Resources showed that chloride toxicity is heavily dependent on water hardness and to a lesser degree, sulfate levels in the water. Iowa allows permit holders to a use a site specific standard for chloride based on water hardness.

Indiana: This state has adopted a water quality standard similar to Iowa's, where the protective chloride concentration is function of hardness and sulfate. Some Indiana cities also plan to switch to reverse osmosis for regional water treatment when systems need replacement.

Wisconsin: Cities may apply for variances to the chloride standard while the state studies ways to meet the standard. Some cities are also promoting more efficient salt use and softener operation.

More information

Brooke Asleson
MPCA Watershed Project Manager, Metro
651-757-2205
brooke.asleson@state.mn.us

Joel Peck
MPCA Municipal Wastewater Liaison
651-757-2202
joel.peck@state.mn.us

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Salty water a growing problem in Minnesota

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Minnesota has a growing salty water problem that threatens its fresh-water fish and other aquatic life, despite being more than 1,000 miles from the nearest ocean. Salt - from chloride - can also impact groundwater used for drinking. It takes only 1 teaspoon of salt to permanently pollute 5 gallons of water.

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Over 97% of the water on Earth is saltwater.

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Most water in Earth’s atmosphere and crust comes from saline seawater, while fresh water accounts for nearly 1% of the total. The vast bulk of the water on Earth is saline or salt water, with an average salinity of 35‰ (or 3.5%, roughly equivalent to 34 grams of salts in 1 kg of seawater), though this varies slightly according to the amount of runoff received from surrounding land. In all, water from oceans and marginal seas, saline groundwater and water from saline closed lakes amount to over 97% of the water on Earth, though no closed lake stores a globally significant amount of water. Saline groundwater is seldom considered except when evaluating water quality in arid regions.

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Earth is known as the “blue planet” because over 70%of Earth’s surface is covered with water.

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Worldwide, 780 million people do not have access to an improved water source * 2.

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Education and information about global water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), including fast facts and interesting information related to global water.

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2.5% of the Earths water is freshwater, only 1.2% is surface water that we have access to, 31% of that is not locked up in ice or permafrost.

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Where is Earth's Water?

"Water, Water, Everywhere...."
You've heard the phrase, and for water, it really is true. Earth's water is (almost) everywhere: above the Earth in the air and clouds, on the surface of the Earth in , , , , in living organisms, and inside the Earth in the top few miles of the .

For an estimated explanation of where Earth's water exists, look at this bar chart. You may know that the water cycle describes the movement of Earth's water, so realize that the chart and table below represent the presence of Earth's water at a single point in time. If you check back in a million years, no doubt these numbers will be different!

Left bar: All water, freshwater and , on, in, and above the Earth.

Center bar: All freshwater

Right bar: Only the portion of freshwater residing in surface water (rivers and lakes, etc), snow and ice, and relatively-shallow ground water.

Here is a bar chart showing where all water on, in, and above the Earth exists. The left-side bar chart shows how almost all of Earth's water is saline and is found in the oceans. Of the small amount that is actually freshwater, only a relatively small portion is available to sustain human, plant, and animal life.

In the first bar, notice how only 2.5% of Earth's water is freshwater - the amount needed for life to survive.

The middle bar shows the breakdown of freshwater. Almost all of it is locked up in ice and in the ground. Only a little more than 1.2% of all freshwater is surface water, which serves most of life's needs.

The right bar shows the breakdown of surface freshwater. Most of this water is locked up in ice, and another 20.9% is found in lakes. Rivers make up 0.49% of surface freshwater. Although rivers account for only a small amount of freshwater, this is where humans get a large portion of their water.

One estimate of global water distribution Source: Igor Shiklomanov's chapter "World fresh water resources" in Peter H. Gleick (editor), 1993, Water in Crisis: A Guide to the World's Fresh Water Resources (Oxford University Press, New York).
(Percents are rounded, so will not add to 100)

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"Water, Water, Everywhere...." You've heard the phrase, and for water, it really is true. Earth's water is (almost) everywhere: above the Earth in the air and clouds , on the surface of the Earth in , , , , in living organisms, and inside the Earth in the top few miles of the .

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Only 3% of the water on Earth comes from freshwater biomes.

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Seawater, or salt water, is water from a sea or ocean. On average, seawater in the world's oceans has a salinity of about 3.5% This means that every kilogram of seawater has approximately 35 grams of dissolved salts.

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Established the basic structure for regulating pollutant discharges into the waters of the United States.

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The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 was the first major U.S. law to address water pollution. Growing public awareness and concern for controlling water pollution led to sweeping amendments in 1972. As amended in 1972, the law became commonly known as the Clean Water Act (CWA).

The 1972 amendments:

Established the basic structure for regulating pollutant discharges into the waters of the United States.

Gave EPA the authority to implement pollution control programs such as setting wastewater standards for industry.

Maintained existing requirements to set water quality standards for all contaminants in surface waters.

Made it unlawful for any person to discharge any pollutant from a point source into navigable waters, unless a permit was obtained under its provisions.

Funded the construction of sewage treatment plants under the construction grants program.

Recognized the need for planning to address the critical problems posed by nonpoint source pollution.

Subsequent amendments modified some of the earlier CWA provisions. Revisions in 1981 streamlined the municipal construction grants process, improving the capabilities of treatment plants built under the program. Changes in 1987 phased out the construction grants program, replacing it with the State Water Pollution Control Revolving Fund, more commonly known as the Clean Water State Revolving Fund. This new funding strategy addressed water quality needs by building on EPA-state partnerships.

Over the years, many other laws have changed parts of the Clean Water Act. Title I of the Great Lakes Critical Programs Act of 1990, for example, put into place parts of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement of 1978, signed by the U.S. and Canada, where the two nations agreed to reduce certain toxic pollutants in the Great Lakes. That law required EPA to establish water quality criteria for the Great Lakes addressing 29 toxic pollutants with maximum levels that are safe for humans, wildlife, and aquatic life. It also required EPA to help the States implement the criteria on a specific schedule.

Read more: EPA's Summary of the Clean Water Act.

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services for citizens > environmental management > pollution prevention & control > manage water quality

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support delivery of services > public affairs > official information dissemination > public information & outreach > provide public information

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The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 was the first major U.S. law to address water pollution. As amended in 1972, the law became commonly known as the Clean Water Act (CWA).

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Seawater, or salt water, is water from a sea or ocean. On average, seawater in the world's oceans has a salinity of about 3.5% This means that every kilogram of seawater has approximately 35 grams of dissolved salts.Wikipedia

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1 in 9 don't have clean water close to home.

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Statistics can look stark. More than one in five people on the planet don't have a decent toilet of their own. One in ten don't have clean water close to home.

But thanks to your incredible support, we've already reached millions of people in some of the toughest places in the world. We can't stop there.

By working together, we can reach everyone, everywhere within a generation - and change millions more lives for good.

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Clean water, decent toilets and good hygiene are vital for living a dignified, healthy life.

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https://www.fix.com/blog/water-conservation-101/https://www.fix.com/blog/water-conservation-101/

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Most of the remaining freshwater is locked up in glaciers/ice caps.

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http://downtoearth.danone.com/2013/08/13/infographic-facts-about-the-global-water-crisis/http://downtoearth.danone.com/2013/08/13/infographic-facts-about-the-global-water-crisis/

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every 90 seconds a child dies from a water-related disease

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The power of water

Water connects every aspect of life. Access to safe water and sanitation can quickly turn problems into potential - empowering people with time for school and work, and contributing to improved health for women, children, and families around the world.

Today, 2.2 billion people - 1 in 4 - lack access to safe water and 3.5 billion people - 2 in 5 - lack access to a safe toilet. These are the people we empower.
Learn more about the global water crisis > Learn more about the global sanitation crisis >

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The Water Crisis: Shortage, Problems & Solutions | Water.org

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Explore the global water crisis, water shortage, and lack of water affecting billions. Learn how Water.org is tackling these water problems to transform lives.

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70% of the world is covered in salt water. This makes salt water ecosystems the largest on earth.

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Only 2.5% of the Earths water is freshwater

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Access to clean water-
2.1 billion people lack access to safe ready to use water in there homes and 4.5 billion lack safely managed sanitation. As a result, every year 361,000 children under 5 years old die because of diarrhoea. Poor sanitation and contaminated water also link to the transmitting of diseases such as cholera, dysentery, hepatitis A, and typhoid.

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Overview

Safe and readily available water is important for public health, whether it is used for drinking, domestic use, food production or recreational purposes. Improved water supply and sanitation, and better management of water resources, can boost countries' economic growth and can contribute greatly to poverty reduction.

In 2010, the UN General Assembly explicitly recognized the human right to water and sanitation. Everyone has the right to sufficient, continuous, safe, acceptable, physically accessible and affordable water for personal and domestic use.

Drinking-water services

Sustainable Development Goal target 6.1 calls for universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water. The target is tracked with the indicator of "safely managed drinking water services" - drinking water from an improved water source that is located on premises, available when needed, and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination.

In 2020, 5.8 billion people used safely managed drinking-water services - that is, they used improved water sources located on premises, available when needed, and free from contamination. The remaining 2 billion people without safely managed services in 2020 included:

1.2 billion people with basic services, meaning an improved water source located within a round trip of 30 minutes;

282 million people with limited services, or an improved water source requiring more than 30 minutes to collect water;

368 million people taking water from unprotected wells and springs; and

122 million people collecting untreated surface water from lakes, ponds, rivers and streams.

Sharp geographic, sociocultural and economic inequalities persist, not only between rural and urban areas but also in towns and cities where people living in low-income, informal or illegal settlements usually have less access to improved sources of drinking-water than other residents.

Water and health

Contaminated water and poor sanitation are linked to transmission of diseases such as cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid and polio. Absent, inadequate, or inappropriately managed water and sanitation services expose individuals to preventable health risks. This is particularly the case in health care facilities where both patients and staff are placed at additional risk of infection and disease when water, sanitation and hygiene services are lacking. Globally, 15% of patients develop an infection during a hospital stay, with the proportion much greater in low-income countries.

Inadequate management of urban, industrial and agricultural wastewater means the drinking-water of hundreds of millions of people is dangerously contaminated or chemically polluted. Natural presence of chemicals, particularly in groundwater, can also be of health significance, including arsenic and fluoride, while other chemicals, such as lead, may be elevated in drinking-water as a result of leaching from water supply components in contact with drinking-water.

Some 829 000 people are estimated to die each year from diarrhoea as a result of unsafe drinking-water, sanitation and hand hygiene. Yet diarrhoea is largely preventable, and the deaths of 297 000 children aged under 5 years could be avoided each year if these risk factors were addressed. Where water is not readily available, people may decide handwashing is not a priority, thereby adding to the likelihood of diarrhoea and other diseases.

Diarrhoea is the most widely known disease linked to contaminated food and water but there are other hazards. In 2017, over 220 million people required preventative treatment for schistosomiasis - an acute and chronic disease caused by parasitic worms contracted through exposure to infested water.

In many parts of the world, insects that live or breed in water carry and transmit diseases such as dengue fever. Some of these insects, known as vectors, breed in clean, rather than dirty water, and household drinking water containers can serve as breeding grounds. The simple intervention of covering water storage containers can reduce vector breeding and may also reduce faecal contamination of water at the household level.

Economic and social effects

When water comes from improved and more accessible sources, people spend less time and effort physically collecting it, meaning they can be productive in other ways. This can also result in greater personal safety and reducing musculoskeletal disorders by reducing the need to make long or risky journeys to collect and carry water. Better water sources also mean less expenditure on health, as people are less likely to fall ill and incur medical costs and are better able to remain economically productive.

With children particularly at risk from water-related diseases, access to improved sources of water can result in better health, and therefore better school attendance, with positive longer-term consequences for their lives.

Challenges

Historical rates of progress would need to double for the world to achieve universal coverage with basic drinking water services by 2030. To achieve universal safely managed services, rates would need to quadruple. Climate change, increasing water scarcity, population growth, demographic changes and urbanization already pose challenges for water supply systems. Over 2 billion people live in water-stressed countries, which is expected to be exacerbated in some regions as result of climate change and population growth. Re-use of wastewater to recover water, nutrients or energy is becoming an important strategy. Increasingly countries are using wastewater for irrigation; in developing countries this represents 7% of irrigated land. While this practice if done inappropriately poses health risks, safe management of wastewater can yield multiple benefits, including increased food production.

Options for water sources used for drinking-water and irrigation will continue to evolve, with an increasing reliance on groundwater and alternative sources, including wastewater. Climate change will lead to greater fluctuations in harvested rainwater. Management of all water resources will need to be improved to ensure provision and quality.

WHO's response

As the international authority on public health and water quality, WHO leads global efforts to prevent water-related disease, advising governments on the development of health-based targets and regulations.

WHO produces a series of water quality guidelines, including on drinking-water, safe use of wastewater, and recreational water quality. The water quality guidelines are based on managing risks, and since 2004 the Guidelines for drinking-water quality promote the Framework for safe drinking-water. The Framework recommends establishment of health-based targets, the development and implementation of water safety plans by water suppliers to most effectively identify and manage risks from catchment to consumer, and independent surveillance to ensure that water safety plans are effective and health-based targets are being met.

The drinking-water guidelines are supported by background publications that provide the technical basis for the Guidelines recommendations. WHO also supports countries to implement the drinking-water quality guidelines through the development of practical guidance materials and provision of direct country support. This includes the development of locally relevant drinking-water quality regulations aligned to the principles in the Guidelines, the development, implementation and auditing of water safety plans and strengthening of surveillance practices.

Since 2014, WHO has been testing household water treatment products against WHO health-based performance criteria through the WHO International Scheme to Evaluate Household Water Treatment Technologies. The aim of the scheme is to ensure that products protect users from the pathogens that cause diarrhoeal disease and to strengthen policy, regulatory and monitoring mechanisms at the national level to support appropriate targeting and consistent and correct use of such products.

WHO works closely with UNICEF in a number of areas concerning water and health, including on water, sanitation, and hygiene in health care facilities. In 2015 the two agencies jointly developed WASH FIT (Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool), an adaptation of the water safety plan approach. WASH FIT aims to guide small, primary health care facilities in low- and middle-income settings through a continuous cycle of improvement through assessments, prioritization of risk, and definition of specific, targeted actions. A 2019 report describes practical steps that countries can take to improve water, sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities.

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Safe and readily available water is important for public health, whether it is used for drinking, domestic use, food production or recreational purposes. Improved water supply and sanitation, and better management of water resources, can boost countries' economic growth and can contribute greatly to poverty reduction.

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Freshwater vs. saltwater

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https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=FFhrwmy6Yb0https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=FFhrwmy6Yb0

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Israel sonju

(-normal water is water that is stuff you can drink-)

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The total volume of water on earth is estimated at 1.386 billion times

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1 million people killed by clean water, sanitation and hygiene-related disease each year.

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That's where Water.org comes in. Water.org offers smart solutions that break down the financial barriers between people living in poverty and access to safe water and sanitation.

Our solutions are working! Today more than 60 million people around the world can turn on a tap or safely use a toilet because small, affordable loans empowered them to get access to safe water and sanitation at home.

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Water.org: A Global Charity for Water & Sanitation

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Water.org, founded by Gary White and Matt Damon, provides access to safe water and sanitation solutions. Support us by donating, fundraising, and exploring our initiatives.

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1 in 9 people lack access to safe water

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The power of water

Water connects every aspect of life. Access to safe water and sanitation can quickly turn problems into potential - empowering people with time for school and work, and contributing to improved health for women, children, and families around the world.

Today, 2.2 billion people - 1 in 4 - lack access to safe water and 3.5 billion people - 2 in 5 - lack access to a safe toilet. These are the people we empower.
Learn more about the global water crisis > Learn more about the global sanitation crisis >

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The Water Crisis: Shortage, Problems & Solutions | Water.org

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Explore the global water crisis, water shortage, and lack of water affecting billions. Learn how Water.org is tackling these water problems to transform lives.

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(- Fresh Water vs. Salt Water -)
1. According to http://www.food-info.net/uk/qa/qa-wat06.htm, salt water can be found all over the Earth, and covers more than 97% of it. While a little less than 1% of it is covered in fresh water.

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https://www.good.is/infographics/infographic-lack-of-clean-water-access-worldwidehttps://www.good.is/infographics/infographic-lack-of-clean-water-access-worldwide

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(Access to clean water)
884 million people in the world lack acces to safe water supplies.
More than 840,000 people die each year from water related diseases.
More than 80% of sewage in developing countries is discharged untreated, polluting rivers lakes and coastal areas.

https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-water-developing-world