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Charlotte Apablaza
Fernanda Bustamante
Gabriela Godoy

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1. Who were the first sydneysiders?
The first sydneyders were the Gadigal people. Their territory stretched along the southern side of Port Jackson.

2. When did the first British fleet arrive?
The First Fleet arrived in 1788

3. What does Eora refer to?
It refers to Sydney metropolitan area. It means "here," or "from this place."

4. What is the suburb Redfern known for?
It is known for its particular focus for activism around civil and land rights for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

5. What does the word Barani refer to?
the word Barani comes from the Aboriginal language of Sydney, and it means "yesterday".
Nowadays there are some "Barani" websites that provide histories of people, places and events in the local area that are associated with the histories of Sydney’s Aboriginal communities.

6. Why is the term Barani referred to in the text?
The term Barani it is explained in the text as an introduction to the Barani websites, which are those that highlight Sydney’s Aboriginal communities, its places, its history and its people.

7. Do you think that this text properly represents aboriginal history or is it whitewashed?
It was whitewhashed because it doesn't talk much about aboriginal people besides giving some brief mention of their history.

8. What was the most significant event?
The most significant event was the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788, which started the process of colonization in Australia. As a result of this process, many native cultures were either relocated or destroyed.

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Analyse the poem Clancy of the Overflow and make a list of the characteristics of the bush

1. friendly

2. beautiful

3. exotic

4. full of animals

5. peaceful place

6. Sunlit plains

Compare the view of the bush portrayed in the poem Clancy and the Overflown with the one portrayed in the movie the Proposition.

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Australia's Cultural Diversity Through Sports | VIDEO

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Australia's Cultural Diversity Through Sports | VIDEO

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Examination of a major issue in contemporary society and their historical precedents in Australia.

Click the image to open the video.

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Australia's Cultural Diversity Through Sports

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Check out this video on Streamable using your phone, tablet or desktop.

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1. How is Australian masculinity represented in this movie?

the film depicts the stereotype of Australian masculinity with the character Mike Dundee, who shows himself as a direct and courageous man. Someone who is not afraid to face the animals or travel for hours in the jungle.

2. Describe the bush.

the bush is a hostile place. Inhabited mostly by aborigines and wild animals.

3. How is aboriginality represented in this movie?

By the fact that they didn't have calendars so it was weird for them to know their ages and by their habit of being nomads.

4. Why do you think this movie represents a dimension of Australian identity?

This film represents a dimension of Australian identity as it deals with the issue of Aboriginal people by mentioning features of their culture. And, it is also based on stereotypes such as the masculinity of Australian men and their inability to live in large cities.

5. To what extent is the representation of Crocodile Dundee different to the Chilean huaso?
In fact, there are more similarities than differences between the Chilean huaso and Crododile Dundee.
Among the similarities we can highlight the stereotype of masculinity and its knowledge of rural areas.
On the other hand among the differences we can emphasize that although both interact with nature, Crocodile Dundee interacts with wild animals while the Chilean Huaso interacts with domestic animals.

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What are the challenges to increase the English language requirement to become an Australian citizen?

To achieve the successful integration of immigrants and refugees arriving in the country since requiring a test that ensure an advanced level of English can be considered an attempt against inclusion in the Australian community.

To maintain the level of approval for a government that acts against cultural diversity by not allowing immigrants to earn citizenship through hard work.

To apply for this test may be considered discriminatory to immigrants with limited education and specially to women who do not have access to basic education in their countries of origin.

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How to do an Australian accent with VCA Senior Lecturer Leith McPherson

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How to do an Australian accent with VCA Senior Lecturer Leith McPherson

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a) What are some key features of an Australian accent? Are they different from the ones mentioned by Adams Hills?
Rising inflection: tune that goes up at the end of the sentence.
Hesitation sound
Nasal sound
Schwa sound

b) According to McPherson, what are some incorrect popular representations of Australian accents?
The cockney accent used in The Simpsons, which is misrepresentation of Australian accent as they exaggerate it.

c) Which factors influence different forms of Australian accents?
Education
Social-economic factors
Geography. The accent changes whether the person comes from rural or urban areas.

d) Why is Kate Winslet’s representation of Australian accent mentioned in the interview?
Because it's an example of a good representation of Australian accent. She didn't exaggerate the accent and managed to sound natural

e) Why is cockney accent mentioned in the interview?
working class accents of people from Island (is mentioned to compare and state that people used to confuse both accents)

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Clip 1

1. How did they feel as they saw their bus with an anti-gay slogan?
They felt discriminated and frustrated. Hurt and disappointed in people.

2. What does the scene in which Felicia is singing opera on top of the bus represent?
Pride and freedom, as she can be them self without worrying

Clip 2

3. How are aborigines portrayed in this scene?
They are portrayed as welcoming and open-minded.

4. What do the aborigines and the drag queens have in common?
They shared their passion for music and physical expression. It's also worth mentioning that the aborigines were also outcasts from society.

Clip 3
5. What is the role of the landscape/the desert in relation to gay culture in Australia ?

The landscape gives a sense of freedom to gay communities, some sort of being "on top of the world" as if there was no limit for being themselves.

What a drag! exhibition celebrates Melbourne's drag queen
Reflect on the role of drag queens in the movement to get equal rights for the gay community.  Is this comparable to our context?
The role of drag queens in the movement to open the discussion on equal rights for the minorities has been fundamental. They are important in a way that they are somehow empowering other minorities to express the way they feel and fight for the right of not being (or felt) shamed by others.
We don't think that it is comparable to our context, even if today the movement has grown stronger and people are starting to accept that what's different is not wrong, our country, or at least the older generations have always been against drag queensa or even ridiculized them. Luckily, that generation is fading off and with them their outdated beliefs.

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1. How many indigenous languages were there when British colonists arrived?
There were approximately 250 languages in Oceania before the arrival of British colonists.

2. How many indigenous languages are spoken now in modern Australia?
There isn't a determined number of how many indigenous languages are spoken today in modern Australia, but it is speculated that it is only a small fraction of the 250 languages that were spoken back in the day. 70 of those languages are under threat, and there's only 28 languages that could possibly survive.

3. What is language shift?
A language shift occurs when a group of people, that originally spoke an indigenous language, shifts to English, therefore they would stop speaking and learning their indigenous language, because they've changed it for English.

4. What will the future be for these languages?
The best way to preserve them and keep them from going extinct is to document them and teach them to younger generations.

5. What is the link of language and culture?
It could be said that the link of language and culture is identity, because without language the culture wouldn't be able to express their culture, and therefore, they would lose their identity.