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Thomas Hooker was a prominent Puritan colonial leader, who founded the Colony of Connecticut after dissenting with Puritan leaders in Massachusetts. He was known as an outstanding speaker and an advocate of universal Christian suffrage.

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A person who supports the separation of a particular group of people from a larger body on the basis of ethnicity, religion, or gender.

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Roger Williams was a Puritan minister, theologian, and author who founded the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. He was a staunch advocate for religious freedom, separation of church and state, and fair dealings with American Indians, and he was one of the first abolitionists.

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Peter Stuyvesant; served as the last Dutch director-general of the colony of New Netherland from 1647 until it was ceded provisionally to the English in 1664, after which it was renamed New York.

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John Rolfe was one of the early English settlers of North America. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia.

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Anne Hutchinson was a Puritan spiritual adviser, mother of 15, and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638.

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The Virginia Company refers collectively to two joint-stock companies chartered under James I on 10 April 1606 with the goal of establishing settlements on the coast of America.

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A staple food, food staple, or simply a staple, is a food that is eaten routinely and in such quantities that it constitutes a dominant portion of a standard diet for a given people, supplying a large fraction of energy needs and generally forming a significant proportion of the intake of other nutrients as well.

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A Christian belonging to one of the three great divisions of Christianity (the other two are the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church).

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A person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons.

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Mercantilism is a national economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports of a nation. Mercantilism is a national economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports of a nation.

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The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony.

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The Massachusetts Bay Colony was an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century around the Massachusetts Bay, the northernmost of the several colonies later reorganized as the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

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A company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.

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The Dutch West India Company was a trading company. It had a monopoly on trade with Africa, the Americas, and every place in between.

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Economists use the term commodity to refer to a particular kind of good. Commodities are usually agricultural products, minerals, or other raw materials.

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A colony is an area of land or a settlement that is ruled by another country.

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The Church of England has been in England about 450 years.

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The vaquero is a horse-mounted livestock herder of a tradition that originated on the Iberian Peninsula. Today the vaquero is still a part of the doma vaquera, the Spanish tradition of working riding.

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Triangular trade or triangle trade is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions. Triangular trade usually evolves when a region has export commodities that are not required in the region from which its major imports come.

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The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries.

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The action of buying and selling goods and services.

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An important assignment carried out for political, religious, or commercial purposes, typically involving travel.

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The Middle Passage was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were forcibly transported to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade.

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An indentured servant or indentured laborer is an employee within a system of unfree labor who is bound by a signed or forced contract to work for a particular employer for a fixed time.

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An epidemic is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less. For example, in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic.

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The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.

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Encomienda was a Spanish labor system. It rewarded conquerors with the labor of particular groups of subject people. It was first established in Spain during the Roman period, but used also following the Christian conquest of Muslim territories.

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Conquistadors is a term used to refer to the soldiers and explorers of the Spanish Empire or the Portuguese Empire in a general sense.

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Each of four parts of a plane, sphere, space, or body divided by two lines or planes at right angles.

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A person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, cause, or activity.

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The Northwest Passage is, from the European and northern Atlantic point of view, the sea route to the Pacific Ocean through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.

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An open rebellion against the proper authorities, especially by soldiers or sailors against their officers.

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A lateen is a triangular sail set on a long yard mounted at an angle on the mast.

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A  voyage undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose.

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Conquistadors is a term used to refer to the soldiers and explorers of the Spanish Empire or the Portuguese Empire in a general sense.

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A compass is an instrument used for navigation and orientation(the relative physical position or direction) of something. that shows direction relative to the geographic cardinal directions.

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Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body.

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The caravel was a small, highly maneuverable sailing ship developed in the 15th century by the Portuguese to explore along the West African coast and into the Atlantic Ocean.

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An astrolabe is an elaborate inclinometer, historically used by astronomers and navigators to measure the inclined position in the sky of a celestial body, day or night.

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A totem is a spirit being, sacred object, or symbol that serves as an emblem of a group of people, such as a family, clan, lineage, or tribe.

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A portable conical tent made of skins, cloth, or canvas on a frame of poles, used by American Indians of the Plains and Great Lakes regions.

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In the Southwestern United States, the term Pueblo refers to communities of Native Americans, both in the present and in ancient times. The first Spanish explorers of the Southwest used this term to describe the communities housed in apartment structures built of stone, adobe mud, and other local material.

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Natural resources are resources that exist without actions of humankind.

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A communal dwelling, especially of the Iroquois and various other North American Indian people, consisting of a wood, bark-covered framework often as much as 100 feet in length.

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The Iroquois or Haudenosaunee are a historically powerful northeast Native American confederacy.

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A kiva is a room used by Puebloans for religious rituals and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system.

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An empire is a political construct in which one state dominates over another state, or a series of states.

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Belonging to, or relating to a family of North American Indian languages formerly spoken across a vast area from the Atlantic seaboard to the Great Lakes and the Great Plains.

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The system of checks and balances is used to keep the government from getting too powerful in one branch.

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The act of amending or correcting.

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The Bill of Rights are the first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution.

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Confirmation of the appointment.

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Settlement of differences by arbitration or by consent reached by mutual concessions.

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A constitution is a set of rules that guides how a country, state, or other political organization works.

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The system of rules and the people who make and administer them is known as a government.