# data[].attributes.body
from sociology 1b

# data[].attributes.body
Facts versus media misinformation om media violence. Example.. how those who have done shootings in US schools are labelled as 'weird computer kids'

# data[].attributes.body
useful article for stats including youth/adult comparison

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Meanwhile, instant messaging use has leapt from 38pc of mobile phone users in 2013 to 42pc in 2014, driven by services such as WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger.

More people are also watching TV and films online. A quarter of internet users regularly catch up on programmes online, compared to one in ten in 2007. This rises to 39pc of 16-24 year olds, up from 21pc in 2007. However, TV is still an important method of consumption for many. When asked which device they would miss the most, almost four in ten adults said they would feel most lost without a television.

"New technologies are opening up a myriad of other possibilities for young people. It's not just watching content - they're messaging friends, texting at the same time. Inevitably, as the younger generation gets older and they set up their own home, TV viewing consumption will be affected," said Toby Syfret, a tv analyst at media research firm Enders Analysis.

"However, a 40-inch television screen offers quality you can't get from a tablet or smartphone. So televisions are never going to become unimportant. But viewing habits are changing as people become more comfortable with catch-up and on demand services."

The mobile phone is now the primary device used for gaming with a quarter of mobile users playing games at least once a week, compared to 17pc playing on games consoles, the report said.

With this, social media has also become popular among all age brackets. Some 80pc of internet users aged between 35 and 44 are now on social media, up from just 12pc in 2007.

In total, the use of social media has tripled since 2007, when Ofcom first asked people about their social media habits. Nearly three quarters of internet users aged 16 and above say they have a social media profile, compared to 22pc in 2007.

Four in five social media users log into these websites or apps - which include Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram or Tumblr - at least once a day, up from 30pc in 2007.

Almost 70pc of internet users say they feel comfortable giving away personal information on the internet, including their home address, and a quarter say they don't read website terms and conditions or privacy statements at all. Two-thirds of internet users use the same passwords for

most or all websites. However, people are becoming more privacy conscious in general. Six in ten Facebook users say they have changed their privacy settings to make them more private, while seven in ten say they only share their photos with friends.

The report comes after the European Commission announced a wide-ranging investigation of the role websites such as Amazon, Facebook and Google play online and whether competition rules should be tightened in response.

The aim is to build a unified regulatory framework for the internet across the continent, with the aim of redressing the balance that has seen US tech giants dominate the online world.

Among other reforms, the Commission hopes to break down barriers to accessing on-demand content across borders, making services like Netflix, BBC iPlayer and Sky Go available to everyone, regardless of which EU country they're in.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Teenagers spend 27 hours a week online: how internet use has ballooned in the last decade

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Meanwhile, instant messaging use has leapt from 38pc of mobile phone users in 2013 to 42pc in 2014, driven by services such as WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger. More people are also watching TV and films online. A quarter of internet users regularly catch up on programmes online, compared to one in ten in 2007.

# data[].attributes.body
youth identity and digital media. Book available Jstor**

# data[].attributes.body
managing youth transitions in a networked society

# data[].attributes.body
Margaret Petrie article

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Twin Design / Shutterstock.com
In this blog, Brayan Herrera, a year 12 student who has been on placement with Mental Health Foundations Policy and Research team from Haggerston School, East London, as part of the Inspire Initiative, discusses the positive and negative impacts of social media on young peoples mental health.
Social media has dramatically changed the way we communicate. We no longer need to wait for newspaper updates, but rather learn from those on our social media feeds about the issues that are most important or appealing to us.

Even more importantly, social media has proven its power in motivating people to action as well as a strong resource to influence social, political and economic policies.

Social media is a powerful tool for young people; it provides a platform for our voices to be heard and enables us to become active citizens and to voice our opinions on the matters that affect or interest us. It also has the power to bring together voices of concern about particular issues - for example when Rachel Beckwith's birthday wish came true and she was able to raise $1,265,823 to help young children in Africa to have clean water: she was able to raise awareness and convince people to donate to the charity.

This shows the real benefits of social media as it allowed the distribution of an idea that was then recognised by new audiences that might otherwise have missed out. Social media, as well as the internet more broadly, has helped young people to explore new ideas as well as to build resilience as they learn to recognise and manage risks.

While social media can offer many benefits to society, and to young people more specifically, it can be argued that it has also transformed our culture into one of over-sharing. We should ask the question, what impact does this have on our mental health?

Nowadays, we only look at how many pictures we can post or what is the next thing we should post but we don't look at the effect of social media on our mental health. Taking Facebook and Instagram as examples, they allow us to present our own filtered sense of reality, showing only what we want to show.

This can lead to a person critically comparing their life with other people's and using others' posts as measures for successes and failures in their own life. The impact of this could be catastrophic feelings of low self-esteem, resulting in negative 'I am' statements, such as 'I will never be able to be like that person', or 'I could never do that'.

Low self-esteem is not the only result of the high level of social media use. There has also been a study conducted by psychologist Dr Paula Durlofsky, which was done with the aim of digging into how to establish a healthy balance between real-time relationships and virtual connections. This study demonstrated a correlation between social media use and depression.

Body dysmorphia is another area, which has been affected by social media. A study conducted by Dr Bryony Bamford indicated that high amounts of time spent on Facebook may lead to body image insecurity, which can also lead to depression.

So are you being adversely affected by social media? Here are some signs to look out for:

Low self-esteem.

Feeling low when you see other people's images and lifestyle.

Envy of others people lives - wishing your life was like someone else's.

Finding social media as your first and only choice of activity done for enjoyment.

Not having as many face to face conversations with your relatives and friends and feeling disconnected.

Being unable to do anything without feeling you need to share it online.

If you think your mental health is being affected by social media, below are three examples of the available support.

Ditch the Label is one of the largest and most ambitious anti-bullying charities, which provides inno-vative support (emotional, psychological and physical) to those who have been affected by bullying through digital and non-digital environment. In addition to this, the website offers world class pio-neering research to keep up to date with the landscape of bullying and tackles wider societal issues that stem from discrimination and prejudice.

Aye Mind is a leading UK mental health charity that campaigns for local and national improvements to mental health. It is founded on the premise that social media, and the media more broadly speaking, offer great potential with regards to improving the nation's mental health. Aye Mind works closely with the NHS in order to address mental health challenges across society.

The Mental Health Foundation offers a range of self-help guides to inform and encourage a greater understanding of mental health challenges, as well as an A-Z guide of mental health.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Social media and young people's mental health

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Twin Design / Shutterstock.com In this blog, Brayan Herrera, a year 12 student who has been on placement with Mental Health Foundations Policy and Research team from Haggerston School, East London, as part of the Inspire Initiative, discusses the positive and negative impacts of social media on young peoples mental health.

# data[].attributes.body
Regarding funding cuts

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Funding of £80m will be given to youth projects in England, Theresa May has announced.

The prime minister said groups in disadvantaged areas would be able to bid for the grants, for projects such as sports, drama and voluntary work.

Mrs May said the investment was the latest stage of her drive to create what she calls a "great meritocracy".

Labour said it welcomed the move but claimed it followed years of cuts to such services.

The initiative will be funded by the government and the National Lottery with grants to be distributed via the Youth Investment Fund and the Step Up To Serve #iwill social action campaign.

It is part of the prime minister's so-called social reform agenda which launched last week with her plans to revolutionise the education system and bring back grammar schools.

Mrs May has pledged to ensure young people are selected based on their abilities and talents rather than their social background.

"I want Britain to be the great meritocracy of the world and a fundamental part of this is ensuring all young people get the best possible start in life," she said.

"This new funding demonstrates our commitment, and will be a huge boost for youth groups across the country - giving young people, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds, the opportunity to gain the experiences and skills they need to succeed in life.

"This is all part of our determination to build a country that works for everyone and ensure that young people can go as far as their talents allow, regardless of their backgrounds."

'Savage cuts'

The announcement comes after a report by Unison claimed youth services across the UK were heading for collapse.

The report, published last month, said since 2012 some 600 youth centres have shut, 3,650 youth staff lost their jobs, and 139,000 youth places been axed because of council cutbacks.

It said an estimated £387m had been cut from youth service budgets since 2010, adding there was "more of the same for youth services in the years to come" with those most in need being left without support.

Big Lottery Fund chief executive Dawn Austwick said the £80m would "help build a stronger, more sustainable and more responsive youth sector across England, centred on the ambitions of those it benefits most".

But Labour said while it welcomed any new money, Mrs May had been part a government that implemented "savage cuts" to local authorities, closed hundreds of Sure Start Centres and devastated youth services.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Funding of £80m will be given to youth projects in England, Theresa May has announced. The prime minister said groups in disadvantaged areas would be able to bid for the grants, for projects such as sports, drama and voluntary work. Mrs May said the investment was the latest stage of her drive to create what she calls a "great meritocracy".

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
​Dona Milne on how insights gained from the research study Growing Up in Scotland can help shed light on the impact of youth work

The key ambition within the National Youth Work Strategy is that all young people in every part of Scotland should have access to high-quality and effective youth work practice. Part of achieving this is recognising the value and impact of youth work for young people. This prompted the formation of the Scottish Youth Work Research Steering Group. The group is made up of youth work practitioners, academics and leaders from within the youth work sector. Recently the group have been working with the Growing Up in Scotland team to see if they can help us look at the impact of youth work.

Growing Up in Scotland (GUS) is the longitudinal research study tracking the lives of children and their families in Scotland. Thousands of children and young people have taken part in the survey since birth. This year the eldest cohort started S1 whilst members of the younger cohort are aged 8.

Using the findings from GUS could give us an insight into which young people are accessing youth work, in which form- and most importantly, the outcomes of youth work

The information generated from GUS is used by academics, parents, the voluntary sector and, importantly, decision makers. For the Scottish Youth Work Research Steering Group, using the findings from GUS could give us an insight into which young people are accessing youth work, in which form and what the outcomes of youth work are.

Whilst most youth work organisations will have a ton of stories about the impact of youth work on young people they work with, it is difficult and costly to track the outcomes of youth work on a national scale. Working with the GUS team gives us that option. There are two ways we are working with GUS. The first is to analyse the findings from previous surveys and the second to shape future sweeps of the survey.

Over the summer months the group looked at the information gathered from the last questionnaire around young people's participation in out of school activities. It was really encouraging to find a large majority of young people reported taking part in out of school activities (over 80%).

The findings could be used to track the routes into participation in youth work and may point to groups of young people who are excluded from taking part. Some of the most important factors that indicated whether a young person was participating in out of school activities were the levels of parental education, family income and child health. Those young people from families with degree level of parental education, high family income and very good child health were more likely to participate in out of school activities.

The most common barriers cited by those who do not participate in any out of school activities were that the young person does not want to participate, it was impractical for the parents, the activity was not available or too expensive, and the young person's disability or personality. Although further examination of this is required, the sector must self-assess how their youth work service is truly open for all.

This analysis is the first step to creating a Scotland-wide picture of the impact of youth work on young people.
Dona Milne is chair of the Scottish Youth Work Research Steering Group.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
third sector scotland charity charities voluntary news

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
​Dona Milne on how insights gained from the research study Growing Up in Scotland can help shed light on the impact of youth work The key ambition within the National Youth Work Strategy is that all young people in every part of Scotland should have access to high-quality and effective youth work practice.

# data[].attributes.body
Scott, John
class and stratification