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Red, green and blue are the additive primary colors of the color spectrum. Combining balanced amounts of red, green and blue lights also produces pure white. By varying the amount of red, green and blue light, all of the colors in the visible spectrum can be produced. Considered to be part of the brain itself, the retina is covered by millions of light-sensitive cells, some shaped like rods and some like cones. These receptors process the light into nerve impulses and pass them along to the cortex of the brain via the optic nerve. Cones are concentrated in the middle of the retina, with fewer on the periphery. Six million cones in each eye transmit the higher levels of light intensity that create the sensation of color and visual sharpness. There are three types of cone-shaped cells, each sensitive to the long, medium or short wavelengths of light. These cells, working in combination with connecting nerve cells, give the brain enough information to interpret and name colors. The human eye can perceive more variations in warmer colors than cooler ones. This is because almost 2/3 of the cones process the longer light wavelengths (reds, oranges and yellows).

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The mechanism of energy transport through a medium involves the absorption and reemission of the wave energy by the atoms of the material. When an electromagnetic wave impinges upon the atoms of a material, the energy of that wave is absorbed. The absorption of energy causes the electrons within the atoms to undergo vibrations. After a short period of vibrational motion, the vibrating electrons create a new electromagnetic wave with the same frequency as the first electromagnetic wave. While these vibrations occur for only a very short time, they delay the motion of the wave through the medium. Once the energy of the electromagnetic wave is reemitted by an atom, it travels through a small region of space between atoms. Once it reaches the next atom, the electromagnetic wave is absorbed, transformed into electron vibrations and then remitted as an electromagnetic wave.

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WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MARGINAL RAYS AND PARALLAX RAYS?

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WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MARGINAL RAYS AND PARALLAX RAYS?

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The difference between them is the answer to the concept why concave mirror converge and convex mirror diverge the rays of light. One moves too close to the principal axis while the other contacts the surface of mirror far from principal axis.

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Generally, electromagnetic radiation is classified by wavelength into radio wave, microwave, terahertz (or sub-millimeter) radiation, infrared, the visible region that is perceived as light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays. The behavior of EM radiation depends on its wavelength.

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While there are numerous names for types of light rays, the most common ones are incident rays, reflected rays, and refracted rays. Incident rays are the rays that approach and hit a particular surface -- they are said to be 'incident' on the surface. Reflected rays are what you get if the surface is in some way reflective, such as in the case of a mirror. The ray that bounces off the surface at an angle is known as the reflected ray. Refracted rays are when the light goes through the surface, bending due to the change of material or medium.

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Visible light is the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum also contains things we cannot see. On the red side of the spectrum, there are radio waves, microwaves, and infrared. On the blue side, there are ultraviolet waves, x-rays and gamma rays. In physics, a light ray is an idealized model of light, which is drawn as a straight line. Light can more realistically be considered as a wave, with peaks and troughs. But, if you draw a line that goes at 90 degrees to those peaks and troughs, you get a ray pointing in the direction the energy is flowing. Light rays allow us to draw clear diagrams showing the motion of light, including reflection (like bouncing off mirrors) and refraction (the bending of light when moving from one transparent material to another). This is called ray tracing. Ray tracing is useful for modeling things like reflection, refraction, and shadows. However, certain effects, such as interference and diffraction, can only be understood by looking at light as a wave. This is because they involve peaks and troughs creating light areas and dark areas. Trying to show interference and diffraction is a limitation of using rays.

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Electromagnetic waves are waves which can travel through the vacuum of outer space. Mechanical waves, unlike electromagnetic waves, require the presence of a material medium in order to transport their energy from one location to another. Sound waves are examples of mechanical waves while light waves are examples of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are created by the vibration of an electric charge. This vibration creates a wave which has both an electric and a magnetic component.