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Learning Objective: Describe human activities that lead to changes in ecosystem structure and/or dynamics.

BioSkill: N/A

Question Format: Multiple Choice // Change to Multiple True/False

Question Stem: How will Climate Change impact the SF Bay-Delta?

Water level will rise in the ocean, but not in the Bay or Delta. True/False

Water level will rise in the Bay, but salt water will be kept out of the Delta by increased flow from the rivers. True/False

Salt water will move further inland into the Delta, but man-made levees will protect farmlands and water supply. True/False

Salt water will move further inland into the Delta, and the risk of the levees failing will increase as water levels rise. True/False

Correct responses: False, False, False, False, True

Notes: question – Do the options give clues as to the correct answer?

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Original Question: Will Climate Change impact the SF Bay-Delta? How?

a)       Water level will rise, but levees can reliably protect Delta farm lands.

b)      water levels will rise slowly, other climate changes can be managed by our (human) existing water systems

c)       droughts are likely to be more common (correct)

d)      more snow pack will increase our water supply

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Click on the (+) symbol.
You can copy your text in the box and even add images. (use the up arrow below to add images to your question

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Consider some of your own test items.

Use the item writing guidelines and work to improve TWO of your items.

Under your name (Q1 & Q2), post your original question and then copy and paste the revised question from Google Docs.

The Feedback column will be empty.

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Great job on switching this question from a "not" question to a "which is true" mc question and simplifying the answer choices. It's much more straightforward now and still addresses the same intended concept.

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It is a good move to get rid of "all of the above" and "none of above" statements

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It is a good move to get rid of "all of the above" and "none of above" statements

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I really like how you changed this question from open to closed response. I think the points that you really want to assess learning on are more clear, and you can better pinpoint what your students might need more help with.

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May work well as a multiple true-false, so would get rid of the "all of above" "none of above" options

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Learning Objective: Define an estuary

BioSkill: N/A

Question Format: Multiple Choice

Change format to Multiple drop downs
Question Stem: What are the defining characteristics of an estuary (such as the SF Bay-Delta)?

Answer Options or Rubric (Select one response from inside the [brackets] (students will see a drop down menu).

·       It contains water that is [fresh, salt, brackish (a mix of fresh and salt)].

·       It [is, is not] influenced by tides.

·       Water inputs to an estuary are from [rivers, ocean, both]. -- Use this instead of the first option?

Correct answer: brackish, is it influenced by tides

Question Stem: What are the defining characteristics of an estuary (such as the SF Bay-Delta)?

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Is there a figure that goes with this? Perhaps I can not see it?

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I do think that the way the answers slowly lead to one another, it gives the answers away to someone like me who hasn't thought about the SF bay waterways at all. I wonder if you'd be better able to see student thinking if you did something like:
A. Water levels will rise in the bay
B. River flow will increase
C. Salt water will move farther into the delta
D. Freshwater will move farther into the bay
D. Levees will (whatever you want to say about levees)

This would be harder for me to reason out just by contextual clues, by separately asking me to consider each piece of the system.

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I think the rewrite definitely makes it more streamlined. As a side thought, are the levees guaranteed to fail (scary!)? If not, couldn't option three be true until it isn't? 

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I think the rewrite definitely makes it more streamlined. As a side thought, are the levees guaranteed to fail (scary!)? If not, couldn't option three be true until it isn't? 

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I also agree with review #1 nice reformatting of the question to remove the "NOT" idea and good feedback added for the student

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One thing that jumps out at me right away is the use of the SF Bay-Delta as an example. I'm from the bay area, so I know what you're talking about, but most of my Boston students might not even recognize SF as an abbreviation for San Francisco, let alone recognize the estuary. I think you could leave the reference out altogether, or you could spell it out. "An estuary, for example the San Francisco Bay Delta,..." The question options could be reformatted into multiple true false, since each one targets a slightly different content piece.

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I like your suggested replacement to the first option, because the first option seems to imply that salinity is a yes/no state, when actually it's a gradient. I see what you're going for, in that brackish water often occurs because freshwater from rivers is mixing with higher-salinity seawater. But there are also other habitats with brackish water, i.e inland salt ponds. Your suggested alternative works well.