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was an Afghan leader who took over the Mughal Empire after defeating Humayun in 1540. Sher Shah occupied the throne of Delhi for not more than five years, but his reign proved to be a landmark in the Sub-continent. As a king, he has several achievements in his credit. He established an efficient public administration. He set up a revenue collection system based on the measurement of land. Justice was provided to the common man. Numerous civil works were carried out during his short reign; planting of trees, wells and building of Sarai (inns) for travellers was done. Roads were laid; it was under his rule that the Grand Trunk road from Delhi to Kabul was built. The currency was also changed to finely minted silver coins called Dam. However, Sher Shah did not survive long after his accession on the throne and died in 1545 after a short reign of five years.

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This tomb, built in 1570, is of particular cultural significance as it was the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent. It inspired several major architectural innovations, culminating in the construction of the Taj Mahal.

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Babar
•BABUR The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur.

•Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur was born on 14 February 1483: somet imes also spelt Baber or Babar)
•He founded the Mughal Empire after his victories at thei Battle of Panipat (1526) and the Batt le of Khanwa.
•He was a direct descendant of Timur, from the Barlas dan, through his i father, and also a descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother. i
Ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur turned to India i to satisfy his ambitions.
After Babur fel seriously i, Humayun, his eldest son, was summoned from his Jagir. He died at the age of 47 on 26 December 1530, and was succeeded Humayun.

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Akbar (1556-1605):
Humayun's heir, Akbar, was born in exile and was only 13 years old when his father died. Akbar's reign holds a certain prominence in history; he was the ruler who actually fortified the foundations of the Mughal Empire. After a series of conquests, he managed to subdue most of India. Areas not under the empire were designated as tributaries. He also adopted a conciliatory policy towards the Rajputs, hence reducing any threat from them. Akbar was not only a great conqueror, but a capable organizer and a great administrator as well. He set up a host of institutions that proved to be the foundation of an administrative system that operated even in British India. Akbar's rule also stands out due to his liberal policies towards the non-Muslims, his religious innovations, the land revenue system and his famous Mansabdari system. Akbar's Mansabdari system became the basis of Mughal military organization and civil administration.

Akbar died in 1605, nearly 50 years after his ascension to the throne, and was buried outside of Agra at Sikandra. His son Jehangir then assumed the throne.

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https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4WCcQ9k7LP4

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https://youtu.be/20uoBSrsb4Q

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https://youtu.be/gX6CWLM5XU4

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https://youtu.be/NAb4z_WKieM

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. Who was the first Mughal Emperor?
a. Humayun
b. Babur
c. Jahangir
d. None of these

Q.2. Babur defeated whom to capture Delhi and Agra?
a. Genghis Khan
b. Humayun
c. Ibrahim Lodi
d. None of these

Q.3. In which year, Humayun recaptured Delhi?
a. 1552
b. 1553
c. 1554
d. 1555

Q.4. Whom did Aurangzeb insulted?
a. Maharana Pratap
b. Sher Shah
c. Ranjit Singh
d. Shivaji

Q.5. What was the other name of Prince Salim (Akbar’s son)?
a. Shahjahan
b. Jahangir
c. Aurangzeb
d. None of the above

Q.6. What is Ain-i Akbari?
a. First part of Akbar Nama
b. Second part of Akbar Nama
c. Third part of Akbar Nama
d. Fourth part of Akbar Nama

Q.7. What was the other name of Prince Khurram (Jahangir’son)?
a. Shahjahan
b. Jahangir
c. Aurangzeb
d. None of these

Q.8. What was known as the minister-in-charge of religious and charitable patronage?
a. Zamindar
b. Sadr
c. Bakshi
d. Bigot

Q.9. What was the capital of Mirza Hakim Akbar’s half-brother?
a. Kabul
b. Morocco
c. Sind
d. Afghan

Q.10. Nur Jahan was wife of whom?
a. Shahjahan
b. Aurangzeb
c. Jahangir
d. None of these

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https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.wallwisher.Padlet

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Amazing padlet
Quite impressive

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its very good for studies'

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https://youtu.be/gX6CWLM5XU4

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Amazing

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https://quizizz.com/join?gc=3294113&from=challengeFriends

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1. Welfare state is a country where citizens are guaranteed a . healthy standard of living, equal opportunities, full employment and a fair distribution of wealth. Every citizen enjoys social and economic justice in a welfare state.

2. Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines which all governments are expected to follow while making and implementing policies and programmes for the welfare of the people.

3. Special needs are needs that a person has because of mental or physical problems.

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Time To Learn
Fill in the blanks:

1. Directive Principles are given in part _____of the Constitution of India.

2. The state shall endeavour to provide employment to every individual, is a Directive Principle _____________________________.

3. The state shall work for the separation of the executive and judicial powers, is a Directive Principle concerned with _________.

4. Uniform system of civil and criminal laws in the country, is a Directive Principle under ________________.

5. There should be prohibition as to the use of intoxicating drinks and other drugs, is a Directive Principle concerned with ____________________________________.

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III. Tick mark (✓) the correct statements ami cross mark (X) the wrong ones:

1. That the institution of the Panchayati Raj is one of the Directive Principles related to Economic Equality.

2. That the state shall protect ancient monuments, is one of the Directive Principles pertaining to Social Equality and Educational Uplift.

3. That the state shall ensure equal pay for equal work, is one of the Directive Principles relating to Economic Equality.

4. That the state shall always favour and encourage international peace and security through diplomatic channels, is a Directive Principle of administrative importance.

5. Directive Principles get protection from the law courts

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V. Write short notes on the following:

Question 1.
Principles relating to economic equality.
Question 2.
Principles pertaining to social equality and educational
Question 3.
Directive Principles help in the success of a democratic government?

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Additional Questions
(Directive Principles of State Policy)

A. Fill in the blanks:

1. The __________ which all governments are expected to follow for the _________ of the people are known as Directive Principles of State Policy.

2. The Directive Principles contain a list of important and basic __________ and _________ rights which the farmers of the Constitution wanted every Indian to enjoy.

3. To establish economic equality in the country, the government is directed to ensure a _____ and ________ distribution of the ________ and __________  of the country.

4. The government is directed to promote __________industries in villages and prohibit the ___________ of cows and other cattle according to the Gandhian principles.

5. Free and compulsory _______ for all children between 6 and 14 years has been made a Fundamental Right.