# data[].attributes.headline
GENRE- The different sub-types of photography such as portrait photography, landscape, fashion, sports, black and white. 

# data[].attributes.subject
GENRE- The different sub-types of photography such as portrait photography, landscape, fashion, sports, black and white. 

# data[].attributes.headline
35mm film- The standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex (SLR) still cameras and motion picture cameras. Dating back to the first quarter of the 20th century, the 35mm format has mostly given way to digital still and video technologies.

# data[].attributes.subject
35mm film- The standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex (SLR) still cameras and motion picture cameras. Dating back to the first quarter of the 20th century, the 35mm format has mostly given way to digital still and video technologies.

# data[].attributes.headline
twin-lens camera- A type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens", while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

# data[].attributes.subject
twin-lens camera- A type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens", while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

# data[].attributes.headline
camera obscura- A camera obscura is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole.

# data[].attributes.subject
camera obscura- A camera obscura is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole.

# data[].attributes.headline
gelatin silver process- the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography. As such, films and printing papers available for analog photography rarely rely on any other chemical process to record an image.

# data[].attributes.subject
gelatin silver process- the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography. As such, films and printing papers available for analog photography rarely rely on any other chemical process to record an image.

# data[].attributes.body
Photo curators collect, exhibit, research and maintain the photo collection at a museum. They are also responsible for the storage and presentation of photographical collections. At a museum, the curator's position is perhaps the most important position of them all.

# data[].attributes.body
An exhibition, in the most general sense, is an organized presentation and display of a selection of items. In practice, exhibitions usually occur within a cultural or educational setting such as a museum, art gallery, park, library, exhibition hall, or World's fairs.

# data[].attributes.body
a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

# data[].attributes.body
A museum is an institution that cares for a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.

# data[].attributes.body
A photographic studio is often a business owned and represented by one or more photographers, possibly accompanied by assistants and pupils, who create and sell their own and sometimes others’ photographs.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

# data[].attributes.body
The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

# data[].attributes.body
An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

# data[].attributes.body
symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis.

# data[].attributes.body
lack of equality or equivalence between parts or aspects of something; lack of symmetry.

# data[].attributes.body
the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

# data[].attributes.body
Abstraction in its main sense is a conceptual process where general rules and concepts are derived from the usage and classification of specific examples, literal signifiers, first principles, or other methods.

# data[].attributes.body
The gradient of H at a point is a plane vector pointing in the direction of the steepest slope or grade at that point. The steepness of the slope at that point is given by the magnitude of the gradient vector.

# data[].attributes.body
Cool colors include green, blue, and purple, and variations of those three colors. Blue is the only primary color within the cool spectrum. Greens take on some of the attributes of yellow, and purple takes on some of the attributes of red. They are often more subdued than warm colors.

# data[].attributes.body
One group of colors in the color wheel is associated with the sun, warmth and fire. These colors are called warm colors since they evoke warm feelings in people. Yellow, red, orange and different shades of these colors are warm colors.

# data[].attributes.body
In the context of interior design, neutral means without color. Neutrals such as beige, ivory, taupe, black, gray, and shades of white appear to be without color, but in many applications these hues often have undertones

# data[].attributes.body
Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined or mixed, cancel each other out by producing a grayscale color like white or black.

# data[].attributes.body
Monochromatic colors are all the colors of a single hue. Monochromatic color schemes are derived from a single base hue and extended using its shades, tones and tints.

# data[].attributes.body
Balance in photography is observed when an image has subject areas that look balanced throughout the composition. It is achieved by shifting the frame and juxtaposing subjects within it so objects, tones, and colors are of equal visual weight.

# data[].attributes.body
Variety is about varying elements and objects in your image, to avoid making them boring. Variety can also be varying your angles, exposure, composition, etc., to get a few different looks to the same image.

# data[].attributes.body
Pattern photography is the concept of integrating a repetition of elements into your photographs. Our daily lives are filled with repetitive patterns. Whether with shapes, colors or textures, perfect examples of repetition exist all around us.

# data[].attributes.body
Proportion in photography is usually comparing size of objects, or the amount of one thing to the whole. We generally think of comparing size when talking about proportion. By comparing the size of one object to another, it can give more or less importance to it.

# data[].attributes.body
To be brief, motion photography is about showing movement. Adding a slight blur of the action to your shot helps tell a story. This storytelling element makes the images a little less static and unexpected. Another reason why showing movement stands out is because it sets the mood.

# data[].attributes.body
Unity is a principle of visual design in photography that involves the repetition of certain elements in an image to make it visually pleasing. Employing unity when creating a photo brings all the elements together to make a cohesive, strong image that feels like they all fit together.

# data[].attributes.body
Emphasis​is defined as an area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a ​focal point.

# data[].attributes.body
Constructive criticism focuses on providing constructive feedback, supported by specific examples, to help you improve in some area. Constructive criticism should be offered in a friendly manner with good intentions.

# data[].attributes.body
Plagiarism is the representation of another author's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as one's own original work.

# data[].attributes.body
Ethics is based on well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues

# data[].attributes.body
Use subjective when you're talking about an opinion or feeling that is based on an individual's perspective or preferences. Use objective when you're talking about something—like an assessment, decision, or report—that's unbiased and based solely on the observable or verifiable facts.

# data[].attributes.body
Copyright is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive right to make copies of a creative work, usually for a limited time. The creative work may be in a literary, artistic, educational, or musical form

# data[].attributes.body
A trademark is a type of intellectual property consisting of a recognizable sign, design, or expression which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others, although trademarks used to identify services are usually called service marks.

# data[].attributes.body
The rule of thirds is a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open. While there are other forms of composition, the rule of thirds generally leads to compelling and well-composed shots.

# data[].attributes.body
Leading lines are lines that appear in a photograph that have been framed and positioned by the photographer to draw the viewer's eye towards a specific point of interest.

# data[].attributes.body
You can find the Golden Ratio when you divide a line into two parts and the longer part (a) divided by the smaller part (b) is equal to the sum of (a) + (b) divided by (a), which both equal 1.618. This formula can help you when creating shapes, logos, layouts, and more

# data[].attributes.body
Negative space photography is the area surrounding the main subject in a photo that is left unoccupied. Put simply, it is the space around the object itself that helps define the positive space (or main focus).

# data[].attributes.body
Positive space is any part of the photo that jumps out from its surroundings. That includes your subject, for example, along with other noteworthy areas of detail. Negative space is just the opposite — parts of an image that don't attract as much attention, surrounding the positive space and giving it a buffer.

# data[].attributes.body
Backlighting means that you compose your pictures so that the primary light source is behind your subject. This can add a unique atmosphere to your photos while emphasising the subject.

# data[].attributes.body
Diffused lighting is most commonly used in portrait photography. The even light is flattering for subjects because it eliminates shadows, softens the face, and allows the subject to relax without squinting.

# data[].attributes.body
Ambient light can be defined as any form of light that you didn't add to your photo. This can include both natural and artificial lighting.

# data[].attributes.body
Chiaroscuro is an Italian term, made from two words – chiaro meaning bright or clear and scuro meaning dark or obscure. ... In photography, the chiaroscuro lighting technique can be defined simply as high contrast lighting

# data[].attributes.body
In photography, a silhouette is defined as an outline that appears dark against a light background. More specifically, it is where your subject is seen as a black shape without detail against a brighter background.

# data[].attributes.body
A diptych is any object with two flat plates which form a pair, often attached by hinge. For example, the standard notebook and school exercise book of the ancient world was a diptych consisting of a pair of such plates that contained a recessed space filled with wax.

# data[].attributes.body
A triptych is a work of art that is divided into three sections, or three carved panels that are hinged together and can be folded shut or displayed open.

# data[].attributes.body
Orthographic projection is a means of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions. It is a form of parallel projection, in which all the projection lines are orthogonal to the projection plane, resulting in every plane of the scene appearing in affine transformation on the viewing surface.

# data[].attributes.body
Barrel distortion describes a type of distortion wherein lines that are straight in real life appear to curve inwards (like the walls of a barrel). A good way to check for barrel distortion is to look for parallel lines in the area you are shooting and see if the lines appear parallel in your image.

# data[].attributes.body
in pincushion distortion (right), magnification increases with distance.

# data[].attributes.body
In very basic terms, ISO is simply a camera setting that will brighten or darken a photo. As you increase your ISO number, your photos will grow progressively brighter.

# data[].attributes.body
The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light. If everything else is kept constant, the required exposure time is inversely proportional to the ASA rating. ... …with the still widely used ASA speed).

# data[].attributes.body
An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image. It does so by converting the variable attenuation of light waves into signals, small bursts of current that convey the information.

# data[].attributes.body
Film grain or granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons

# data[].attributes.body
Image noise is random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise. It can be produced by the image sensor and circuitry of a scanner or digital camera.

# data[].attributes.body
In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane.

# data[].attributes.body
In optics, the f-number of an optical system such as a camera lens is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil.

# data[].attributes.body
The focal length of a lens is determined when the lens is focused at infinity. Lens focal length tells us the angle of view—how much of the scene will be captured—and the magnification—how large individual elements will be.

# data[].attributes.body
For many cameras, depth of field is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image. The depth of field can be calculated based on focal length, distance to subject, the acceptable circle of confusion size, and aperture

# data[].attributes.body
In photography, bokeh is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in out-of-focus parts of an image. Bokeh has also been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light".

# data[].attributes.body
Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot.

# data[].attributes.body
As the name suggests, “Manual” mode stands for a full manual control of Aperture and Shutter Speed. In this mode, you can manually set both the aperture and the shutter speed to any value you want – the camera lets you fully take over the exposure controls.

# data[].attributes.body
Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av (for aperture value) on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions

# data[].attributes.body
Shutter priority, also called time value, refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

# data[].attributes.body
the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed. Program mode also unlocks other functions that give you more creative control over your images.

# data[].attributes.body
Shutter speed is exactly what it sounds like: It's the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes. A fast shutter speed creates a shorter exposure — the amount of light the camera takes in — and a slow shutter speed gives the photographer a longer exposure.

# data[].attributes.body
The Bulb setting on camera shutters is a momentary-action mode that holds shutters open for as long as a photographer depresses the shutter-release button.

# data[].attributes.body
Motion blur is the blur seen in moving objects in a photograph or a single frame of film or video. ... A slower shutter speed exposes for a longer period of time, so moving objects move further than they would with a faster shutter speed, and they blur more.

# data[].attributes.body
A tripod is a portable three-legged frame or stand, used as a platform for supporting the weight and maintaining the stability of some other object.

# data[].attributes.body
Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

# data[].attributes.body
Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

# data[].attributes.body
Time-lapse photography is a technique in which the frequency at which film frames are captured is much lower than the frequency used to view the sequence.

# data[].attributes.body
Light painting helps you capture light trails by allowing the shutter to stay open for a longer time. No manual aperture and shutter adjustment is involved. Just choose from the available options depending on the subjects and light conditions.

# data[].attributes.body
panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right.

# data[].attributes.body
Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode, continuous mode, or burst shot, is a shooting mode in still cameras. In burst mode, the photographer captures several photos in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down.

# data[].attributes.body
In photography, painting, and other visual arts, middle gray or middle grey is a tone that is perceptually about halfway between black and white on a lightness scale; in photography and printing, it is typically defined as 18% reflectance in visible light.

# data[].attributes.body
With spot metering, the camera will measure only a very small area of the scene (1–5% of the viewfinder area). ... Spot metering allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person's face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline.

# data[].attributes.body
Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject. When the background is brighter than the subject due to reasons like back lighting, this metering mode is particularly useful.

# data[].attributes.body
Center-weighted average metering works on the assumption that the most important part of the image is probably in the center. It measures the whole scene but places extra emphasis on the light values in the middle. Center-weighted averaging is a bit of a throwback.

# data[].attributes.body
Evaluative metering is the default metering mode on most cameras. It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

# data[].attributes.body
A shadow is a dark area where light from a light source is blocked by an opaque object. It occupies all of the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it.

# data[].attributes.body
Midtones. A mid-tone is precisely that – all luminance values that are not dark or light are considered to be mid-tones. Most of the time our camera meter will attempt to expose for this average brightness when in 'Automatic Mode. '

# data[].attributes.body
Highlights are the lightest elements in an image, whereas shadows are the darkest areas. Dynamic range is the ratio between those vivid highlights and dark shadows, from bright white to pure black. ... Alternatively, the white point is the part of the image that is completely white — the brightest spot in the photo.

# data[].attributes.body
A vignette is a short, descriptive scene. ... Vignettes are intended to leave an impression on the audience's mind. You might find a vignette in works of fiction or nonfiction, essays, films, and theatrical scripts. It'll focus on a particular moment and provide more information about a character, theme, mood, or idea.

# data[].attributes.body
“Sepia photography is similar to black-and-white photography in that it's monochromatic, meaning one tone or one color. ... While traditional black-and-white photographs use a standard grayscale to create highlights and shadows, sepia-toned photos use a reddish-brown tone to create that spectrum.

# data[].attributes.body
An AF point is a specific part of the frame where the camera is able to focus on something. When looking through the viewfinder, these points are denoted by small squares clustered around the centre of the frame.

# data[].attributes.body
Bracketing is a technique where a photographer takes shots of the same image using different camera settings. ... The most common type of bracketing is exposure bracketing, where the same shot is captured with at least three different exposures

# data[].attributes.body
It shows you what you have set in terms of exposure compensation and/or auto exposure bracketing. It is only shown in exposure modes that use exposure compensation or auto exposure bracketing. The scale on the side shows the measurement from the light meter based on the current exposure parameters.

# data[].attributes.body
Exposure Compensation allows photographers to override exposure settings picked by camera's light meter, in order to darken or brighten images before they are captured. ... This is done in order to get as close to the middle gray as possible, so that the resulting image is not too dark or too bright.

# data[].attributes.body
A white balance card (or gray card) helps you adjust the white balance and exposure settings of images by providing a reference point. The reference point prompts your camera to compensate for any white light on an image.

# data[].attributes.body
Workspace Switcher displays a visual representation of your workspaces, as shown in Figure 4–3. Figure 4–3 shows the Workspace Switcher when the Java Desktop System session contains four workspaces.

# data[].attributes.body
The toolbar is where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with. There are tools for making selections, for cropping and retouching images, for adding shapes and type, and many more!

# data[].attributes.body
Palettes [shown right] are groups of tools used to edit and manipulate your image. Photoshop contains over two dozen palettes that can be shown or hidden by using the Window menu and selecting the palette you wish to reveal.

# data[].attributes.body
The menu bar is used to open and save files, adjust the canvas size, access some of the editing tools, open and close various windows, and more. The menu bar consists of 11 items: File, Edit, Image, Layer, Select, Filter, Analysis, 3D, View, Window, and Help