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World War I and World War II were considered one of the greatest events in the world.Because the events became part of History that gave significant changes in the lives of many people. Through the World Wars Leaders of different nations became aware of the effects brought about by wars in political, social and economy of the country. Leaders thought that because of war they will gain power in all nations but it destroyed their resources, their own people and the development of their country as a whole.

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SUMMARY OF WORLD WAR I

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Archdukes, Cynicism, and World War I: Crash Course World History #36

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https://youtu.be/Q78COTwT7nE

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World War II: Crash Course World History #38

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The Battle of Midway: Anatomy of a Decisive World War II Victory | Battle 360 | History

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1. Rise of Nationalism
2.Internal Conflicts and Militarism
3.The Foundation of a system of alliances
4.The Treaty of Berlin
5.The Black Hand assasination
6.Declared a War on Germany
7. Battle of Verdun
8.Battle of Somme
9.The Sinking of RMS Lusitania
10. Treaty of Vesailles
11. Blitzkrieg or Lightning War
12.  Blood Sweat and Tears
13.Invasion of Soviet Soil
14. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
15. Yalta Conference
16. The Moscow Declaration of 1943
17.Potsdam Conference
18. The Second Atomic Bomb in Nagasaki
19. First Atomic Bomb in Hirsoshima Japan
20. VE- Da
21. The Implementation of  D-Day
22. Battle of Bataan
23. Battle of El Alamein
24. Battle of Midway
25. Attack of Pearl Harbor

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The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. Holocaust is a word of Greek origin meaning "sacrifice by fire." The Nazis, who came to power in Germany in January 1933, believed that Germans were "racially superior" and that the Jews, deemed "inferior," were an alien threat to the so-called German racial community.

During the era of the Holocaust, German authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived "racial inferiority": Roma (Gypsies), the disabled, and some of the Slavic peoples (Poles, Russians, and others). Other groups were persecuted on political, ideological, and behavioral grounds, among them Communists, Socialists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and homosexuals.

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The Invasion of Poland, known in Poland as the September Campaign or the 1939 Defensive War and in Germany as the Poland Campaign  Fall Weiss , was a joint invasion of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, the Free City of Danzig, and a small Slovak contingent that marked the beginning of World War II Invasion of Poland
Part of World War II

From left to right: Luftwaffe preparing to bomb Wieluń, SMS Schleswig-Holstein attacking the Westerplatte, Wehrmacht soldiers destroying the Polish-German border post, German tank and armored car formation, German and Soviet troops shaking hands following the invasion, Bombing of Warsaw.

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Axis powers—Germany, Italy, and Japan—and the Allies—France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China. The war was in many respects a continuation, after an uneasy 20-year hiatus, of the disputes left unsettled by World War I. The 40,000,000–50,000,000 deaths incurred in World War II make it the bloodiest conflict, as well as the largest war, in history.Treaty of Peace between the Allied and Associated Powers and Germany[1]
Cover of the English version
Signed | 28 June 1919[2]
Location | Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles in France[3]

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By gaining momentum in their military campaigns, the axis powers-Germany,Italy, and japan-became military superpowers, a clear violation of the disarmament under the treat of VERSAILLES

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Top 5 in which nationalism played the biggest role.

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Top 5 in which nationalism played the biggest role.

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1)The Great Depression
2)Elections
3)Olympics
4)Poland Invaded
5)HossbachConference&Allian-ce

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Because of the impact caused by Post war economic and political turmoil, it became difficult for the governments to remain intact and in power. Tensions between socioeconomic classes resulted in encouraging the masses to seek for reforms. With the rise of Lenin in the 1920s, communism spread across Russia under Marxist communism.

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(OTTOMAN EMPIRE was known as the SICK MAN OF EUROPE)

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(OTTOMAN EMPIRE was known as the SICK MAN OF EUROPE)

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EXPANSION OF NATIONALISM

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WWII started out because of conflicting ideologies that set nations pitting against each other. Aggression among states  with rising political extremism shook most of democratic world. Fragile peace treaties did not protect much of Europe and the great depression agitated much of the masses leading them to seek out new and stronger leadership. Continued extreme nationalistic sentiments, the waning of democracy, and the rise of dictators formed new alliances

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WWII (September 1,1939-September 2, 1945

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WWII (September 1,1939-September 2, 1945

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Axis powers—Germany, Italy, and Japan—and the Allies—France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China. The war was in many respects a continuation, after an uneasy 20-year hiatus, of the disputes left unsettled by World War I. The 40,000,000–50,000,000 deaths incurred in World War II make it the bloodiest conflict, as well as the largest war, in history.World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of which were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in warfare.[1][2][3][4]
WWII

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World War I began in 1914, after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and lasted until 1918. During the conflict, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (the Central Powers) fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan and the United States (the Allied Powers). Thanks to new military technologies and the horrors of trench warfare, World War I saw unprecedented levels of carnage and destruction. By the time the war was over and the Allied Powers claimed victory, more than 16 million people—soldiers and civilians alike—were dead.

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The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organisation founded on 10 January 1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first international organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.[1] Its primary goals, as stated in its Covenant, included preventing wars through collective security and disarmament and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration.[2] Other issues in this and related treaties included labour conditions, just treatment of native inhabitants, human and drug trafficking, the arms trade, global health, prisoners of war, and protection of minorities in Europe.[3] At its greatest extent from 28 September 1934 to 23 February 1935, it had 58 members.

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After the armistice agreement,the allies faced a war-torn Europe. Coupled with the desire to reorganize and establish peace between nations, the victors meet at the Paris Peace conference in 1919 to settle the terms for world peace 27 European  and Asian nations took part in the conference. The Men who facilitated the PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, known as the "BIG FOUR" were President Woodrow Wilson, Prime Minister  David Lloyd George, Premiere Georges Clemenceau, Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando . Five Major Tenets to Enduring Peace
1) OPEN COVENANTS OF PEACE.
2)FREEDOM OF NAVIGATION, FAIR TRADE, AND THE FAIR TREATMENT OF COLONIAL PEOPLES.
3)DISARMAMENT.
4)THE RIGHT TO SELF DETERMINATION.
5)ESTABLISHMENT OF HE LEAGUE OF NATIONS.

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The 1918 Spring Offensive, or Kaiserschlacht (Kaiser's Battle), also known as the Ludendorff Offensive, was a series of German attacks along the Western Front during the First World War, beginning on 21 March 1918, which marked the deepest advances by either side since 1914.

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The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War Isometimes called the "Second Fatherland War" or "Second Patriotic War"

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The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swissfrontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in 1918.

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A declaration of war is a formal act by which one state goes to war against another. The declaration is a performative speech act (or the signing of a document) by an authorized party of a national government, in order to create a state of war between two or more states.United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs a declaration of war against Nazi Germany on December 11, 1941.In December 8, 1941, the United States Congress declared war (Public Law 77-328, 55 STAT 795) on the Empire of Japan in response to that country's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor the prior day. It was formulated an hour after the Infamy Speech of US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Japan had sent a message to the United States to its embassy in Washington earlier, but because of problems at the embassy in decoding the very long message – the high-security level assigned to the declaration meant that only personnel with very high clearances could decode it, which slowed down the process – it was not delivered to the U.S. Secretary of State until after the Pearl Harbor attack

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When the only surviving heir to Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungary, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, was killed by (Gavrilo Princip), a Serbian nationalist, on 28 June 1914, his death set in motion a chain of events that resulted in the First World War.On Sunday, 28 June 1914, at about 10:45 am, Franz Ferdinand and his wife were killed in Sarajevo the capital of the Austro-Hungarian province of Bosnia and Hersogevina, by Gavrilo Princip, 19 at the time, a member of Young Bosnia and one of a group of assassins organized and armed by the Black Hand.
VIDEO
https://youtu.be/JEGVcSpfM9k

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World War I (often abbreviated to WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars.The war drew in all the world's economic great powers,[9] assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland) versus the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. Although Italy was a member of the Triple Alliance alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary, it did not join the Central Powers, as Austria-Hungary had taken the offensive against the terms of the alliance.[10] These alliances were re organised and expanded as more nations entered the war: Italy, Japan and the United States joined the Allies, while the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers.
video
https://youtu.be/cXT67aDxZk8

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The First Balkan War was fought between the members of the Balkan League—Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, and Montenegro—and the Ottoman Empire. The Balkan League was formed under Russian auspices in the spring of 1912 to take Macedonia away from Turkey, which was already involved in a war with Italy. The league was able to field a combined force of 750,000 men. Montenegro opened hostilities by declaring war on Turkey on Oct. 8, 1912, and the other members of the league followed suit 10 days later.

The Balkan allies were soon victorious. In Thrace, the Bulgarians defeated the main Ottoman forces, advancing to the outskirts of Constantinople (now Istanbul) and laying siege to Adrianople (Edirne). In Macedonia, the Serbian army achieved a great victory at Kumanovo that enabled it to capture Bitola and to join forces with the Montenegrins and enter Skopje. The Greeks, meanwhile, occupied Salonika(Thessaloníki) and advanced on Ioánnina. In Albania, the Montenegrins besieged Shkodër, and the Serbs entered Durrës.

The Turkish collapse was so complete that all parties were willing to conclude an armistice on Dec. 3, 1912. A peace conference was begun in London, but after a coup d’état by the Young Turks in Constantinople in January 1913, war with the Ottomans was resumed. Again the allies were victorious: Ioánnina fell to the Greeks and Adrianople to the Bulgarians. Under a peace treaty signed in Londonon May 30, 1913, the Ottoman Empire lost almost all of its remaining European territory, including all of Macedonia and Albania. Albanian independence was insisted upon by the European powers, and Macedonia was to be divided among the Balkan allies.

The Second Balkan War began when Serbia, Greece, and Romania quarreled with Bulgaria over the division of their joint conquests in Macedonia. On June 1, 1913, Serbia and Greece formed an alliance against Bulgaria, and the war began on the night of June 29/30, 1913, when King Ferdinand of Bulgaria ordered his troops to attack Serbian and Greek forces in Macedonia. The Bulgarians were defeated, however, and a peace treaty was signed between the combatants on Aug. 10, 1913. Under the terms of the treaty, Greece and Serbia divided up most of Macedonia between themselves, leaving Bulgaria with only a small part of the region.

As a result of the Balkan Wars, Greece gained southern Macedonia as well as the island of Crete. Serbia gained the Kosovo region and extended into northern and central Macedonia. Albania was made an independent state under a German prince. The political consequences of the wars were considerable. Bulgaria, frustrated in Macedonia, looked to Austria for support, while Serbia, which had been forced by Austria to give up its Albanian conquests, regarded Vienna with greater hostility than ever. The heightened tensions in the Balkans reached their climax in World War I, which was sparked by the assassination of the Austrian heir-apparent by a Serb in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28, 1914.

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The alliance system was one of the main causes of World War One.The alliance system was made up of two groups, the Central powers (Germany, Austria- Hungary, Italy(1914), and Turkey).The second group was the Allied powers (Russia, France, Great Britain, and United states).The alliance system is when  countries join forces or worked together to achieve a certain goal. The reason that they have the alliances is so when they are in need, the other country or countries can help them out.  Most of the time, the alliances were formed in secret. They were revealed later in public.

If Germany never allied with Austria-Hungary, then the war may have been prevented. Once Germany declared war then all of the other countries allied with Germany  also declared war. The alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary was formed in secret in 1879.It was called the Dual alliance.  They promised to support each other if Russia ever attacked.  Over 10 additional nations got involved in WWI because of the alliance system.

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The brewing tension caused by growing nationalism worsened internal conflicts brought by dissent between members of the same nation-state.Class warfare shook the balance of power held by conservative leadership classes.

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The Rise of Nationalism and Colonial rivalries

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The Rise of Nationalism and Colonial rivalries

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The root of rivalries between European powers in the 1800 was the rise of nationalism.

Nationalism brewed tensions between nations such as France and Germany, with the defeat of the French in the Franco-Prussian War in 1870-1871, leading to the formation and strengthening of the German Reich.This sparked an air of revenge for the French and a glaring determination for the Germans to keep her conquest, especially the annexed territories of Alsace-Lorraine.

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https://sites.google.com/a/ucps.k12.nc.us/wwi-y/m-a-i-n/alliances
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Balkan-Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_war
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_declaration_of_war_on_Japan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Nations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland
https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005143

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https://youtu.be/40bI1iBwUR0

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WORLD WAR I - WORLD WAR II

Franz Ferdinand Adolf Hitler Czar Nicholas II Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov

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Nationalism - Patriotic feeling,principles,or efforts.
Imperialism - A policy of extending a country's power and influence through military force.
Assassination - An action of assassinating someone.
Alliance - Association formed for mutual benefit,especially between organizations or countries
Conscription - Popular method of drafting soldiers.
Militarism - Desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability.
Black Hand - Terrorist organization who wanted an independent Bosnia.
Inflation - Massive Rise in general prices.
Totalitarianism - Form of Government that uses absolute control over sociopolitical  and even cultural aspects  of a state.
Fascism - is a system of hypernationalistic  government where the dictator absolutely control the lives of its citizens.

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Analyze the root causes that gave rise to WORLD WAR I

Describe significant events that transpired during WORLD WAR I

Assess the effects of WORLD WAR1

Analyze the efforts of nations to achieve international peace and prosperity

Analyze the causes that gave rise to WORLD WAR II

Analyze the significant events that transpired during WORLD WAR II

Assess the effects of WORLD WAR  II

Reflect critically on learning experiences and processes

Analyze and evaluate major alternative points  of view