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Asch used a lab experiment to study conformity, he had 50 male students participate in a "vision test". A naïve participant was places at a table in a row of seven confederates. Each person had to state which line was the longest, with the confederates often giving the incorrect answer to see if the naïve participant conformed. The answer was always obvious but the participant mostly answered the same as the other people, so they weren't the odd one out. This proved the social theory, people don't want to stand out so they change their answers even if wrong, to fit in.

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Conformity is an invisible pressure from others, it changes our behaviours or opinions so we fit in. According to Aronson (2011), ‘Conformity is a change in a person’s behaviour or opinions as a result of real or imagined pressure from a person or group of people’.

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Process 1: Normative Social Influence (NSI) This relates to how we feel, NSI is an emotional process.
Process 2: Informational Social Influence (ISI) ISI is a cognitive process as it is about what we think.​

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The social approach understands behaviours , beliefs, intentions and feelings within social context. Human behaviours are influenced by actual or imagined interactions with other people.

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A- Findings of this study are consistant/representative sample size/emplyed good control variables/reliable results due to objective experiments.
D- Limited generalisabilty (age group)/ Demand characteristics as participants were aware of the experiment.

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Chatard et al (2007) 'How good are you at maths.' French high school students. Used the Likert scale (7 point scale) to see how gender steroptypes effects students ability to recall school marks. High salinace and low salince options as group was split into two.
One group was primed to think stereotypically. Conclusion: both genders were affected by the stereotypes but females were further affected by the math one. They recalled a signficantly worse score than they achieved.

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A-  Same confederates used throughout (reliable results)/data was objective/no chance of bias from researcher in the results.
D- only used one type of participant( only represents small group of population)/American culture and history(How conforming is common in American culture)/low ecological validity(tasks given were artificial and had no real reason.

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Identification occurs when someone conforms to the demands of a given social role in society. For example, a policeman, teacher or politician. This type of conformity extends over several aspects of external behaviour. However, there still be no changed to internal personal opinion.

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Strength of Sherif’s study was it is a lab experiment. This means all variables can be controlled and any extraneous variables can be isolated from the study. In turn this creates a causal relationship where any effect on the DV is only due to the IV increasing the study’s internal Validity.

Sherif’s study may lack cross cultural validity as the research was carried out in an individualistic culture, the USA, meaning the findings of the study may not be generalizable to the wider population decreasing the studies external validity.

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This is the process of putting people in categories based on their characteristics. You then use these categories to make assumptions about people which can lead to you making superficial jusgements about then. Thus leading to stereotyping. e.g. Doctors are all academic.

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Publicly changing behaviour to fit in with the group while also agreeing with them privately. An internal (private) and external (public) change of behaviour. This is the deepest level of conformity were the beliefs of the group become part of the individual’s own belief system.

An example of internalisation is if someone lived with a vegetarian at university and then decides to also become one too because they agree with their friend's viewpoint / someone converting religions would also be a good example.

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This refers to instances where a person may agree in public with a group of people, but the person privately disagrees with the group’s viewpoint or behaviour. The individual changes their views, but it is a temporary change. For example, a person may laugh at a joke because their group of friends find it funny but deep down the person does not find the joke funny.