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Use the cord as a rope

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the sizes of ear muff can change

add a mode to change between speaker and headphones

add a switch that creates a tighter seal around the ear to improve noise cancelling

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noise cancelling wireless headphones

using bluetooth to connect

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Add a microphone

With eye mask

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Padding on the ear muff instead on the outside of each ear piece

Instead of connecting both ear pieces with a band

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To facilitate (customers):

1. The requirement in audio quality

2. The requirement of convenience

To facilitate (company):

1. Profit making (higher price)

To discourage:

1. Limitation of technology

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2020 and Beyond: The Future of Headphones

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2020 and Beyond: The Future of Headphones

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Apple changed the game again in 2017 with a major change in the design of their iPhone and earbuds,

Incredibly lightweight (4g each)

notable features include the ability to double-tap to pause audio + automatic pausing when they are removed from the ear

huge success among consumers

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2015: The First Truly Wireless Earbuds (Onkyo W800BT)

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2015: The First Truly Wireless Earbuds (Onkyo W800BT)

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Onkyo, a Japanese manufacturer specializing in audio equipment

proved the possibility of this technology and paved a way for more manufacturers to release their own

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hundreds of styles available today for different functions and preferences

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Werner Bottesch

Beethoven reportedly used bone conduction when he lost his hearing

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wires connecting them to the audio source (Bluetooth)

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Steve Job-headed Apple introduced the iPod with those iconic white earbuds

cool and fashion at the time

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fashion --> neckband design for headphones

wouldn't bother with your hair

pressing onto the ears, and sealing the outer ear,  as opposed to being placed in the ear, or hanging onto the ear, or surrounding the ear

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John Koss

made significant advancements in marketing

released in 1966

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1989: Bose’s Noise Cancelling Headphones

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1989: Bose’s Noise Cancelling Headphones

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work with a small microphone that captures all the outside noise and generates an equal, opposite sound wave to cancel out the noise

useful for pilots in the aviation industry, combat vehicle crewmen in the Army < personal use

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Sennheiser’s HD 414

the back of the ear cups being open instead of closed

user -->enjoy a wider sound

the audio quality of headphones increased

wear them comfortably for long-term wear

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John Koss (Jazz musician & audio lover) saved headphones from going into an early grave

Koss SP-3 - the first stereo over-ear headphones

speakers wrapped in a soft cloth and a split headband --> inspired other audio engineers worldwide to get into the headphone market

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a portable audio source --> listening to music

to listen to your own music library instead of the radio

made from a single metal headband + 2 foam earphones

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AKG invented the K-120

sounded great + stylish

an on-ear + high-quality driver + a thin chic-looking headband

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need to free up a person's hands when operating a telephone

switchboard operators used a type of “headphone” by Ezra Guilliland --> weigh over 10 pounds

one earpiece attached to a phone and a large microphone resting on the shoulder.

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radio headphones (early model)

built-in am/fm radio antennas + 2-inch speakers @ padded earcup

allowed users to bring their radio + listen wherever

helped hearing-impaired --> hear their radios better anywhere

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Beyerdynamic --> first headphone (personal listening) Until limited to the armed forces

thin metal headband with two cables that connected individually to the earcups

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1910: The First Official Audio Headphones

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1910: The First Official Audio Headphones

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designed by an engineer called Nathaniel Baldwin

used an idea for a telephonic feature to invent a more sensitive telephonic receiver

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evolved into an ‘Electrophone’

a stethoscope-shaped headphone connected to a switchboard

e.g. the people around London could tune into live performances happening all over London