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“When forty winter shall besiege thy brow” by William Shakespeare is a poem that speaks in quite a negative way about about love and appearance. Throughout the poem Shakespeare makes many rude and attacking comments about the appearance of a particular woman. This is shown when he remarks “And big deep trenches in thy beauty’s field”. Shakespeare is effectively stating that this woman has many Flores in her appearance. Furthermore, the turning point occurs in the third quatrain when Shakespeare says that not all hope is lost for beauty because procreation can bring back what was once beautiful.

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The opening lines “When forty winters shall besiege thy brow and dig deep trenches in thy beauty’s field...” use war imagery to emphasise the idea of how time is like an army that works to destroy beauty. The word “besiege” means to surround something with an army in order to capture it or force its surrender. By using this word in the sentence, it serves to evoke negative connotations of how “forty winters” or forty years shall cause wrinkles on the forehead or around the brow. Furthermore, the use of the phrase “dig deep trenches” also reinforces this idea of how time causes deep wrinkles or trenches in a person’s face and thus ruins beauty.

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Sonnet 2 When forty winters nesige thy brow written by William Shakespeare developed the beauty of procreation through the use of imagery and the idea that when outer beauty fades a person’s inner beauty will live through their children.

A cold stagnant mood is developed through imagery in sonnet 2. In the first line “forty winters” is used to describe the effect time has on beauty while also developing a sense of coldness in emotion of a person who has lost their outer beauty. This creates a cold and emotional mood in the piece as the ide that the loss of beauty destroys hope for youth and life is created.

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‘Sonnet 2’ by Shakespeare, uses imagery and symbolism to represent how one’s beauty is manipulated by the insuppressible factor of time. The first two lines of the poem all make references to war terms, which connote to the undesirable events that occurs in one’s transformation as they age. The first line, “When forty winters shall besiege thy brow” uses the word “besiege” as a stimulus. Shakespeare has used it to prompt the reader to envision an image of how one is compelled to unwillingly surrender their beauty to the relentless force of time. The reader knows that the destructive force is ‘time’ as it is represented through the term “forty winters”. The choice of the season ‘winter’, symbolises ideas of vulnerability and harsh conditions. Therefore by using winter, the reader associates “forty winters” to a negative and destroying factor. The second line “And dig deep trenches in thy beauty’s field”, again makes war references. The ‘trenches’ in this line is used to represent how over time, wrinkles and sags, start to form over our faces which is ‘beauty’s field’. The trenches in war are also a big symbol of combat between rivals. This coincides with the idea of an enmity between beauty and time. Shakespeare uses this to show how time can do a lot of damage or change one’s beauty.

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Within the poem, Shakespeare uses imagery of sunken eyes to present the notion that beauty fades in everything. The phrase: “To say within thine own sunken eyes”, shows that beauty is never eternal and that it eventually wears away. This concept is then supported within the following line: “Were an all-eating shame and thriftless praise”. The phrase ‘were an all-eating shame’, conveys that people will, at some point, comment on the author’s beloved’s now-faded beauty, causing her to feel shame upon herself, as she is no longer seen for her beauty. Because of this, the notion that beauty fades with old age, is supported.

However, in the tenth line, the author mentions: “If thou couldst answer ‘this fair child of mine shall sum my count and make my old excuse’”. The author mentions that if his beloved has a child, though her beauty may fade, it shall be passed on through generations, making it everlasting. This can be demonstrated within the phrase: ‘This fair child of mine shall sum my count and make my old excuse’. The author uses words such as ‘fair child’ and ‘old excuse’ create a contrast and allow the reader to visualise an old woman whose beauty is fading, and a young child, who shall pass on their beauty throughout generations. Therefore, proving the notion that one’s beauty cannot last forever, but can be passed on through childbirth.

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In the lines seven and eight, Shakespeare presents the conventions of ageing beauty and the shame and pity of ones beauty being replaced with the ugliness of old age. In line seven; “To say within thine own deep-sunken eyes” through the mention of ‘deep-sunken eyes’ suggests the appearance of wrinkles and hence the notion of old age. This thus suggests in the perspective of the sonnet’s protagonist; with his old eyes, what he sees in relation to his wife. In line eight; “Were an all-eating shame and thriftless praise” it mentions the procedures and feeling felt by the old woman due to her unlucky ageing process. “All-eating shame” suggests the once beautiful old women only feels shame and disgust for her aged and unattractive appearance and in order to feel ‘beautiful’ again, she byes excessive amounts of expensive and glamorous beauty items such as clothing, jewellery, makeup etc in order to receive praise for her ‘beauty’. This connects to the ‘thriftless praises’ the women receives from others and also what the sonnet’s protagonist (i.e the woman’s husband) views when he sees his ageing wife, along with the shame she feels for her dying beauty and youth.

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In the lines 13 and 14, Shakespeare uses the technique of symbolism to convey the message of having children will prolong your beauty when you grow old. The lines symbolise, that when your body starts to die and you aren’t as beautiful as when you once were your beauty will live on in your children. “Thy blood warm when thou feel’st it cold.” This line in ‘Sonnet 2’ clearly identifies that when your blood runs cold (a metaphor for death) you will still live on in the warmth, life and beauty of your children. When you procreate you allow yourself to live on through the lives of your children and through their grandchildren. Furthermore, this symbolism describes that beauty will live on forever, through having children. “This were to be new made when thou art old”. This connotes to the idea that making new life will make your beauty not age but live again/on in your children. The use of symbolism conveys the overall message in Shakespeare’s ‘Sonnet 2’ of beauty will be prolonged in the your children.

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In line 1 and 2, Shakespeare uses destructive and warlike imagery to describe the devaluation of body image as a consequence of old age.

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In lines 10 and 11, the turn and comparison between Shakespeare’s ideas addressing that first, beauty in ones youth which is “so gazed on now” will fade as the years go by, is analysed to his second idea that beauty can be preserved in a child. In the middle of the final quatrain, Shakespeare reinforces his idea that your beauty can be passed on and doesn’t have to die as many winters pass. “This fair child of mind. Shall sum my count and make my old excuse.” This line tells the reader that by having a child, your beauty is preserved in them, however will add more years on to your life and be the cause of old age. So even though as the years have gone by in your life and your beauty has eventually died, a new born child shall carry a part of you with it. Using imagery of new life and a child, Shakespeare’s second idea that beauty can be preserved in a child is reinforced when youth is reborn.

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There is a turn in the third quatrain where Shakespeare provides a way of preserving the beauty of an individual. ‘How much more praise deserved thy beauty’s use...”This fair child of mine shall sum my count and make old my excuse”’ One’s beauty will only stay for so long, and no amount of praise or compliments could help maintain it. Shakespeare explains procreation as the only way to pass on their beauty and keep it alive. The child will make up for their faded beauty. He goes on to end the third quatrain with, ‘Proving his beauty by succession thine’. Although one may be beautiful, having a beautiful child will further prove this and make it eternal beauty that will keep being passed down so long as they keep procreating.

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“When forty winters shall besiege thy brow” by William Shakespeare is saying that beauty will fade over time but procreation can make your beauty last by living through your children.

In the last two lines, Shakespeare encourages procreation by telling the reader that their beauty can live on. By saying, “to be made new when thou art old”, the poet is somewhat instating, in with the new and out with the old. The cycle of young beauty can continue by the lost beauty in the old, which can be passed on to their children so that they can be young and beautiful. Shakespeare’s use of imagery of “blood warm” is symbolising the liveliness and beauty in young people. The happy, positive connotations “warm” further make the reader favour the youth and want to procreate so that the the world is filled with beautiful young people. Then the juxtaposition of “cold” shows the almost dead-like associations older people have beauty. When people are dead, their blood becomes cold so Shakespeare is saying that beauty dies inside of the elderly. “Cold” has uncomfortable and unhappy connotations with it which makes the reader want to avoid that by filling the world with the happy, beautiful youth through procreation.

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Shakespeare discusses the idea of old age and beauty being passed onto younger generations throughout the poem. The first two lines focus on time passing and the beauty being drained from a person. He states “when forty winters shall besiege they brow”. Forty winters is referring to the time that will pass and Shakespeare suggests that this passing is a negative aspect of this person’s life. He uses the word ‘besiege’ which is associated with being attacked or threatened. Through stating this, Shakespeare suggests that time is threatening this person’s beauty and this is reinforced through stating “ and big deep trenches in thy beauty’s field”. Trenches are often associated with war, an ugly place that people don’t want to be apart of. Shakespeare encourages the idea of these deep ugly trenches threatening a person’s beauty and the flaws becoming a visible part of their old beauty.

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Shakespeare’s ‘Sonnet 2’ explores the significant beauty of procreation and its ability to preserve the delicate beauty and youth of those whom once held it themselves.

Through lines four and five Shakespeare comments of the inevitability of beauty deteriorating and taunts those whom once had all the beauty of the world. The line “Then being asked where all thy beauty lies” attacks the current appearance of the  subject with the memory of their former beauty by asking ‘where has all your beauty gone?’ This line is then followed by an alternate version of that same question, “where all the treasure of thy lusty days” this line however quote beauty as treasure. Treasure represents something valuble and priceless, somehting everyone wishes to have. However it is also something that can be lost or stolen. Just like treasure beauty is valuble and priceless however is can be lost or stolen from a person due to time or misfortune. This fact reinforces Shakespeare’s comment that inevitably beauty will deteriorate.

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Shakespeare opens the first quatrain of his second sonnet, ‘When forty winters besiege thy brow’, with a metaphor, using imagery of war. By referring to the passing time as ‘forty winters’ as opposed to forty years, it invokes the sense of cold and hardship that winter mercilessly brings. Forty winters ‘besiege’, or attack the young man’s face, bringing irreversible wrinkles which are referred to as ‘deep trenches’, destroying his beauty. B

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“When forty winters shall besiege thy brow” written by William Shakespeare is a brutally honest sonnet that expresses how time and age decay beauty. Shakespeare uses war imagery to show the idea of times harsh effect on beauty. “When forty winters shall besiege they brow, and dig deep trenches in they beauty’s field”. Words like ‘besiege’ and ‘ trenches’ connotates a battlefield which can be interpreted as a war between time and beauty where time is dominating. The war imagery demonstrates how time can act as a ruthless army that causes irreversible damage to the enemy at hand which is youths beauty.

Surprisingly, in this particular sonnet the turn appears quite early. In the third quatrain, the turning point suggests that not all hope is lost for beauty in it’s battle with time. Shakespeare presents how procreation can act as the unexpected saviour that can pass on what once was beautiful.

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In lines 3 and 4, Shakespeare uses juxtaposition to compare two competing ideas; first, one is beautiful in their youth and is much sought after, then we are presented with a picture of a dying shrivelling weed which deserves no admiration as time goes on. "Thy youth's proud livery, so gazed on now, Will be a tattered weed, of small worth held." The juxtaposition in this extract is present through the imagery of vanity and pride, then of an almost worthless object as time goes on. Furthermore, this very distinct comparison tells us that beauty fades as time goes on and nothing is able to maintain its beauty. The image of a "tattered weed" in reference to the image of a person is especially striking in comparison as we imagine an old, bitter and senile figure which used to be "so gazed upon". In this way, Shakespeare is able to convey the message that no matter how proud we are of our self image, we will not be able to retain our physical form, but rather will lose our outer beauty until we are of "small worth".