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1. What does it mean to be a sustainable Singapore?
2. What do you think you can do to lead a sustainable lifestyle?

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Ministry of Sustainability and the Environment

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Sustainable Singapore Blueprint: What if?

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Would you adopt a zero-waste lifestyle? Why, or why not? [pp20-22]

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Which is better - to be the odd one out or to follow the crowd? [pp28-30]

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Which practices do you think your country can adopt from Oslo to make your city a greener place? [pp 15-16]

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Watch and Reflect
How can countries help more fragile economies to adapt to the changing conditions of climate change? Which countries can help them?

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Let's analyse this question from a geographer's perspective:

1. Making public transport a choice mode

Build a Integrated public transport system; Bus lane scheme; Expansion of railway network; Increase capacity and frequency of buses and MRTs

These measures encourage people to take public transport instead of driving cars.

2. Managing road usage

Tax for car purchase, raise parking fee, increase cost of fuels, charge more for ERP.

BAN CARS IN DOWNTOWN AREA

These measures discourages car ownership and car usage

3. Other measures

Encouraging cycling by building more cycling lanes

Car-lite movement

Refer to Sec 2 Geog TB Chap 4 'Transport'

* From 2020 Sec 2 Geog WA 3:
https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/the-big-read-why-singapore-has-yet-to-become-a-cycling-paradise-11171774
This article shows why the measures from Oslo are difficult to be implemented in SG.

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None of the practises can be implemented in Singapore.
The first one, bike lanes. Singapore is a space scarce city. There is not much space for bike lanes as due to Singapore’s high population, many empty spaces are used for housing or for business. Unlike Oslo, Singapore is already developed most of its land thus making this harder or impossible to implement.
The second one, public bikes. This is although a viable solution in Oslo, it is not in SG. Oslo is located in the northern hemisphere where weather is cooler than SG, but in SG, it is hot and humid which makes it a terrible spot to cycle in. Plus it may be unsafe as SG has little bike lanes, forcing many cyclist to cycle on the road. Not to mention the lazyattitude SG has, this makes people dump bikes on the roads. Thus it is not a good idea to have public bikes.

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I believe that Singapore should build a lot and a lot of bicycle paths everywhere, beside roads, beside the pedestrian sidewalks, beside highways, beside mrt tracks and airplane runways, through our schools, and in malls

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Quadruple Door Buses & Digital Bus Tickets- .- -  .  .  -

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Cycling paths on the roads, remove carparks. Encouraging cycling makes the country greener. Upgrading public transport can increase efficiency, encouraging people to take public transport instead of driving. By removing carparks, people in Oslo will not find parking easily along the road side, and they will not drive out, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Placing more bikes allows people in Oslo to rent them and ride.

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Upgrading cycling paths and public  transport systems for example making cycling paths wider and improve efficiency of public transport

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Have more bicycle lanes and  increase the price of owning a car so less people will use cars as a mode of transport.

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Remove car parks. Car owners will
be left with no choice but to give up driving and instead cycle or take public transport. Of course, the government will also need to build more cycling tracks to meet the demand of cycling.

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Singapore as a country could incorporate more bicycle lanes around various roads, to avoid cyclists being required to cycle amongst crowds of cars, with a significant risk of injury or death through vehicle collisions, obscure blindspots, or other common fatal instances on our roads. Bicycle lanes would not affect normal vehicle lanes to a disruptive extent as well, and are cost-effective.

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Make public transport and bikes more accessible and easier, and upgrading cycling paths as well as stations and railroads, so as to encourage the people to take it, thus reducing carbon emissions, ultimately making the country cleaner and greener.

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They basically promoted cycling within the city by converting roads for cars to roads for bicycles and improved bike sharing platforms. They also improved public transport, which made public transport and cycling better alternatives to driving cars. This ultimately reduces greenhouse gas emissions from cars and makes the city cleaner and greener.

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encourage the citizens to reduce private car usage by reducing spaces meant for cars & promote cycling by increasing bicycle lanes

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Bikes.Green bikes.Say no to cars.Yes to bus.Yes to train.No to car.Less carbon emiśión .Free bikes to all people in Singapore.

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i think they should make more bicycle lanes for the cyclists by removing the road parking and also rent bicycles to people to cycle.

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I think that removing carparks and encouraging cycling is a good practice as they are able to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, hence, making the city greener.

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Add cycling lanes and also add renting bicycle station that are easily accessible and also put them in convenient location. This will encourage a greener city and encourage people to cycle or learn to cycle.

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We can definitely increase bike lane capacity to encourage road biking and greener transport

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They should reduce the amount of driving lanes for cars but an increase in lanes for bikes eg, places to park their bikes . They can help to upgrade bikes such as its feature. It shows how the people living ther are accommodating to those practices as a whole to help the environment together.

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Singapore can start building new cycling lanes along the roads and also make the car road narrower so that more people will feel encouraged to ride bicycle instead of driving. The narrow roads will also discourage drivers from driving. Besides, Singapore can also invest in more communal bicycles stationed at every MRT stations so that people get get access to the the bicycles easily, thus they will want to cycle. Therefore this can adopt a greener city.

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Building more cycling lanes

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Reducing cars on the road by adding more public transport and encouraging people to cycle by building more cycling paths.

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They created more bike lanes

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Giving them public bikes to ride on and encouraging cycling.
They also prioritise the road space for the pedestrians and cyclists rather than for the vehicles. Furthermore, they removed multiple parking spaces and converted them into cycling lanes instead.

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Build more cycling lanes and reduce the driving lanes on the road. Encourage citizens to cycle instead of driving.

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Create more cycling lanes for people to cycle on the road so that lesser people will drive and hence, reduce emission of greenhouse gases and making city a greener place.

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Have less cars and remove the carparks they can also nor’easter the parking fees so that less people will drive private cars and go for a cheaper option such as public bus services or train services. There can be more bikes for the public use and they can improve their public transport to be more efficient so that more people will enjoy their ride and be more willing to take the public transport

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Encourage citizens to walk, cycle and reduce greenhouse emissions

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Make cars as inaccessible as possible.1 traffic light very 5 metres.

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Cities can implement free bicycles for residents to use so that they don’t need to use cars or buy a new bicycle

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Develop public transport and cycling infrastructure and create pro-cycling propaganda commercials and posters that get played in places with heavy human traffic.

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Promote cycling and adding more cycling lanes

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Build more cycling lanes and heavily promote cycling in the country

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Increasing the number of bicycle lanes and removing parking lots would discourage people from using cars as a mode of transport. This would decrease the carbon emissions produced and would make the city greener.

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Improve transport system by building more cycling lanes.

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i think our country can follow them by adding the special sides for bicycles on the road and also increase the amount of rent bicycles around sg to encourage more people to use bicycles instead of driving

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Create more cycling lanes and promote cycling in the country so that people will be encouraged to cycle

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From an optimistic point of view, Singapore has the capability to implement and utilize all of the strategies made use by Oslo. Firstly, Singapore can easily reduce the number of car park by replacing the parking around HDB apartments with  more green space and playground as well as roll out policies apropos of decreasing personal vehicle. Doing so will incentivize pedestrians to walk more as well as encourage people who previously drive to commute on foot.

Secondly, since Singapore’s streets has been designed well with broad lanes and safe walkway coupled with an integrated public transport system, it is conducive for tram development as commuters will have great accessibility to the network and combine the usage with other modes of transportation.  Furthermore, trams can entirely supersede the role of motorized vehicles in areas surrounding shopping centers, tourist destinations and landmarks such as in the case of Orchard road and Clarke Quay as visitors are more prone to walk than driving between the hallmarks.

On the other hand, cycling might not work as an effective solution in the effort to reduce the number of personal vehicles in Singapore as proven beforehand by the failure of the government to introduce cycling as a comfortable  method of transportation. One of the most prominent attributes is Singapore’s tropical climate, which can be extremely unforgiving and unfavorable during summer and pose proximity hazards during rainy days. Another disadvantage of cycling is that this medium of transportation is unproductive in all metrics, from speed to reliability, meaning it can be use for recreational trips. All in all, the shortcomings of cycling have made it corollary unsuitable for prolonged regular usage and dependent.

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Many countries can help weaker economies by providing them with better and more efficient technologies. This way, that country does not let their economy drop while the other country can get their economy rising using the technology to help with their massive growth.

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Countries could help them by providing them with saplings and water, which would help as the trees that would grow would help cool the country down. First World Countries like USA, Britain, etc...

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Several measures have already been put in place to combat climate change, such as the Kyoto Protocol, the Copenhagen Accord, and the Paris Agreement, whereby developed countries are urged to assist and endow countries with fragile and vulnerable economies.

These measures however, are not nearly enough. Developed countries must step forth and turn their oaths into action. With their technological advancements, developed countries can invest and research ways to enhance plant growth and how to create crops that are invulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change. They can invest in advanced irrigation techniques that save water and power, and materials that save inconceivable amounts of money.

To move forward in technology is the best way to counter the impacts of climate change in the metamodern contemporary world, and we need to find an equilibrium where we can provide for both the people of the present, and also the future.

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There are many international responses to climate change:

Kyoto Protocol

Copenhagen Accord

Paris Agreement

Developed countries (DC) can help Less developed countries (LDC) in combating climate change, e.g. by contributing in carbon emission reduction projects by providing helps with funds and technology.
However, since the protocols are not compulsory or legally bounded, they may not be effective. For example, the USA withdraws from the Paris Agreement in 2017.
Refer to Upper Sec Physical Geog TB ‘Weather & Climate’ KQ 2

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Countries can modernise their agricultural sector by incorporating innovative technology into farming such as vertical farming, eco-farming and greenhouses and spending budget on insightful researches regarding the future of agriculture. Developed and industrialised countries such as the US, Japan and China can help the developing countries by providing them with ancillary machinery and technology transfers.

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Developed countries, or more specifically, first world countries, would be able to provide smaller and undeveloped regions of our world through minimal investments to avoid common altercations met through mass agricultural production.

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They can donate resources to these less privileged countries and manpower to help build more energy sources like solar panels and improve their infrastructure so that they consume lesser energy. The wealthier countries can also introduce more cost efficient technology to reduce their energy usage and build more precautions in case of a natural disaster like flood walls.

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Larger and more developed countries can provide those less developed countries with advanced and green technology. This would help to develope the smaller countries and better green technology can be developed quicker. This cycle will repeat itself. If the developed countries help this would also help the with the situation of poverty as better technology will provide help with those who are less fortune or have been affected due to climate change.

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Developed countries should provide those less developed countries technology

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Countries like America and China can help weaker economies by providing them with technologies to deal with climate change. They also invest other things to help the weaker economies deal with climate change.

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Countries can invest money into the livelihood of the people in developing countries, and can also invest in the creating a world that is more sustainable and works towards reducing climate change

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More developed countries should provide weaker countries with resources so that there is a more efficient economy

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More developed countries should provide less developed countries with technologies or insightful ideas to prevent their crops from damage or inefficiency.

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Richer countries can provide more carbon-free machineries and technologies to help the poorer countries such as implementing new tractors, factories and machines to reduce carbon emission into the surroundings. This can help the world and the poor to reduce their carbon emission and lead to a greener environment, it will also prevent poorer countries from facing any natural disasters and inequality. In addition, countries can also bring environmental activists to the poorer countries to teach the youth about living sustainably and reduce their own carbon footprint. This is I will encourage the youths to become a part to help reduce carbon emissions. Youths will also learn how to incorporate news ideas on tackling environmental issues.
Developed countries should help them, like America, Canada, Japan , England etc.

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Countries can provide resources/funds for the fragile economies for them to build more infrastructure that will aid them with reducing climate change. Countries like America, China, etc can help them.

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Countries can help more fragile economics to adapt to the changing conditions of climate change by providing money to build energy-efficient appliances. This would reduce climate change. The more wealthy and developed countries can help the more fragile economics.

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Countries like China and America can help more fragile countries by giving them economic support in helping them to lessen the impact of the disaster.

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I think that developed countries should provide money to  developing  countries  since
developed countries are responsible for the pollution in the first place.

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We are slowing increasing in temperature due to global warming this can lead to catastrophic chain of events we need to enter into more agreement like the Paris agreement to help reduce our carbon foot print

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More developed countries can provide smaller countries with the necessary resources or technology to help them adapt to the changing conditions of climate change without failing their economies.

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developed countries can help weaker economies by providing with technology that can help them to reduce climate change

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Developed countrieslike USA can provide funds to the fragile economy like better tools for agriculture.

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developed countries should help those poorer and undeveloped countries in the reducing climate change by giving them technology and money .

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They can help the countries which are less privileged by providing goods

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My country can encourage cycling like Oslo

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Countries can provide these less economic countries funds and technology for them to better handle the climate change

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More developed countries can provide resources to less developed countries so that countries can change their way of providing energy for their country like upgrading it to biofuels for a greener country so that lesser carbon dioxide and other gases will be emit out, reducing carbon footprint.

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The more developed countries can help to donate funds to the less developed countries to help them to fight against climate change.

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Developed countries can donate resources and ideas to help support countries with fragile economy

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I think that rich countries such as America, Australia, and the United Kingdom don’t necessarily have a responsibility to help out poorer, less developed countries. However, if they truly care for the environment and the wellbeing of those who cannot afford to change their own country’s lifestyle, they could send people and more advanced technologies to educate and improve the country’s general wellbeing, allowing them to sustain themselves without constant aid from other countries. -Alena

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Countries especially developed one and each out a helping hand and provide some funds and digital machines that can help in the agricultural jobs such as weather trackers so they are able to check the humidity and rainfall even wind speed and adjust to the way the species of crops are growing . The developing countries should also be independent by investing in insurance for what they do for a living so if there are any natural disasters they can still get some funds back so they won’t have to suffer a huge loss .

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Countries can help by providing money and machinery to produce more environmentally friendly energy for example, the Kyoto Protocol where more developed countries can opt to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions for acknowledgment from the UN to countries who successfully reduced emissions and that more developed countries would have to contribute billions of dollars and supply environmental friendly technologies. As well as doing climate related studies and research to reduce more greenhouse gas emissions.

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Countries that are wealthy and developed, can help countries that have fragile economies by supporting them with necessary technology for agricultural activities.