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Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that commonly occurs during pregnancy. The condition is diagnosed once blood glucose levels in a pregnant women rises to a higher than normal level. Gestational diabetes can usually go away after the baby is born but it can also lead to risks of other conditions, such as type 2 diabetes.

How it occurs
During pregnancy, the placenta produces hormones that assist the foetus to develop, but these hormones can block the mother's insulin response. This causes a resistance in insulin, which can lead to gestational diabetes. Insulin is much needed in pregnancy as the body has an extra demand needing 2 to 3 times more insulin thank normal during pregnancy. Without it blood glucose levels rise and gestational diabetes can occur

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Gestational diabetes usually has  no signs or symptoms but if the symptoms do occur, they may not be referred as being a symptom of diabetes, as they mimic the normal side effects of a pregnancy. When the symptoms are prominent you usually  feel hungry, tired, thirsty, nausea and fatigue. Another serious cause of the condition is urination or a yeast infection.

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There is no cure for Gestational Diabetes, but there are ways to manage this condition. To ensure that this condition is kept under control and doesn't have an effect on the baby, regular check-ups need to be persistent throughout the pregnancy. To manage this there are 3 basic ways to approach this condition, including monitoring blood glucose levels, adopting a healthy eating pattern and participating in regular exercise. As in regular diabetes, the body has an inability to bring down high blood glucose levels. Regularly checking levels ensures that the blood glucose level of the mother does not go too high and is kept within a safe range for the mother and the child. Eating well during pregnancy can also help to maintain this condition. This includes not eating foods that will cause blood glucose levels to spike dramatically, and choosing foods that provide adequate nutrition for the baby. Finally, moderate intensity physical activity  helps to reduce insulin resistance and helps manage blood glucose levels. If these 3 methods do not work, and blood glucose levels are still to high and unsafe, insulin injections or medication may be required to manage Gestational Diabetes.

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- Gestational diabetes occurs in around 5% of all pregnancies
-4.6% of women aged 15-49 years who gave birth in hospital were diagnosed with gestational diabetes
- almost one in four women were diagnosed with gestational diabetes in 2015
-There were 130 cases per 100,000 of Australian women being diagnosed with gestational diabetes at the reproductive ages of 15–49
-The incidence rate was highest among women aged 30–34 (307 cases per 100,000 women

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After the baby is born, Gestational Diabetes should disappear and the body should return to usual functioning. To test this, 6 weeks after birth, the woman must complete an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. This measures whether blood glucose levels have returned to a normal functioning level. However, if a woman has had Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy, they have a higher chance of developing Type 2 Diabetes later in life. To reduce the risk, or delay the development of Type 2 Diabetes, women should maintain a healthy weight, eat healthy, be physically active and to get blood glucose levels checked by a doctor every 1-2 years. Pregnant women who develop gestational diabetes during their first pregnancy are at increased risk for developing this condition in their second or third pregnancies.