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Module 2

2.1
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/

https://www.weforum.org/
This is my entry on the padlet of the course
'What impresses me more is the speed at which the 4th Industrian Revolution is taking place, as the rate of growth is very high. Development is occurring very fast, new achievements and products are quickly overcome by others. Electronic devices for examples develop so quickly, and a new model becomes old and out of time in a few years.
We will surely enjoy the benefits of this revolution, that will undoubtely provide us with a broadening welfare. Nevertheless, in such way we will increasingly lose contact and relationship with nature and the environment.'

2.2 My entry on the padlet of the course
'An automated society full of technology will surely be helpful for us in our everyday life. On the other hand, this will affect the job field, leading to a reduction of the available jobs. Anyway, men can't be replaced by technology when it comes to feelings, thoughts, intelligence, imagination and the like. These abilities are typical human and won't ever be performed by any technological tools'.

2.3 My entry on the padlet of the course
As a result of the quick technological revolution that is taking place, some jobs will disappear, some others will turn different, other new ones will develop. Newly born jobs may mostly deal about nanotechnologies, artificial intelligence and robotics, but I think it is also important to consider another point. Such a huge development in technology will need a large availability of supply energy. We should try to enhance our efforts to search for new clean sources of energy. We should not forget to care for the environment, we need more jobs focusing on renewable and clean energy.

2.4 My entry on the padlet of the course
I think that in the coming future we will need more people working for the environment.
1)We should increase the number of people that take care of the environmental conservation, of the manmade problems that affect the environment.
2)We should also enhance supplying energy from clean sources, to limit the impact on the environment, not to worsen the already existing problems.

2.5 My entry to the padlet of the course
I met the acronym STEM here in this course for the first time. From now on, I will use the web to keep myself up to date on STEM careers. Internet is the quickest way to get information.

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MODULE 8

8.1
'I don't know of any events taking place at the moment, but I remember an important one held in Rome last October
https://www.digikey.it/en/resources/makerfairerome?WT.srch=1&mkwid=szdXaDmaO&pcrid=138078856507&pkw=&pmt=b&pdv=t
I visited the MAKER FAIR, a three-day exhibition dedicated to technology, science, business. It was crowded with people and it was very captivating for young persons. '

8.3
'Career talks and seminars with experts and professionals would be suitable for students of Lower Secondary School, where I work. It is an important chance to talk and to ask any questions or doubts students may have about different careers. Moreover, visiting workshops and research centres or other firms would also help a lot as students can experience a real work place.'

8.4
'Planning phase: it is of a great importance paying attention to the step 'identify target and audience' because aims and objectives and the whole development of the event we want to perform depends on the kind of target we want to address our event to.

Implementation phase: particular attention has to be paid to the step 'ensure health and safety at event venue'.  When people attend an event, security and health measures are necessary.

Post event activities: 'collect feedback' by people that attended the event is essential. On the basis of the feedback of participants we can check what people liked and what people didn't like and so we can think of solutions to possible mistakes. It is an essential way to improve our way of doing. '

8.5
'Meeting experts and scientists can help students learn more details and become more aware of Stem careers. This will help them decide the kind of profession they like best. I think it is also important that the event is held in an informal way, so that students can feel more at ease.'

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MODULE 7

7.1 My entry on the padlet of module 7.1
I work in a Lower Secondary School with students aged 11-14. My collegues and I support highest level students to choose the high school that suits them mostly, they hardly know clearly what they would like to do as adults. I know that teachers in high schools are starting to plan some kind of connections with the business sector, called 'Alternanza scuola-lavoro' http://alternanzascuolalavoro.it
http://www.istruzione.it/alternanza/cosa_alternanza.shtml

7.2 My entry to padlet of module 7.2
'There are several ways to get connected with the community. Teachers can take students to visit museums or research centres. Teachers can also invite experts and parents. Parents may come to school to talk about their professions and this may be very captivating for students as they can feel strongly involved.'

7.3 my entry
'I work in a Lower Secondary School so I generally support students to decide what kind of high school they are more skilled for. I know that there is a project for high schools called 'exchange between school and work' (alternanza scuola-lavoro). There are plenty of activities related to this project, all aimed to help students explore the work sector.'

7.4
'An important benefit of internships is that students can put into practice and experience what they study. This will surely help them feel more motivated and encouraged.
Disadvantage. It may be hard for students studying and working together, and students may not have time enough to study.'

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MODULE 5

My entry on module 5.1 padlet
'The gap between the number of men and of women working in STEM fields is concerning. STEM subjects are felt as being more typical male than female. I think teachers and parents can help girls become interested in STEM subjects if they act very early when girls are young. We should help girls develop STEM skills both at school and at home since they are very young.'

My entry on module 5.2 padlet
'I share the idea that teachers can do a lot to encourage girls and help them feel more self confident about STEM subjects. Among all the hints mentioned in this module, I enjoy the strategy reported as a second in the list: give example of STEM women. I would tell students about some women scientists, focusing on Marie Curie from the past for example, and on Margherita Hack, an Italian astrophysicist.'

My entry on module 5.3 padlet
'Henrietta Leavitt was an American astronomer born in 1868. She performed important studies about Cepheid stars. She received little acknowledgement for her work, though her studies were important for Edwin Hubble to further investigate the expansion of the universe. '

My entry on module 5.4 padlet
http://www.fondazionefilarete.com/en/STEMGIRLS

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MODULE 6

6.1
My entry to the padlet of modile 6.1
'I work in a Lower Secondary School and highest level students are aged 14. When they finish Lower Secondary School they have to decide what kind of high school they prefer, either a Liceum or a technical school. It is still early for them to make their minds up for a well defined career, and they hardly happen to know what kind of job they would like to do, as adults. Therefore, my task is to advise them on the kind of high school that suits them mostly, referring to their skills.
At the end of Lower Secondary School, while choosing a high school, students are supported by teachers and by final tests.'

6.2 My entry to the padlet of module 6.2
'work in a Lower Secondary school, students are aged 11-14. I would tell them about Fabiola Gianotti, an Italian physicist. She took part to the experiments that led to the discovery of Higgs Boson in 2012, July. She is currently the director of CERN, the European Centre for Nuclear Research in Geneve, Switzerland. CERN is well known worldwide and scientists from all over the world work there. She is the first woman ever been elected as CERN director. I think she could be an important model of women successfully following STEM careers. '

6.3 My entry to padlet of module 6.3
'I would try to invite experts from laboratories located in Frascati, a few kms south of Rome, not far from my school. There is an important scientific area in Frascati, lots of Institutes from Nuclear National Institute, Astrophysic National Institute, there is an astronomy observatory as well, open to public. Quite a number of possibilities of getting in touch with the scientific sector.'

6.4 My entry to padlet 6.4
'As from what I noticed so far, parents are mostly concerned about their children studying in general, regardless the subject. I work in a Lower Secondary school and at this stage parents care a lot about children studying and doing well at school, no matter the subject. At the end of the course, parents often ask teachers support to help their children decide the kind of high school they are more suitable for, either scientific or classical or technical.'

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MODULE 4

4.1 My entry to the padlet of the course
'We can help students develop STEM skills and we can help them pursue STEM careers, if we manage to let them raise a proper interest in STEM subjects. Teachers can follow many strategies to increase students' interest:
-always refer to real-life activities, when performing a lesson;
-help students feel scientists as real persons;
-invite scientists at school to tell students about their lives and activities;
-take students to visit scientific research centres. '

4.3 My entry to the padlet of the course
'I have used the following strategies so far:
-practical experiences and activities at school;
-visits to museums and universities;
-interactive digital board to support the lesson.
I am also interested in the following activites, to help students enjoy STEM subjects:
- online experiments;
-invite scientists and experts to tell students about their jobs;
-citizen science.'

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MODULE 3

3.1 This is my entry on the padlet of the course
1) In my opinion the most important STEM skills are related to the following areas:
-specific contents that can be achieved studying (knowledge of maths, physics, biology, information technology and the like);
- personal skills (flexibility, being open minded, adaptability, keeping oneself up to date......) that should be developed at school  first, then while working.

2) There are plenty of non STEM jobs that require STEM skills. As far as l know, architects for example need to have proper digital skills and an important knowledge in maths.

3.2 This is the entry l added on the padlet of the course
I work in a Lower Secondary School as a maths and science teacher. In every class we have a computer connected to a Digital Interactive Board called LIM. I use it everyday, to project images, videos, to draw geometric figures. In my opinion, an important way to enhance digital skills in students would be using padlets in the classroom. Students' padlets and the teacher's one may be connected, to share information, essays, exercises, videos, images, to note concepts down, to send personal works, to exchange papers......
Padlet is a very powerful tool to help develop digital skills.

3.3
This is my entry on the padlet of the course
'I would focus on the following three soft skills:
-problem solving, to get trained and prepared to face real problems while working.
-curiosity, to always keep oneself up-to-date.
-flexibility, to be adaptable to different jobs.
These are the most important skills in my opinion. Working in groups would also be of much help for students, as they can share ideas and learn cooperation.'

3.4
https://stemeducationjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40594-016-0046-z

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ghzp9IKlOKw

https://getkahoot.com/  KAHOOT platform
https://classflow.com/ Classflow

This is my entry on the padlet of the course.
'I would use an ISBE approach, to help students develop STEM skills. I am sure it will be stimulating for students acting like scientists. Sudents are given a question to work on. They share their duty with a group of schoolmates, reflect on the question, decide how to solve the problem. Then they work on the field, (sampling some water from the river for example, as seen in the video). After that, students return to the class and perform their own work, tests, experiments, using the knowledge they have already acquired.
I think it is a very good way to enhance STEM skills.'

3.5
My entry to the padlet of the course
'It is the first time I read about these tools and they all look interesting.
Among all of them, l would choose the Skillage, an online test made of 15 questions on different topics. The test is aimed to help students understant if their skills are suitable for the job market.'

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Module 1

1.1 This is my entry on the padlet of the course
'My name is Banu Memişoğlu and l work in a Secondary School where I teach mathematics . I watched the video and was impressed by the prediction that an important gap is expected to occur in the near future, between the demand of STEM professions in the European Union and the supply of STEM graduated students. Therefore it is advisable to encourage students to choose STEM related studies'.

1.2 This is my entry on the padlet of the course
'As from the articles I read, there seems to be a gap between the demand of STEM workers and the number of people with the proper skills in this field, probably due to a lack of STEM abilities among students. I wouldn't say that the reason for that is a real LACK of skills, I would rather focus on the two following points.
- Economic changes, that naturally occur and that may cause the demand and supply not to match.
-Not a real LACK of STEM kills. I don't think we lack skills, we just haven't trained them enough.
Therefore, the role of the education system is important, in order to fill the gap and to increase the number of STEM graduations. Schools should strictly cooperate with the business sector and should provide an enhanced STEM education, using captivating resources to attract students and help them develop STEM skills.'
1.3 This is my entry on the padlet of the course
'I teach maths and science in a Lower Secondary School. Students are generally interested in studying natural science as they can undestand naturally occurring phenomena, that they can experience everyday. They also enjoy laboratory activities.
On the other hand they generally tend to become more bored when studying mathematics, as they find it harder to grasp the connection between maths and real life. They sometimes ask 'What do we need maths for?'. Helping students enjoy mathematics is harder compared to natural science....it is harder but still it is a fashinating challenge.'