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The Anglo-Spanish War from 1585 to 1604 was an intermittent conflict between Spain and the Kingdom of England, which was never formally declared. The war was marked by independent battles between them and began with the English expedition of 1585 in the Netherlands under the leadership of the Count of Leicester, in support of the resistance of the Netherlands States against the Habsburgs, which came to a standstill . However, the British won the Cádiz victory in 1587 and the Canal of the Channel in 1588 on the Spanish naval armor, but lost the initiative when the British naval army was rejected in front of La Coruña and Lisbon in 1589. Two Spanish fleets were then Sent against the English but did not reach the goal that they had prefigured because of adverse weather conditions. In the decades following Spain's defeat of Spain, Spain strengthened its fleet and then succeeded in successfully defending its precious metals transportation from the Americas. England was losing much of the subsequent battles but the war came to a dead end on the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, during the campaigns in England and Ireland. The war ended with the Treaty of London of 1604 among the representatives of Philip III of Spain and the new Scottish King of England, James I. Spain and England agreed in the deadline for their interventions in Ireland and the Spanish The British renounced acts of piracy on the high seas. Both sides had reached their goal but each of them had almost exhausted their resources in the war
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While Spain had successfully defended the rapid development of trade with its colonies, overcoming its financial crisis, Ireland in the rebellion fought to obtain war material aid and demanded to keep British trade under threat. The conflict was therefore turning to England in a warring war. The British settlement in North America was deferred until the first period of Stuart. This allowed Spain to consolidate control over its vulnerable New World territories, which would then last for two centuries as the largest overseas empire. Spain was able to deny the colonial efforts of England the oceanic routes until the latter accepted the conditions it posed. However, England remained faithful to the Protestant Reformation and the Dutch revolt was greatly benefited by the distraction of Spanish military forces due to British support to its cause. Spain remained the dominant power in Europe until the 17th century, when its decline began with the Thirty Years' War against France and its dominion over the seas was challenged by the rise of Dutch naval power. England could emerge as the predominant power on the seas and as a European colonizing nation only after the seven-year war (1756 - 1763)

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United Province, William the Taciturno, against Spain. Philip II planned the invasion of England, but in April 1587 his preparations were interrupted after Sir Francis Drake burned 37 Spanish vessels in the port of Cadiz. In the same year, the execution of Maria Stuarda's capital, which took place on February 28, offended European Catholics, and his throne for throne passed to Philip. On 29 July he obtained the permission of Pope Sisto V to overthrow Elizabeth I, who had been excommunicated by Pope Pius V, from the English throne, placing him who he liked

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In the decade of 1560/1570, the king of Spain Philip II thought to hinder English crown politics for religious and commercial reasons. Protestant English Queen Elizabeth I was opposed to the Catholic Church, making British membership compulsory to the Church of England and punishing the prison with participation in the Catholic Mass. The British also sought to support the Protestant cause in the Netherlands, where the opposition to the Spanish government increased. The activities of British corsairs, considered pirates from Spain along the Caribbean coast and in the Atlantic, constituted a serious predation of Spanish treasures. The English transatlantic trade of slaves by the British, begun by Sir John Hawkins in 1562, received the support of the English crown, although the Spanish government complained that Hawkins's trade with the Spanish colonies of the West Indies was nothing more than an organized system Of smuggling. In September 1568 a Hawkins and his cousin Sir Francis Drake was sworn in by the Spaniards and several British ships were sunk at San Juan de Ulúa, a fortified islet within the Veracruz labor camp in the Caribbean coast Of Mexico. This clash shook up Anglo-Spanish relations, and in the following years the British took over many Spanish ships carrying precious objects and metals to replenish their troops in the Netherlands. Drake and Hawkins, among others, intensified their racing war, a way to break the Spanish monopoly on businesses in the Atlantic

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La guerra anglo-spagnola dal 1585 al 1604 fu un conflitto fra la Spagna ed il regno d'Inghilterra. La guerra si divise in  singole battaglie fra di loro indipendenti ed ebbe inizio con la spedizione inglese del1585, in sostegno alla resistenza degli Stati Generali dei Paesi Bassi contro gli Asburgo, che si risolse in un insuccesso.
Gli inglesi  ottennero la vittoria presso Cadice nel 1587 e nel canale della Manica nel 1588 sull'armata navale spagnola, ma persero l'iniziativa allorché l'armata navale inglese fu respinta davanti a La Coruña e Lisbona nel 1589. Due flotte spagnole furono poi inviate contro quella inglese ma non raggiunsero l'obbiettivo a causa delle condizioni atmosferiche avverse.
Nei decenni successivi la sconfitta dell'Invincibile spagnola, la Spagna rafforzò la propria flotta e quindi riuscì a difendere con successo i suoi trasporti di metalli preziosi dalle Americhe. L'Inghilterra risultò perdente in gran parte delle battaglie successive ma la guerra giunse ad un punto morto a cavallo del sedicesimo e diciassettesimo secolo, durante le campagne in Inghilterra ed in Irlanda. La guerra ebbe termine con il Trattato di Londra del 1604 fra i rappresentanti di Filippo III di Spagna ed il nuovo re scozzese d'Inghilterra, Giacomo I. Spagna ed Inghilterra concordarono nel por termine ai loro interventi rispettivamente in Irlanda e nei Paesi Bassi spagnoli e gli inglesi rinunciarono agli atti di pirateria in alto mare. Entrambe le parti avevano raggiunto il loro obiettivo ma ciascuna di loro aveva quasi esaurito le proprie risorse nella guerra.

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nave

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battaglia