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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bspEppQyJqI

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The common dessert amongst the Roman Empire were fruit platters. However, many also had a small cake that was made with honey. The romans did not use sugar or butter, severely limiting their dessert choices. Although they had limited options, this did not stop the Romans from getting creative. Additionally, they candies from dried fruits, soufflés, pudding, and even cheesecake made from eggs, flour, and honey. Some other Roman Dessert options which were less popular than the ones listed were doughnuts, a Danish pastry called Spira, and another cake called enkythoi.

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Many Romans suffered from lead poisoning. This was due to how the Roman's irrigation system was made up of lead pipings. Causing several Romans to develop lead poisoning

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Roman towns had inns, or cauponaes, and taverns, or popinaes, where citizens could buy prepared meals and enjoy a drink of cheap wine, beer if in a northern province, but they had a good reputation, due too their association with a lack of cleanliness and prostitution, which caused them to be avoided by high class citizens. They were primarily used by lower-middle class citizens.

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Mark Cartwright's take on the Roman dining experience  

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Mark Cartwright's take on the Roman dining experience  

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"The ancient Mediterranean diet revolved around four staples, which, even today, continue to dominate restaurant menus and kitchen tables: cereals, vegetables, olive oil and wine. Seafood, cheese, eggs, meat and many types of fruit were also available to those who could afford it. The Romans were also adept at processing and conserving their food using techniques from pickling to storage in honey. Flavouring food with sauces, herbs and exotic spices was another important element of Roman food preparation. Our knowledge of just what the Romans ate and how has been gathered from texts, wall-paintings and mosaics, and even the remains of the food itself from sites such as Pompeii."

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1.http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/banq/hd_banq.htm
2.http://quatr.us/romans/food/romanfood.htm
3.http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mjw/recipes/ethnic/historical/ant-rom-coll.html
4.http://blogs.getty.edu/iris/reclining-and-dining-and-drinking-in-ancient-rome/
5.http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/romans/family_and_children/
6.http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/ancient/asbook09.asp
7.http://www.ancient.eu/article/684/
8. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2014/04/scienceshot-did-lead-poisoning-bring-down-ancient-rome

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A millet made dish, frequently eaten by the poor 

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A millet made dish, frequently eaten by the poor 

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It was cheap and easy to make

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Ingredients commonly used in Roman Cuisine

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Ingredients commonly used in Roman Cuisine

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1. Caroenum: Boiled must
2. Defritum: Either thick fIg syrup, or must that's boiled until you have only a third of the amount with which you started.
3.Liebstoeckl: In Latin it's called 'levisticum officinale'. It's an umbelliferous plant with yellowish flowers. Its dried roots are used as spice. It seems to be a kind of celery.
4.Liquamen: a salty fish sauce. Most of the time you can replace it by salt.
5.Passum: Very sweet wine sauce, made by boiling the must to thicken it.
6. Poleiminze: A kind of mint that's growing in inundated areas.

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A picture of rich Romans dining from a communal dish of meat and fruit substances

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A picture of rich Romans dining from a communal dish of meat and fruit substances

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The poor ate in a very different way then the rich
They primarily ate millet- a cereal crop that the Roman's had a surplus of
They also ate oats as time went on, but they were rarely ever given any type of fruit or meat .

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Boiler which was used to heat water to be mixed with wine

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"At the Roman banquet, wine was served throughout the meal as an accompaniment to the food. This practice contrasted with that of the Greek deipnon, or main meal, which focused on the consumption of food; wine was reserved for the symposium that followed."

"Typically, the wine was mixed to the guest’s taste and in his own cup, unlike the Greek practice of communal mixing for the entire party in a large krater"

" Like the Greeks, the Romans mixed their wine with water prior to drinking"
(Katharine Raff)

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Initially due to the Rome's position along the Mediterranean, they ate primarily sea food, however, as time went on and the population grew the sea was unable to feed everyone sufficiently. Soon as time went on the Romans started to rely heavily farming and the domestication of animals. This expanded their palette an incredible amount

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The rich ate several types of food, some of which being:
beef, pork, lamb, chicken, and fish, dormice, and snails.
lentils, cucumbers, onions, garlic, and lettuce, fruit like apples and figs, nuts, wheat, cheese, and eggs.
They also ate an immense amount of olive oil and drank an incredible amount of wine
Roman Empire in Egypt and West Asia
Due to the difference in culture, individuals of the Roman society in  Egypt and West Asia many people did not eat pork, some drank beer instead of wine, and ate butter instead of olive oil

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A modern interpretation of how the Romans laid when eating 

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A modern interpretation of how the Romans laid when eating 

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How wealthy you were greatly affected what type of food you ate as well as when you ate it. For poor romans, meat was a luxury and they mostly fed on vegetable soup, porridge, and bread. Additionally, food was much harder to come across, causing them to eat whenever they had the chance, unlike the wealthy class. Most wealthy Romans had kitchens run by slaves and most adopted similar dining schedules. They started the day with a light breakfast and then a snack at mid day which which could have been something like bread, cheese, or a salad. Dinner was ate in late afternoon and contained a starter, a meat course, and then fruit or nuts as dessert after. Additionally, lettuce was served after the conclusion of each meal because Romans believed it helped them sleep.

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Seating arrangements at high status dinner parties 

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Seating arrangements at high status dinner parties 

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As seen below, the lower the couch you are upon the higher your status must be  among your peers. In the dinning experience there were no traditional seats, the individuals all sat on coaches lounging

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A picture of an upper class Roman dinner party

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A picture of an upper class Roman dinner party

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The upper class when eating had several dinner parties among their wealthy friends. When eating they would primarily be in a reclining position, where they could enjoy drink and food. These parties were primarily male oriented, but women of high stature were occasionally invited to partake.