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Effects of Estrogen/Progesterone Injections on Female Mating and Social Behavior.

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Effects of Estrogen/Progesterone Injections on Female Mating and Social Behavior.

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This article studies the affects of estrogen and progesterone injections in the female dog. It explores how these did not only increase the female sexual solicitation but also affected the males as well. The males sexual reactions also increased.

https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=3&sid=4201e382-930c-4d1f-86ef-1490c5fc0826%40sessionmgr102&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=1970-03271-001&db=psyh

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This video does an excellent job explaining the ways to determine whether or not your female dog is coming into heat. Also, what to expect during her cycle and the timeline of the cycle.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCE12GcymPc&t=0s&list=WL&index=9

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This article discusses different mate preferences in dogs. Whether it is male wanting dominant females or vice versa.

https://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=1&sid=3fba28db-b11e-4533-83a9-b492d1751693%40sessionmgr4009&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=96859101&db=a9h

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Sexual behavior in male dogs begins to show as early as 3-6 weeks of life. At around 6-18 months of age is when the dog hits puberty. Males can be receptive to a female dog at any time of year. They could also prefer one particular female. A male dog can pick up the scent of a female in heat from up to 5 miles away. When he finds her he pays her close attention, and they will play together. He will be more active around her and nose her ears. He will urinate on or near the female's urine spots.

Source: https://veteriankey.com/male-canine-sexual-behavior/

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Females could reach sexual maturity at 1 1/2 years to 2 years of age. Although it is more commonly seen at 6-9 months. The female dog becomes increasingly anxious as she goes into estrous. She will also urinate more and spend more time with male dogs. She will be more attracted to the male and demonstrate interest by doing a play bow.

Source: https://veteriankey.com/female-canine-sexual-behavior/

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Mounting behavior also known as humping is more commonly seen in puppies, but can be seen in older dogs too. While it is seen as a sexual behavior that is not always the case. It can also be an attention seeking or play behavior.

Source: https://www.petcoach.co/article/mounting-behavior/

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Copulatory behavior in dogs can start off with mounting. It will then progress if the female agrees, with the female moving her tail to the side and this is called flagging. The male's penis will then become locked inside the females vagina. At this point they are 'tied' together. Following this the male will lift his leg and swing it over the back of the female and turn around. The male and female will stand with their butts touching for between 5-20 minutes, sometimes longer.

Source: http://hounddogsdrule.com/k9-classroom/canine-reproduction/

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Artificial selection is being more widely used nowadays. It is part of the reason we are able to have different breeds of dogs. According to our textbook, "Morphological, physiological, and behavioral differences between the various strains and breeds of our common domestic animals attest to the effect of artificial selection. Consider the structure of our various breeds of dogs..."(Price 26).

Price, Edward O. Principles & Applications of Domestic Animal Behavior. Massachusetts. CABI. 2008.

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This shows one example of pre mating behavior that can be seen in male or female dogs. This is showing a play bow which will be seen as a pre mating behavior before mounting.

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The picture below shows the different stages of copulation. From left to right mounting, male swinging his leg over, turning around, and rear ends touching.