# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
A broader view of poverty in East Asia and Pacific

# data[].attributes.body
This article is about poverty in East Asia and how the poverty line is to low. It being right now $1.90. but people under $5.50 are also struggling with poverty and being poor.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
A broader view of poverty in East Asia and Pacific

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
tweetable]]Economic progress in East Asia and Pacific (EAP) has greatly contributed to the global reduction of extreme poverty. The more prosperous countries in the region - China, Thailand, and Malaysia - now have poverty rates of less than 1 percent measured by the $1.90/day (2011 PPP) International Poverty Line.[[/tweetable]]

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Pandemic pushes SE Asia back into poverty

# data[].attributes.body
The pandemic caused a lot of job losses in East Asia, and 80% of household have lost earnings this year. The number of Cambodians in poverty can double making 1.3 million people below the poverty line. Poverty rates could even double if the loss of $0.30 happened

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Pandemic pushes SE Asia back into poverty

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Poverty rates in Southeast Asia will rise for the first time in nearly two decades as pandemic-induced economic crisis causes most regional countries to contract, not grow, in 2020. If Southeast As…

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
A snapshot of poverty and inequality in Asia

# data[].attributes.body
Asia poverty rate dropped from 73.6% in 1965 to 10% in 2014. Southeast Asia has eliminated extreme poverty in Taiwan and Hong Kong in 1960, Singapore in 1970, South Korea in 1980, Malay Asia in the last 1990s, and Thailand and Indonesia in the 2000s. Although most of these countries are out of extreme poverty over 420 million are moderately poor in Asia.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Asia has achieved remarkable economic growth and seen hundreds of millions of citizens rise out of poverty since the mid-1960s. Constructing and analysing the factors behind continent's poverty and inequality over the last fifty years helps gain important insights for further reducing global poverty in the next decade.

Based on the USD 3.20 per day poverty line, Asia's poverty rate dropped from 73.6% in 1965 to less than 10% in 2014

The global target under the Millennium Development Goal on poverty reduction would not have been met if Asia had been excluded

Almost 250 million further Asians could have been lifted out of poverty if not for rising inequality in the region, especially in East Asia

For Asia as a whole, the Gini index, an indicator of inequality, saw over 10% increase between 1965 and 2006. The GDP per capita has declined by USD 209 on average for every percentage point increase in the Gini coefficient

Fast growth, coupled with ageing and unemployment, are key drivers of inequality in Asia

Employment is an important factor in fighting both poverty and inequality

Fast growth and poverty reduction

Asia's fast growth began with Japan's economy taking off after the Second World War, followed by the emergence of the four dragons - Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore - in the 1960s and 1970s. Asia's resurgence received a huge boost when China embarked on its reform and opening up in late 1978, and was reinforced later by the fast economic growth in India and other Asian countries.

As a result, Asia's share in global gross domestic product (GDP) has been rising rapidly. The share is expected to rise further and could reach more than 76% by 2040. However, different sub-regions have performed quite differently. East Asia has been the star performer, and, for most years, Southeast Asia performed well too.

Based on the USD 3.20 poverty line, Asia's poverty rate dropped from 73.6% in 1965 to less than 10% in 2014. Using the lower poverty line of USD 1.90, the poverty rate fell from 48.5% to 2.6% during this period. In fact, the Millennium Development Goal on poverty reduction would not have been achieved if Asia were excluded.

At the sub-regional level, in 1965 Southeast Asia was the poorest region. By 2014, however, South Asia was the only sub-region that had not managed to end extreme poverty. Taiwan and Hong Kong eliminated extreme poverty in the late 1960s, Singapore in the mid-1970s. South Korea followed in the early 1980s, Malaysia in the late 1990s, and Thailand and Indonesia in the new millennium.

However, Asia is still some way away from ending moderate poverty (USD 3.20 per day). In 2014, there were still over 420 million moderately poor in Asia.

Regarding drivers of poverty, it is not surprising to find that growth led to poverty reduction, but this benign impact is found to have diminished as economies grow. That is, each percentage point of growth delivered less and less poverty reduction over time. Other poverty-reducing factors include technological progress and trade exposure.

The cost of rising inequality

Fast growth and poverty reduction has been accompanied by rising inequality. For Asia as a whole, the Gini index, an indicator of inequality, increased from 38.5% in 1965 to 42.8% in 2006, before declining in recent years. In particular, inequality worsened significantly in East Asia and in the most populous countries of Asia - China, India, Indonesia, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The recent decline in inequality may be linked to the financial crisis that began in 2008.

Despite its recent declines, inequality has cost Asia dearly. The GDP per capita has declined by USD 209 on average for every percentage point increase in the Gini coefficient. A higher initial inequality is also associated with smaller impacts on poverty of subsequent growth. Research shows that 248.4 million people (under USD 3.20 poverty line) and 145.1 million people (under the USD 1.90 poverty line) could have been lifted out of poverty if not for rising inequality.

One of the most important drivers of inequality is technological change. Unemployment and ageing are found to be drivers of both inequality and poverty, highlighting the importance of employment in fighting both phenomena.

Looking ahead

Regardless of the ongoing de-globalization tide and possible clashes between the old and new global powers, India's growth is expected to accelerate and China's growth may reaccelerate, which would provide major impetus for continued development in Asia and beyond. Both the continued growth and the predicted improvement in income distribution will lead to more Asians rising out of poverty.

Nevertheless, Asia should not be complacent about its growth prospects and the declining trend in inequality. The current levels of inequality could undermine growth, and its cost in terms of lost growth and missed reduction in poverty is quite substantial in Asia.

Asia should remain on high alert as artificial intelligence, big data, and information and communications technology continue to advance, displacing low-skilled labour and benefitting the skilled and those who possess capital. How to generate jobs and reverse the declining labour share in national income is a formidable challenge facing policy makers in Asia and beyond.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
A snapshot of poverty and inequality in Asia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Asia has achieved remarkable economic growth and seen hundreds of millions of citizens rise out of poverty since the mid-1960s. Constructing and analysing the factors behind continent's poverty and inequality over the last fifty years helps gain important insights for further reducing global poverty in the next decade.

# data[].attributes.body
This is showing how the poverty rate increased through the first and second quarter. As you can see transportation income is less, retail, and even manufacturing income is less. This is really bad for the country as it might get higher and higher.
https://www.brinknews.com/quick-take/world-bank-coronavirus-exacerbating-poverty-in-southeast-asia/

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Poverty in East Asia and Southeast Asia: Upper-Middle Income Countries | World Data Lab

# data[].attributes.body
Nearly 1 billion people got out of extreme poverty. 65% of people were living in extreme poverty in China in 1990. Now less than 1% of Chinese people live in extreme poverty.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Poverty in East Asia and Southeast Asia: Upper-Middle Income Countries | World Data Lab

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
If you listen in on any conference today about world poverty, most likely, the discussion will be about Sub-Saharan Africa. As a matter of fact, forecasts indicate that by 2030, the region is expected to have nearly 9 out of 10 of extremely poor people globally which is up from around 2 out of 3 tod…

# data[].attributes.body
The economic shock because of covid has left a make on East asia. For example, major economic levels have average 5% below pre-pandemic levels. China and Vietnam economy are expected to grow by 8.1% and 6.6%.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The economies of East Asia and the Pacific began to bounce back after a severe economic shock in 2020, but recovery has been uneven. Only China and Vietnam have followed a V-shape growth path with output surpassing pre-COVID-19 levels in 2020. In the other major economies, output remained on average around 5% below pre-pandemic levels, with the smallest gap in Indonesia (2.2%) and the largest gap in the Philippines (8.4%). Economic contraction has been particularly severe and persistent in some of the small island economies, with output in 2020 remaining more than 10% below pre-pandemic levels in Fiji, Palau, and Vanuatu.

China and Vietnam are projected to grow by 8.1% and 6.6% respectively in 2021, while the rest of the region, reflecting deeper crisis scars, is projected to grow by about 4.4%, according to Uneven Recovery, the World Bank's April 2021 Economic Update for East Asia and the Pacific. The recovery is expected to be particularly protracted in tourism-dependent Island economies, with growth projected to be negative in about half of the countries, despite having been largely spared by the pandemic.

Due to the economic distress, poverty in the region stopped declining for the first time in 20 years and 32 million people were prevented from escaping poverty. Inequality increased because of the pandemic and the resulting shutdowns, as well as the unequal access to social support and digital technologies. The depletion of physical and human capital is more dire among the poor. In some countries, children of households in the bottom two-fifths of the distribution are 20 percentage points less likely to be engaged in learning than children of the top one-fifth.

Other challenges remain. Rapid urbanization and business demands are feeding a massive need for investment in infrastructure across the region, such as electricity access, adequate sanitation, and broadband infrastructure and connectivity. Fragility and conflict are also intensifying in some countries.

East Asia and the Pacific is the epicenter of the double burden of stunting and obesity-both forms of malnutrition. Stunting significantly reduces the physical and mental capabilities of children, imposing enormous human and economic costs. In Indonesia, for example, where 30.8% of children are stunted, economic losses associated with stunting are estimated at 2%-3% of GDP. In some countries, rates of overweight/obesity among women are alarming, ranging between 40% and more than 80%.

The region includes 13 of the 30 countries that are most vulnerable to climate change. It also bears the brunt of 70% of the world's natural disasters, which have affected more than 1.6 billion people in the region since 2000. Pacific Island countries, where rising sea levels are threatening coastal areas and atoll islands, have been hit hard by climate-induced disasters, including Category Five Tropical Cyclone Harold, which left a path of destruction across Fiji, Tonga, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu in April 2020. Following that, in December 2020, the Category Five Tropical Cyclone Yasa made landfall in Fiji, which caused significant damage and the loss of four lives across two islands. 2021 has already seen two severe Tropical Cyclones in the Pacific.

East Asia and the Pacific is also the largest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for one-third of the world's carbon dioxide emissions and 60% of its coal consumption. Curbing emissions in the region is critical to advancing the global climate change agenda. Guided by the World Bank Group's new Climate Change Action Plan, the World Bank is working with governments, the private sector, and other development partners on a range of innovative solutions to support greener and cleaner energy policies and to unlock the benefits of green, resilient and inclusive development.

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2021

The World Bank's strategy in the region focuses on three priority areas:

Promoting private sector-led growth: Expanding private sector opportunities and creating an enabling environment for investment and innovation are crucial to ensuring sustainable growth in the region. For instance, in Malaysia, where new technologies play a large role in ongoing development, the Bank conducted a diagnostic study to unlock the potential of the digital economy. The report has guided government action in the sector, leading to expanded, cheaper, and faster internet access.

In Fiji, the World Bank Group supported the issuance of the first sovereign green bond by a developing country, which raised US$50 million to support climate change mitigation and adaptation. For investors, green bonds are an attractive investment proposition, as well as an opportunity to support environmentally sound projects. At the request of Fiji's Reserve Bank, the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the private sector arm of the World Bank Group, provided technical assistance throughout the bond development process.

Enhancing resilience and sustainability: In a region highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, the Bank works with countries and partners to enhance resilience, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and support clean energy. For example, in Lao PDR, the Bank is supporting improved resilience to natural disasters. The Lao PDR Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project is helping reduce the impact of flooding in Oudomxay province, while enhancing the capacity to monitor, forecast, and deliver early warning of natural disasters. The project is also improving financial resilience to natural disasters through insurance mechanisms and the development of a national disaster risk financing strategy. In addition, a roads sector project finances the incorporation of climate resilience in vulnerable and critical sections of the Lao road network, including the road asset management system and maintenance procedures. The World Bank's International Development Association (IDA) Crisis Response Window is providing funding to both projects to boost the country's recovery from costly floods and build resilient infrastructure against future floods in Luang Prabang, Borikhamxay, and Oudomxay provinces.

In China, the Hebei Air Pollution Prevention and Control Program (2016-2019) supported the province's efforts to reduce air pollution by implementing a combination of targeted measures including a continuous emission monitoring system, replacement of heavily polluting diesel buses with electric vehicles, and a switch from coal-fueled cookstoves to clean gas stoves.

Building human capital and inclusion: Investing in human capital is key to ensuring long-term sustainable growth and reducing poverty in the region. In Indonesia, the Bank is helping to address child stunting and gaps in safety nets to build human capital.

The country's conditional cash transfer (CCT) Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) has contributed to a reduction in childhood stunting rates, school dropouts, and child labor among participants. Building on these strong results, the World Bank in 2017 supported the government's expansion of PKH coverage from 6 million to 10 million families, or 15% of the population, making it the second largest CCT program in the world. The program further supported efforts to strengthen PKH delivery systems and coordination with other programs. For example, a behavior change communications initiative called "Family Development Sessions" has expanded to help mothers gain a better understanding of health and nutrition, parenting practices, education, and household financial management. Additional financing of US$400 million for the program in 2020 has expanded the scope to include economic empowerment of the poor and vulnerable as well as strengthening Indonesia's social registry. Most recently, the Bank supported the government's COVID-19 response to poor households through US$98 million in additional financing for Indonesia's Social Assistance Reform Program for top-up of cash transfers to existing PKH beneficiaries under a new temporary emergency scheme.

A similar CCT program in the Philippines, locally known as the Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program, covers over 4 million households with children under 18, providing incentives for parents to invest in their health and education. The program has increased school attendance and reduced the gender gap in enrollment. The program's success accounted for a quarter of the country's total poverty reduction over the past seven years.

The World Bank approved US$7.3 billion for 77 operations in the region in fiscal year 2020, including US$4.8 billion in International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) loans and US$2.5 billion in IDA commitments. The Bank also signed Reimbursable Advisory Services agreements - customized advisory services and analytics paid for by noncommercial requesting clients - with three countries for a total of about US$4 million.

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2021

COVID-19 Response
The World Bank is delivering record levels of support to clients, making available up to US$160 billion over a 15-month period ending in June 2021, to protect the poor and vulnerable, support businesses, and bolster economic recovery. In the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region, emergency operations have been approved under the COVID-19 fast-track facility in a number of countries, including Cambodia, Mongolia, the Philippines, among others. These operations provide emergency financing for the purchase of medical and laboratory supplies, training of medical staff, and strengthening national public health systems based on country needs.

The World Bank is also working with countries to restructure existing projects to fight the COVID-19 pandemic by reallocating funds, triggering emergency components of existing projects, and activating Catastrophe Deferred Drawdown Options (CAT DDOs).

In a second phase of the COVID-19 response, the Bank is working with countries to strengthen social protection measures for the poor and vulnerable, support businesses and safeguard jobs, and advance the reforms needed to shorten the time to recovery and build conditions for broad-based and sustainable growth.

To provide relief for vulnerable populations, low- and middle-income countries need fair, broad, and fast access to effective and safe vaccines. That is why the World Bank is building on its initial COVID-19 response with US$12 billion to help countries purchase and distribute vaccines, tests, and treatments, including financing for Mongolia and the Philippines.
Health and Education
The World Bank supports Vietnam's efforts to provide quality, affordable health care services for all citizens. In the northern part of Vietnam, 13.7 million people-many of them from remote areas-have better access to quality health care. The Northeast and Red River Delta Regions Health System Support Project improved the treatment capacity of 74 public hospitals at the district and provincial levels by investing in upgrading the medical infrastructure and training health workers. Key interventions in five areas of cardiology, obstetrics/gynecology, pediatrics, oncology, and trauma (surgery) are now available at these hospitals, obviating the needs for patients to seek care at tertiary hospitals far away from home.

In Indonesia, the World Bank supports the government's Family Hope Program, which strives to end the cycle of poverty among the poorest. Family development sessions and learning materials are also provided to beneficiary mothers so that they can gain a better understanding of health and nutrition, good parenting practices, child protection, and financial management. In 2017, the program assisted 3.5 million families in improving their children's education and health as shown by several impact evaluations. Since then, the government has expanded the program significantly in both coverage and benefit levels; in 2020, the program reached 10 million poor and vulnerable families.

The Improving Primary Education Outcomes for the Most Vulnerable Children in Rural Mongolia Project, funded by the Japan Social Development Fund, introduced a home-based school preparation program for herders' children living in remote rural areas. The level of school readiness of the children enrolled in the program has been significantly higher than of those enrolled in other alternative preschool education programs. In addition, mobile toy and book libraries have been established in 30 soums (districts), giving parents the opportunity to borrow and use high-quality education materials with their children at home. Extracurricular after-school programs, developed under the project, are helping primary grade rural children better adapt to school and dormitory environments. Overall, more than 7,500 children between 5-10 years, 15,000 parents, as well as 500 teachers and soum officials have benefitted from the project.
Social Protection and Jobs
In Solomon Islands, the Community Access and Urban Services Enhancement (CAUSE) project is improving basic infrastructure and services for vulnerable, urban populations in the country. The project prioritizes skills training, short-term job opportunities and income generation. Despite the constraints imposed by COVID-19, the project benefited about 11,000 households across three provinces by June 2020. In the same period, 2,160 infrastructure and service delivery workers had been trained and 111,600 labor days created (of which 50% went to women and 44% to youth), with each participant working an average of 30 days.

The project funds the creation of key community infrastructure such as bridges, roads, and waste disposal systems that require little maintenance, ensuring that future generations have secure access to basic services.

The project's results demonstrate that a grassroots-level, community-based work approach combined with training and work experience can generate immediate and visible results for the most vulnerable. It improves economic opportunities and benefits entire communities through a more development-oriented approach aimed at improving service delivery in urban areas.
Infrastructure
In the Pacific, the World Bank has been supporting governments of the Pacific region since 2011 to increase the affordability, reliability and quality of information and communication and technology (ICT) access, through the Pacific Regional Connectivity Program (PRCP). The first phase in Tonga has delivered significant benefits for more than 101,000 people - close to the entire population of the Pacific Island kingdom. The project has reduced the average retail cost of broadband internet by 97%, reduced the average per-minute cost of international phone calls by 37%, delivered significantly lower wholesale broadband prices through assistance on the development of stronger legislation, and constructed a 1,217-kilometer network of submarine fiber-optic cables, connecting Tonga and Fiji, and Tonga 's main island of Tongatapu to Ha'apai and Vava'u.
Conflict and Fragility
In the Philippines, the Bank's assistance has also extended to conflict-affected areas in the country, helping support better governance, access to services, jobs creation, and enhanced citizen security and justice. Supported by a range of development partners, the Mindanao Trust Fund (MTF) aims to improve prospects for peace and development in conflict-affected areas in Mindanao. The Reconstruction and Development Projects, Phase II and III (RDP/2 and RDP/3), funded by the MTF, have improved social and economic recovery, promoted social cohesion and participatory governance through a community driven development approach in conflict affected areas of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao. A total of 30 community infrastructures, 45 livelihood skills trainings, and functional literacy classes in 15 conflict-affected communities were implemented. With these, nearly 30,000 people now benefit from clean water, better roads, more post-harvest facilities, and better access to farming and fishing equipment. The MTF's implementation and design is in close coordination and collaboration with the regional ministries with the aim of mainstreaming the good practices of RDP/2 and RDP/3. Participation of Indigenous Peoples, women, persons with disabilities, and youth were targeted to ensure inclusion.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, RDP/3 also supported the construction of health stations across six communities servicing around 13,000 individuals. These facilities provide communities in geographically isolated areas the necessary medical care and services such as isolation facilities, and in the longer term also birthing room, midwife station, small pharmacy and basic medical equipment.
Water and Sanitation
In Indonesia, the PAMSIMAS (Penyediaan Air Minum dan Sanitasi Berbasis Masyarakat or Community Based Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation) program has helped Indonesia's low-income rural and peri-urban population, spread across almost 23,000 villages, by providing improved water supply to 17.2 million people - with 84% of the water supply systems well managed and financed for cost recovery - and access to better sanitation facilities for 15.4 million people.

In Vietnam, the Coastal Cities Environmental Sanitation Project provided drainage, wastewater collection and treatment plants, and solid waste management facilities for citizens in Dong Hoi, Quy Nhon and Nha Trang. It has reduced the incidence and severity of flooding for 255,000 people; provided solid waste collection and better access to improved sanitation for more than 800,000 people; provided better sanitation in schools for 66,500 students; and helped 8,400 poor families upgrade their toilets and sanitation connections. In Nha Trang City, the project has contributed to attracting more than six million tourists in 2019, significantly boosting the city's prosperity. This project helps to prepare Vietnam as a clean and green destination for tourism in the post-COVID-19 period.
Innovations in Development
In Mongolia, all 21 aimags (provinces) are covered by the groundbreaking Index-Based Livestock Insurance Project. The project introduced an insurance scheme where payments are based on the total number of livestock lost by species and soum (district) rather than on households' actual, individual losses. The program is a combination of self-insurance, market-based insurance, and social safety net. Under the traditional system, it was difficult for insurers to verify losses by individual herders in Mongolia's vast territory. Because the index system relies on verifiable statistics, estimating losses is a much simpler process that leaves less room for error. This innovative product benefits herders and makes good business sense for insurance companies.

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2021

The World Bank Group continues to build partnerships with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Pacific Island Forum, Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), New Zealand's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MFAT), and others to maximize development impact.

The Bank Group is also working closely with other development banks to end poverty and boost shared prosperity, such as the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB).

A key priority for the World Bank's work in the region is to strengthen knowledge partnerships to deliver solutions for its clients.

The Bank's expanded partnerships with non-borrower member countries in recent years has continued in our Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore offices, which generate and share development knowledge, lessons, and solutions with countries in the region and across the globe.

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2021

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
East Asia and Pacific remains the world's growth engine despite a challenging external environment, with developing economies growing by 7.2% in 2013. The proportion of people living in poverty in the region has steadily declined-less than 10% of the population lives on $1.25 a day-but much more needs to be done as there are still close to half a billion people living on $2 a day.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
East Asia poverty could rise for first time in 20 years due to the pandemic, World Bank says

# data[].attributes.body
the Amount of people living in poverty in East asia could increase for the first time in 20 years. About 38 million more people could fall below the poverty line including 33 million who could have escaped poverty if covid didn’t happen. Scars left behind by covid could last for many years says the world bank.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
SINGAPORE - The number of people living in poverty in developing East Asian and Pacific countries could increase for the first time in 20 years, as the coronavirus pandemic erased much of this year's economic growth, a World Bank forecast showed on Monday.

The bank defined the poverty line as income of $5.50 a day. It said as many as 38 million more people could fall below that income level this year, including 33 million who would have escaped poverty if not for the Covid-19 shock.

That World Bank forecast was published in an economic update for the region, which includes China, Southeast Asian countries and the Pacific Islands, such as Fiji and Samoa. The report doesn't include India and other South Asian countries.

Sickness, food insecurity, job losses, and school closures could lead to health and learning losses that could last a lifetime.

The report adds to an expanding body of research on how the pandemic is disproportionately hurting the poor. In July, the United Nations projected that 8.8% of the world's population will live in extreme poverty this year, an increase of 8.2% in 2019. Extreme poverty is defined as income below $1.90 a day.

"Scars" left behind by the Covid-19 crisis could last for many years, said the World Bank.

"Sickness, food insecurity, job losses, and school closures could lead to health and learning losses that could last a lifetime. The poor will be disproportionately disempowered because of worse access to hospitals, schools, jobs, and finance," it said in the report.

But greater adoption of technology as a result of the pandemic could help the poor better access opportunities and public services, the bank added.

"For these benefits to arise, these technologies must be broadly available."

Weakest economic growth since 1967

The poverty forecast for developing countries in East Asia and the Pacific comes as the region is expected to grow just 0.9% this year - the weakest growth rate since 1967, according to the World Bank.

"COVID-19 has delivered a triple shock to the developing East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region: the pandemic itself, the economic impact of containment measures, and reverberations from the global recession brought on by the crisis," it explained.

China, the world's second-largest economy, is expected to grow by 2% this year - one of the only three countries in the grouping expected to register growth this year, the bank said.

But economic growth in the region is forecast to jump by 7.4% next year, with China projected to register the largest expansion of 7.9%, the report showed.

"Prospects for the region are brighter in 2021," said the World Bank. "However, output is projected to remain well below pre-pandemic projections for the next two years."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
East Asia poverty could rise for first time in 20 years due to the pandemic, World Bank says

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
SINGAPORE - The number of people living in poverty in developing East Asian and Pacific countries could increase for the first time in 20 years, as the coronavirus pandemic erased much of this year's economic growth, a World Bank forecast showed on Monday. The bank defined the poverty line as income of $5.50 a day.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Growth and Poverty: Lessons from the East Asian Miracle Revisited

# data[].attributes.body
There have been high rates of economic growth, and improvements in living. Some NIE’s like Hong Kong, China; Singapore; Taipei, China; and the Republic of Korea, have gone through growth in economic ways and abolishEd extreme poverty.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Publication |

In the past four decades, a number of East Asian economies have recorded extremely high rates of economic growth and achieved spectacular improvements in the quality of life. Some, particularly the newly industrialized economies (NIEs) such as Hong Kong, China; Singapore; Taipei,China; and the Republic of Korea (henceforth referred to as Korea), have telescoped into a single generation a process of socioeconomic development that took the advanced economies of Western Europe centuries to achieve. The dramatic improvement in the quality of life that accompanied this miraculous economic transformation has virtually abolished extreme poverty in these societies. A number of Southeast Asian economies, such as Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia, have also made impressive strides in economic development that have resulted in a rapid reduction in poverty and brisk social development. Even though the 1997.98 financial crisis undid some of the economic advances these economies had made, their achievements in improving the quality of life of the general populace remain largely unscathed. Growth has by and large resumed in all the crisis economies except Indonesia, albeit more slowly than before. The case of Indonesia is somewhat complex. It has had to cope not only with the rough and tumble of the financial crisis, but also with the difficult process of transition from a stable authoritarian regime to a raucous democracy, intertwined with insurgencies and civil war. While jolted by the crisis, the socioeconomic transformation of these economies.henceforth collectively referred to as the miracle economies.that has unfolded over the last 40 years has been singularly impressive, and has understandably attracted wide academic and policy interest.

However, developing Asia is also home to the majority of the world's poor. When one juxtaposes this fact against the performance of the miracle economies and their enormous strides in poverty reduction, one is struck by the stark contrast that Asia offers. Despite some progress in recent decades, South Asia remains the bastion of poverty in both Asia and the world. One in three Indians still falls below the national poverty line, and almost one in two would be classified as poor based on the US$1 per day international poverty line, and the extent of poverty in Bangladesh and Nepal exceeds that in India.1 This sharp contrast between East Asia and South Asia is also apparent when considering other aspects of the quality of life, not just income poverty.

The spectacular performance of the miracle economies has spawned an extensive economic literature, including a number of well-known, oft-cited studies initiated by the multilateral development institutions such as the World Bank (1993) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) (1997). One principal purpose of these studies has been to derive lessons about accelerating growth and reducing poverty that might be applicable elsewhere. This study, which compares the social development of the miracle economies and South Asia, seeks to explore whether lessons learned from the experiences of East Asia can be applied to chart a similar path of success for South Asia.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Growth and Poverty: Lessons from the East Asian Miracle Revisited

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In the past four decades, a number of East Asian economies have recorded extremely high rates of economic growth and achieved spectacular improvements in the quality of life.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
How Can East Asia and Pacific Move from COVID-19 Containment Toward a Resilient Recovery?

# data[].attributes.body
growth in the first half of 2020 have been the lowest ever since 1967. Households in many regions have lost income and covid could reduce growth in the next couple decades.  Government debts will increase by 7%.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How Can East Asia and Pacific Move from COVID-19 Containment Toward a Resilient Recovery?

# data[].attributes.body
This shows in Eastern Asia how the amount of extremely poor people was reduced by a lot. Even though there’s a lot more near poor people thoughts are just people who have made it out of extremely poor. And there is a lot more people who have made it out of middle class
https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/how-far-east-asia-has-come-one-graph

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Poverty in Asia and the Pacific: An Update

# data[].attributes.body
Those living under the 1.25 poverty lines have desired from 900 million to 750 million. This below the $2 poverty line hav decreed fro, 1.8 billion to 1.6 billion. That’s a lot of people but at least it’s getting lower.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Publication |

This paper updates poverty estimates for Asia and the Pacific from 2005 to 2008. It is found that those living below the $1.25 poverty line decreased from 903.4 million to 753.5 million and those below the $2 poverty line from 1.8 billion to 1.63 billion. However, Asia and the Pacific region remains home to the majority of the global poor. And performance of poverty reduction varied considerably across subregions and countries, with poor economies generally lagging behind.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Poverty in Asia and the Pacific: An Update

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Publication | This paper updates poverty estimates for Asia and the Pacific from 2005 to 2008. It is found that those living below the $1.25 poverty line decreased from 903.4 million to 753.5 million and those below the $2 poverty line from 1.8 billion to 1.63 billion.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
5 Years on the East Asia Poverty Reduction Cooperation Pilot Project

# data[].attributes.body
The people in this video were poor and had no eletricy and no source of goof water but now they have all that and have a stable income. Chinese premier li Kequiang made a poverty reduction in rural communities. They made villages focusing on people’s needs.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
5 Years on the East Asia Poverty Reduction Cooperation Pilot Project

# data[].attributes.body
This is showing the percentage under the poverty lines and how it decreases. This is good for China and Thailand as it assumes the per at age will get much lower by 2030. Thailand is also the at 0% by 2030 while China is at 2% which is very good for them.
https://worlddata.io/blog/poverty-in-east-asia-upper-middle-income-countries

# data[].attributes.body
Tons of people would have escaped poverty this year if not for the pandemic. Poverty in East asia is expected to go up which is surprising because they have been stopping people from going into poverty for a while now. 33 million people were supposed to escape being middle class but now 38 million are expected to go poor.

# data[].attributes.body
The millions of poor people is astounding because although it’s going down it’s shocking how high it was. right now there is 880 million people who are poor and 10% live under the $1.90 poverty line. It going down but will it keep going down or maybe will it start going up who knows.
https://www.vox.com/world/2016/10/2/13123980/extreme-poverty-world-bank?scrlybrkr=d3a8e7ec