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 incremental = adjustment of products or services in price or functionalities to the benefits of users : can lead to significant improvement in price + functionality  making late entrants very successful

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Radical innovation = entirely new product or service :(highly uncertain return on investment + resistance to change from employees and company's management) 

incremental = adjustment of products or services in price or functionalities to the benefits of users : can lead to significant improvement in price + functionality  making late entrants very successful

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price too high, failure of the copyright, bad usage of IPR, to easy to imitate 

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Radical innovation is under the threat of competitors incrementally improving the product and being more successful by targeting a market where the improvement brought by the new technology, in terms of use, will be more significant.
Initiator of the innovation is a first-mover and can monopolise the market and the related profits (Intellecuatl property rights). Mainly big firms can leave the small firms behind with high market entry barriers.

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incremental innovation concerns an existing product, service, process,

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A radical or disruptive innovation is one that has a significant impact on a market 

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Questions to guide your discussion in teams. 

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Questions to guide your discussion in teams. 

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Main reasons for success: Incrementally improving existing products; Initiator of innovation needs to be the first-mover (=monopolising market / big market share); usage, availability & adoption by users

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radical innovation, differ significantly from its predecessors
von Gabrielle Brunner an alle in dieser Teilgruppen-Sitzung:    10:23 AM
incremental improvement, slight improvement or adaption to better success

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Main reasons for failure: Moving too early, when technology is immature; price; radical but ill-targeted; lack of patent/copyrights

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What were the main reasons for the success/failure of the new products?
moving too early can lead to failure
advantage over scarce resources
technology might be too mature
only attracting early adopters, missing out the potential of laggers or late adopters
different level of knowledge and expertise of consumers
network externalities
switching costs
know-how: learning by doing
intellectual property rights
complementary assets

What is the difference between incremental and radical innovation?
incremental: something already existing, with improved features or features that haven’t been provided yet
radical: completely new invention

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Success:  
Incremental innovation, iMac:
	○ all in one industrial standard 
	○ Successful mainly because of the design and the userfriendliness

Incremental innovation, iPod: 
	○ no additional features but design and userfriendliness
	○ Market domiance

Failure: 
Radical Innovation, PC Lisa 
	○ userfriendly not only for experts. 
	○ However programmers didn't want laypeople to get access to PC's and therefore prefered IBM
	○ no market dominance (PC). GUI was only a marginal improvement, easier to use but new so it created a switching costs for new users. Hardware was incompatible with other devices. Little network of programmers for Lisa, so no development.

Radical Innovation, Newton
	○ too pricy. 
	○ Less compability and harder synchronization then the competitor Palm, even palm had less features.