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Significance: Sir Frances Drake effectively ended Spanish Dominance over the seas and the New World. This allowed England to become a global empire. He was also the second person ever and first Englishman ever to circumnavigate the world.
From: Tavistock, United Kingdom

Citation:
Sir Francis Drake. November 9 2009. Sir Francis Drake, by History.com Editors , A&E Television Networks, 9 Nov. 2009, history.com.

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Significance: Christopher Columbus was a very good navigator and explorer during the Age of Discovery. His voyages revealed two continents new to Europeans and started a period of rapid colonization, exploration, and exploitation in the Americas.
From: Genoa, Italy

Citation:
Christopher Columbus. November 9 2009. Christopher Columbus, by History.com Editors, A&E Television Networks, 9 Nov. 2009, history.com.

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Significance: Francisco Pizarro was a soldier, explorer, and conquistador known for conquering the Incas and executing their leader, Atahualpa. He served on the 1513 expedition of Vasco Núñez de Balboa, where he discovered The Pacific Ocean.
From: Trujillo, Spain

Citation:
Francisco Pizarro. "Francisco Pizarro," by History.com Editors. history.com, A&E Television Networks, 24 Oct. 2019, history.com.

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Significance: Vasco Da Gama was the first European man to find an ocean trading route to India, which many explorers before him attempted, yet failed to do. This discovery allowed Asia and Africa to thrive with an increase in global trade
From: Sines, Portugal

Citation:
Vasco da Gama. December 18 2009. Vasco da Gama, by History.com Editors, A&E Television Networks, 18 Dec. 2009, history.com.

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Significance: Hernan Cortes was a Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec empire in 1519, and claimed Mexico as a part of Spain. Cortes is also known for helping to colonize Cuba and became the governor of New Spain.
From: Medellin, Spain

Citation:
Hernan Cortes. November 9, 2009. Hernan Cortes, by History.com Editors, A&E Television Networks, 9 Nov. 2009, history.com.

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Date: May 14, 1607
People involved: 104 English men and boys
Significance: Jamestown was the first successful permanent English settlement in the present day US. King James I sent over 104 men and boys from Europe to colonize in America. Jamestown was the capital for many years, and thrived during the 1600's.

Citation:
Jamestown Colony. March 8 2010. Jamestown Colony, by History.com Editors, A&E Television Networks, 8 Mar. 2010, history.com.

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Jamestown Colony - Facts, Founding, Pocahontas

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The Jamestown Colony was the first permanent English settlement in North America. It was founded on the banks of Virginia’s James River in 1607.

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Date: October 12th, 1492
People involved: Columbus and his crew
Significance: Columbus's initial goal was to find riches and conquer new lands. With Columbus reaching America, he established permanent contact between American and the "Old World" of Europe and Africa.

Citation:
Columbus reaches the "New World". November 24 2009. Columbus reaches the "New World", by History.com Editors, A&E Television Networks, 24 Nov. 2009, history.com.

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Date: November 16th, 1532
People involved: Pizarro, his brothers, and their native allies
Significance: The Spanish and Incas would have continued fighting after  Atahualpa had died. Pizarro's big victory of conquering the Inca ended all fighting between the Spanish and Incas and ended the Inca Empire totally. The conquer also started the beginning of the European colonization of South America.

Citation:
Francisco Pizarro traps Incan emperor Atahualpa. November 16 2009. Francisco Pizarro traps Incan emperor Atahualpa, by History.com Editors, A&E Television Networks, 16 Nov. 2009, history.com.

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Date: February, 1519
people involved: Other Spanish conquistadors under Cortes's command allied with other local tribes and conquered the empire
Significance: Conquering the empire had mostly positive effects. it allowed the empire to be introduced to domestics animals, foods, spices and other ways of living. The conquering also ended the Aztecs practice of human sacrifice.

Citation:
Aztec capital falls to Cortés. February 9 2010. Aztec capital falls to Cortés, by History.com Editors, A&E Television Networks, 9 Feb. 2010, history.com.

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Causes:
* Early on Portuguese ships were already transporting Africans for use as slaves
* Spain and Portugal began establishing colonies in the New World
* Later on Britain, France, and Holland established colonies in the New World

* The triangular trade had 3 stages, the first stage started in Europe where goods were loaded onto ships to exchange for enslaved people, the second stage was known as the transatlantic stage where the enslaved people were shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and in the last stage plantation crops and other products were shipped to Europe

Effects:
* The slave trade had huge negative effects in Africa
* An atmosphere of now laws and violence was created
* The depopulation made economic and agricultural development nearly impossible
* Young women and men who would be the ones starting families were taken and the elderly and disabled were left behind
* The slave trade did have some positive effects in wealth for some people
* Laws were made and enforced to stop the slave trade

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Causes:
* Europeans wanted to find more sea routes in the Far East
* Columbus wanted to find a new route to India, China, Japan, and the Spice Islands
* Columbus sailed West instead of East unlike what the other explorers were doing
Effects:
* Columbus sighted a small island in the Bahamas after sailing for 10 weeks
* He named the island he discovered San Salvador claiming the land for the King and Queen of Spain
* He opened up the "New World" to the Europeans which had a huge impact on the population of the indigenous people

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Causes:
* The Treaty of Tordesillas started as an agreement between Spain and Portugal to settle conflicts over the newly discovered and explored lands by Christopher Columbus and other voyagers
* The treaty was need because Spain had the upper hand in colonization
* Spain gained an entire continent but Portugal gained about nothing so Spain met in Tordesillas with Portugal to avoid any conflict with Portugal
Effects:
*  The treaty divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal along a longitude line about 1300 miles west of the Cape Verde Islands
* The treaty gave Portugal the right to colonize more land and obtain more gold

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"Christopher Columbus." Royal Museums Greenwich, rmg.co.uk.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Transatlantic Slave Trade Cause and Effects." Britannica, britannica.com.

"Treaty of Tordesillas." Weebly, treadyoftordesillasnhd.weebly.com.