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Gas

All matter exists in one of four states - gas, liquid, solid and plasma.

Open a bottle of perfume in one corner of a room, then move to the opposite corner and wait. In only a few minutes, you will be able to smell that perfume. Why is that? Because air is a gas and the perfume molecules into a gas and disperse into the gaseous air. Gases consist of tiny particles or molecules that are really far apart relative to their size. These molecules have so much room to move around that pretty soon the two gases have mixed, and the perfume has spread throughout the room.

Gas is a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape. Gases have low density compared to the same substance in other states. Gases are also able to diffuse easily, as shown in the perfume example.

Liquid

Now look at a bottle of water. What properties do you know about that liquid? You can tell that the liquid takes the shape of the bottle, and you probably know that if you pour the liquid water into a different container, it will take the shape of the new container. You also probably know that no matter how hard you push on the water, you can never change its volume. Whether it is in a tall, narrow bottle or spread out over a table top, liquid has a definite volume, but not a definite shape. Contrast this with gas, which has no definite fixed shape or volume.

In a liquid, the molecules are more tightly packed but can still move and flow past each other. Liquids are able to diffuse and mix with other liquids, but it is a slower mixing than in gases. Another property common to all liquids is surface tension. Surface tension is a force of attraction that keeps molecules on the surface of a liquid together, causing tension. This is why bugs can walk on water.

Solid

Now look at a block of wood. Try to push on it. Have an elephant stand on it. What can you say about it? You can say that this solid block of wood has a definite volume and a definite shape. It doesn't change shape even with the elephant standing on it - unless of course he disintegrates it, but let's pretend this is a baby elephant. These are characteristics of a solid - it has a definite volume and shape. A solid has molecules too, they are just so tightly packed that they have limited movement and are incompressible and hold their volume and shape. In general, substances are most dense in the solid state.

Solids have a definite shape and volume. They also have high densities and are incompressible. Solids do not diffuse well, but they can diffuse. Their diffusion rate is millions of times slower than diffusion in liquids.

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& plasma - video & lesson transcript | study.com

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States of Matter: Solids, Liquids, Gases, & Plasma - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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All matter exists in one of four states - gas, liquid, solid and plasma. Open a bottle of perfume in one corner of a room, then move to the opposite corner and wait. In only a few minutes, you will be able to smell that perfume. Why is that?

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Kinetic molecular theory of gases | Physical Processes | MCAT | Khan Academy

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The five phases of matter are solids, liquids, gas, plasma, and Bose Einstein condensate. Solids are when molecules get grouped up together to prevent or highly restrict moving among particles. Liquids are a group of molecules that are slightly spread out, but still little movement. Gases are a group of molecules that are highly spread out and molecules move freely with little restriction. Plasmas are a group of particles that gets so hot, it allows molecules to grow ions and molecules can move freely. Bose Einstein Condensate is a group of molecules that have movement slowed to stopped altogether, and the molecule's atoms all clump together to form one super atom, rather than a spectrum of other atom connections.

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The kinetic theory of matter states that matter is composed of a large amount of particles individual atoms or molecules that constantly go into motion, the theory has many titles such as kinetic molecular theory of matter or the kinetic theory of gasses

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The Bose Einstein Condensate is a state of matter of a dilute gas cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero. Also can be considered the matter that exists in black holes.

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the lowest temperature that is theoretically possible, at which the motion of particles that constitutes heat would be minimal. It is zero on the Kelvin scale, equivalent to –273.15°C or –459.67°F.

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The kelvin temperature scale, is a scale which has its lowest temperature of zero degrees kelvin which clocks in at a whopping negative two-hundred seventy-three and a fifteenth of a degree Celsius, and a maximum  of one hundred-forty-two octillion degrees. absolute hot aka 1.416785(71)×10 to the 32 and absolute zero is zero kelvin.