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An electron transport chain is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons across a membrane. This creates a chemical proton gradient that drives the synthesis of ATP, a molecule that stores energy chemically in the form of highly strained bonds. The molecules of the chain include peptides, enzymes, and others. The final form of electrons in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration is molecular oxygen although a variety of form other than oxygen such as sulfate exist in anaerobic respiration.

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The Krebs cycle is a biochemical pathway that uses the acetyl-CoA molecules from the bridge reaction to produce hydrogen atoms, ATP, carbon dioxide. This set of reactions occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria.

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Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism. Most living organisms carry out glycolysis as part of their metabolism. The process does not use oxygen, and can thus take place under anaerobic conditions.

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Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

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What role do photosynthesis and cellular respiration play in the recycling of carbon?

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What role do photosynthesis and cellular respiration play in the recycling of carbon?

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While photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, cellular respiration requires oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. It is the released oxygen that is used by us and most other organisms for cellular respiration. The carbon cycle is the pathways through which carbon is recycled in the biosphere.

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How is energy transformed and matter utilized by living things?

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How is energy transformed and matter utilized by living things?

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It transform by using cycle with plant releasing oxygen and us releasing carbon dioxide.

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If cells can produce chemical energy in an anaerobic environment, why do we need oxygen?

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If cells can produce chemical energy in an anaerobic environment, why do we need oxygen?

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Much less energy is released during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration. This is because the breakdown of glucose is incomplete. Anaerobic respiration produces an oxygen debt. This is the amount of oxygen needed to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water.

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What role does photosynthesis play in altering Earth's atmosphere?

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What role does photosynthesis play in altering Earth's atmosphere?

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It affects by taking in our carbon dioxide and letting out oxygen for us to breathe in.

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How are photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration related to one another in the biosphere?

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How are photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration related to one another in the biosphere?

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Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration to make ATP. The glucose is then turned back into carbon dioxide, which is used in photosynthesis. While water is broken down to form oxygen during photosynthesis, in cellular respiration oxygen is combined with hydrogen to form water.

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How do the products of photosynthesis become amino acids?

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How do the products of photosynthesis become amino acids?

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It photosynthesize molecules and turn it into amino acids.

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The structure of the major Biomolecules.

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The structure of the major Biomolecules.

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More on protein structure can be found at this blog post. Nucleic acids are the second type of biomolecules that we will discuss. These molecules are responsible for all of our genetic information. You are probably very familiar with DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA) and RiboNucleic Acid (RNA).

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Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphate, and Sulfur are elements that are commonly found in human bodies.

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Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids.

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Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids.

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Many of these components of the cell are made up of macromolecules, which simply means large molecules formed by linking together small molecules. The major macromolecules within the cell include proteins, nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, carbohydrates, and lipids.

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How much energy is transfered at each level?

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How much energy is transfered at each level?

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Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level.

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Amount of energy that is available at each level.

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Amount of energy that is available at each level.

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The percentage for Primary Producer is %100. Primary Consumer is %10. Secondary Consumer is %1. Next is Third Level Consumers which is %.1. The last one is Apex Consumers having %.01.

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An organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

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Sheep, horses, rabbits and snails are well known examples of herbivores which eat grass and leaves. A parrot, however, which eats fruits and nuts can also be called a herbivore. Omnivores eat both plants and meat. Chickens are omnivores.

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A heterotroph is known as a consumer in the food chain. Consumers are organisms that cannot make their own food supply. They use the food that producers make, or they eat other organisms. Animals are consumers.

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An autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals.

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The low rate of energy transfer between trophic levels makes decomposers generally more important than producers in terms of energy flow. Decomposers process large amounts of organic material and return nutrients to the ecosystem in inorganic form, which are then taken up again by primary producers.

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CO2 are known as carbon dioxide and are let out by living organism such like human.

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Products of Photosynthesis = Reactants of Cellular Respiration 

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Products of Photosynthesis = Reactants of Cellular Respiration 

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Most of the steps of cellular respiration take place in the mitochondria. Oxygen and glucose are both reactants in the process of cellular respiration. The main product of cellular respiration is ATP; waste products include carbon dioxide and water.

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The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons because they cancel out the effect of each other.

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E is the energy, m is the mass of the system, and c is speed of light in vacuum.

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The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it transforms from one form to another.

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The law of conservation of mass or principle of mass conservation states that for any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time, as system mass cannot change quantity if it is not added or removed.

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Plants use the energy that ATP and NADPH contain to build high-energy compounds that can be stored for a long time.

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How is light energy turn into chemical energy?

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How is light energy turn into chemical energy?

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Light energy is converted into chemical energy by the pigments in the chloroplast.

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Light-Dependent Cycle use light energy to make ATP and NADPH which are used in light-independent reactions and to power up the sugar molecules.

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Chloroplast carries out energy using chemical organism like mitochondria. They have a high permeable outer membrane and less permeable inner membrane.

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6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2.

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Reactant and Products of Photosynthesis.

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Reactant and Products of Photosynthesis.

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The photosynthesis need carbon dioxide for reactant and turn it into oxygen for the product

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A process in which plant and other organism used light energy and turn it into chemical energy for different organism.