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Edgar, a grandson of Alfred becomes king of nearly all of present-day England and for the 1st time the name 'England' is used.

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1066 The Battle of Hastings
This is the most famous date in English history. On 14 October of that year, an invading army from Normandy defeated the English at the Battle of Hastings. The battle was closed and extremely bloody. At the end of it, most of the best warriors in England were dead, including their leader, King Harold.
On Christmas day that year, the Norman leader, Duke William of Normandy, was crowned king of England. He is known in popular histore as 'William the Conqueror' and the date is remembered as the last time that England was successfully invaded.

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Three decades of almost continual war between two powerful groups, the House of Lancaster, whose symbol was a red rose, and the House of York, whose symbol was a white rose, stopped at the Battle of Bosworth.
The Battle of Bosworth is a defining battle that ended the reign of Richard III and the start of the Tudor dynasty with Henry Tudor during 1485. It is one of the most important battles in English and Welsh history.

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The English Civil War was a catastrophic series of conflicts that took place in the middle of the 17th century. Fought between those loyal to the king, Charles I, and those loyal to Parliament, the wars divided the country at all levels of society. At the heart of the conflict were fundamental questions about power and religion. The beginning of the Civil War is dates back to 1642.
The legacy of the Civil War can be seen not only in our political landscape, but in the historic environment. Many of the ruined castles we see today sustained their damage during the war.

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The Great Fire of London destroys most of the city's old wooden buildings. It also destroys bubonic plague, which never reappears. Most of the city's finest churches, including St. Paul's Cathedral, date from the period of rebuilding which followed.

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The Act of Union is passed. Under this agreement, the Scottish parliament was dissolved and some of its members joined the English and Welsh parliament in London and the former two kingdoms became one 'United Kingdom of Great Britain'.

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A treaty between the United States and Great Britain is signed in Paris, formally ending the American Revolutionary War, in which Britain recognizes the independence of the United States. So Britain loses the southern half of its North American colonies.

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The first British settlers arrive in Australia. The colony was formally proclaimed by Governor Phillip on 7 February 1788 at Sydney.

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The Act of Union 1800 added the Kingdom of Ireland to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
The Act of Union received the royal assent on Aug. 1, 1800, and it came into effect on Jan. 1, 1801. Henceforth, the monarch was called the king (or queen) of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

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Battle of Trafalgar, (October 21, 1805), naval engagement of the Napoleonic Wars, which established British naval supremacy for more than 100 years. In one of the most decisive naval battles in history, a British fleet under Admiral Lord Nelson defeats a combined French and Spanish fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar, fought off the coast of Spain.
Victory at the Battle of Trafalgar ensured that Napoleon would never invade Britain. Nelson, hailed as the saviour of his nation, was given a magnificent funeral in St. Paul’s Cathedral in London. A column was erected to his memory in the newly named Trafalgar Square, and numerous streets were renamed in his honour.