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On recycling of plastics,
Between using incentives and coercion (subtle pressure) , how do government handle disagreements between the ministries and decision makers?

Next, Singapore high rise and high density housing context, I feel that it makes recycling process extremely tedious and hard to account for as individuals can just throw stuff down the chute. Do we need to re-design our entire waste collection process to ensure pro-active recycling?

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I think incentives for cooperates not addressed yet?

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Hi! Are you guys okay to exchange contact details for the policy drafting? Just comment your phone number below :) If not we could use the Padlet too

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For comanies: new options
Consumers: public education (what can or cannot be thrown)
Although this has been done before to little success.

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Outright bans on non-ecofriendly products

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Outright bans on non-ecofriendly products

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Maybe not a ban, but maybe a tax on disposables.

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Incentivisation of using recycled plastic, which is more expensive
Reusing of plastics in making other products

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Incentivise uptake of new sustainable materials

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More recycling points - recycling clutes alongside normal ones?

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Job of the consumers to recycle or dispose their plastics properly

We are not the cause; just a contributing factor

We require government support because it is a different level of engineering

Public’s discord of ‘plastic’ has been over-simplified

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Make recycling plastic easier by adding a label on plastic products which can directly be sent for recycling such that consumers will be able to prevent the disposal of that plastic

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- Plastic is one of the most critical materials in the global manufacturing supply chain
---> Outright sanctions on the production of plastics will harm the entire supply chain either directly through a loss of material or indirectly through the higher costs of alternative materials (eg aluminum) which is passed down to consumers
- We strive to provide lower costs for consumers and this will reduce the cost of living.

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6. Business and Retailers - HCI 07 Alden Lee

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6. Business and Retailers - HCI 07 Alden Lee

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1) How can we strike a balance between ensuring our continued commercial viability and being eco-friendly?
2) Lack of any sort of motivation

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The proliferation of plastic waste has caused severe damage to the ecosystem. To deal with this issue in all fronts: the economic, social, and, naturally, political fronts - is vital.

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Government regulation is necessary to combat this issue. That, in truth, is the only plausible way to ensure everybody wastes their minimum.
Embrace public awareness and the concept of a circular economy, trying to reduce all waste.

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- Be aware of corporate and public incentives
- Understand the vital urgency of the situation
- The spread of information is vital, but do not fall into traps of apocalypticism or a rhetoric of degrowth.

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6. Business and Retailers - HCI 07 Alden Lee

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6. Business and Retailers - HCI 07 Alden Lee

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- Government to incentivise and motivate us via mainly financial means to adopt eco-friendly alternatives to ensure that our business is not compromised
- Funding for business to further conduct R&D and explore other ways
- Explored and implemented as a trial on a small-scale first to ease transition and potentially any negative impact

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food safety and quality may be compromised

(Professor of environmental economics at Nanyang Technological University Euston Quah believes) eliminating plastic packaging completely in supermarkets is not practical and could cause problems elsewhere. “Paper for wrapping can tear easily and hygiene could be compromised.

“Bringing your own bags can also result in contamination, especially when people do not wash their bags often, which is also at the expense of water resources.”

packaging can increase the shelf-life of certain food types

customers are likely to abuse packaging-free fresh produce, because Singaporeans tend to try and pick the nicer looking fruits and vegetables, which may damage others lost in the shuffle.

Reducing plastic packaging may increase food waste

“Founder of Unpackt Ms Florence Tay said while the initiative may be good for the environment, it may create another set of problems such as food waste. “

Whether our solution might backfire (affect other stakeholders, bring more harm than benefits)

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6. Business and Retailers - HCI 07 Alden Lee

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6. Business and Retailers - HCI 07 Alden Lee

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1) Costs incurred at the expense to be eco-friendly
2) Uncertain commercial viability
3) Business might be compromised

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Ellyse Wong (RGS)

Aim: To explore eco-friendly solutions/alternatives so as to reduce plastic waste while not compromising the businesses.

Trade-offs:
1. Convenience of the consumers

Customers would prefer single-use plastics over bringing their own bags

More convenient especially when doing heavy shopping

2. Food packaging

Prevents food waste by protecting food

Protect integrity of food products

3. Incurs a higher cost and commercial viability

eco-friendly, biodegradable alternatives would come at a greater cost

If the businesses do not absorb this cost, customers will have to pay more for what they purchase

consumers might not be receptive to price increase

businesses’ profits will be compromised

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1. Lack of awareness

2. Lack of cooperation (unwilling to give up advantages of plastic eg. convenience)

3. Limitations of resources (recycling)

4. Over Reliance on plastic products that is difficult for people to forgo (convenience, also unaware of the problems only 1 plastic bag causes.Will require a large scale change people are not comfortable with  )(culture)

5. Culture (Singaporeans culture, do not care)

6. Lack of incentives to reduce plastic usage

7. Lack of concern ( people feel like its not their job to reduce plastic waste)

8. Bystander effect (feel that other people will reduce plastic waste and they don't need to play their part)

9. Lack of cheap alternatives, inability to avoid plastics.

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1. NEA National Recycling Programme

2. Abuse of Recycling bins

3. Inconvenient

4. Zero Waste SG

5. SG Packaging Agreement

6. Say yes to less waste. - 1,600 companies agreed with NEA to reduce the uses of plastics.

7. People still have the choice to use plastic in most of the food places engaging in this programme.

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1. People tend not to look at long term consequences

2. Ageing Population - Conventional Culture.

3. People are unwilling to take the effort to recycle - convenience.

4. People are unaware of the large extent of plastic used in Singapore

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- education and spreading awareness within schools and communities
- incentivise being environmentally friendly
-can put policy for extra cost for plastic bottles and containers

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1) supermarket:
education / raise awareness about what packaging can or cannot be recycled
2) tabao/takeaway food:
a) Bring your own straws and tumblers eg. NYGH's cafe
b) paper straws as alternative but cost not bore by consumers
3) plastic bags:
a) reusable bag provided (free) by organisations + plastic bag if needed or
b) discount if you do not ask for plastic bag
c) (aware) sign to buy cheap  reusable bag
d) (aware) boxes to pack their food / box where excess reusable bags are placed
e) keep plastic bags to reuse

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Ryan Wong
Was te from domestic sources: large amounts of plastic are used in disposables from the f&b industry (take aways), so this must be regulated. However domestic sources is only like 25% of total plastic waste.

Waste from the industrial sources:
one major source is medical, however it is hard to reduce the amount of plastic used in medicine as it is necessary for hygeine. So we could focus on industrial plastic waste instead.

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Ryan Wong
1. Is it possible to make all plastic packaging recyclable, when there are different needs for the packaging of each product? For example the thin plastic wrapping for a lot of meat and vegetables is single use

2. Why hasn't Singapore not implemented a nation-wide law that deincentivises plastic bag usage, when other countries have done this several years ago?

3. Is “zero” waste actually achievable? Plastic waste can be reduced, but can it be eliminated?

4. Which plastics can be recycled and how does that match with the plastics that are currently being recycled? How much of the plastic waste is due to ignorance/ contamination?

5. To what degree can plastic use be streamlined (use of recyclable plastics after non-reusable ones) in current industrial process?
What margins can the economy work with (how much resources can be devoted to this problem)?

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Ryan Wong
Develop sustainable alternatives to plastic disposables
Encourage producers/consumers to take on a small, but not cripplingly large tax to reduce plastic waste, or introduce a ban

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we contribute to plastic waste when:
-  We buy plastic packaging

-  We takeaway food

- We do not reuse plastics like plastic bags or plastic bottles

1) supermarket - Plastic packaging - wash and sort and put in recycling bins BUT they throw wrong things
2) tabao/takeaway food - Straws/disposables/ cutlery
3) plastic bags - throw it away after single use

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Ryan Wong
To build a sustainable, resource-efficient and climate-resilient nation.

Adopting a circular economy approach to waste and resource management practices

Shift towards more sustainable production and consumption.

Targets of the Zero Waste Masterplan:

a.     Extend Semakau Landfill’s lifespan beyond 2035

b.     Reduce amount of waste sent to landfill per capita per day by 30% by 2030.

c.      By 2030, achieve a 70% overall recycling rate: 81% non-domestic recycling rate, 30% domestic recycling rate

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Excessive plastic waste can cause negative impacts on the environment. Singapore has been having an increasing amount of plastic waste in the recent years. If action is not taken, our environment will face increasing amount of harm.

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Briefly describe the policy:

1. the components of the policy option

2. How the option addresses the issue identified

3. The benefits/drawbacks of the option if implemented

4. Ways to mitigate the negative impact

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Evaluate the policy using appropriate criteria. The assessment of the options should be rigourous:

able to identify benefits

able to identify drawbacks/trade offs

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State the parties involved in the implementation

How will the party/parties involved implement the policy?

What is the implementation timeline?

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If you have time to propose more than one policy, recommend which should be implemented and explain why it is a better policy.

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To the greatest extent possible, reduce the usage of plastics
We are open to keeping single use plastics when necessary (e.g. food packaging for hygiene)