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Of the many species on Earth, very few have been named or associated with any sort of taxa.  DNA barcoding allows us to compare species at the genetic level in order to better classify them.  Large databases exist online where scientists can compare genomes or even small fragments of DNA from one organism to another. Barcoding for the sake of biotechnology could prove to be very beneficial. If certain species are identified to have shared genes, and potentially a shared (or similar) gene product, we could shift our attention to that other organism and closely study its efficiency in completing the same task. Likewise, DNA barcoding could allow us to solve new problems. If a new part of an organisms genome were to be discovered, its application could be limitless.

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In order to begin barcoding, you must first acquire a sample of the organism in question. This commonly manifests itself in the form of tissue.

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Considering that genetic material is buried far away in the nucleus, the cell wall (if applicable) and cell membranes must be interrupted to harvest the DNA. This occurs by way of mechanical disruption, as well as the addition of heat and other chemicals like detergents.

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After the cell wall and/or cell membrane is disrupted, the solution must be purified.  This begins by centrifuging the same, separating them by their respective densities. Once spun, the solution is carefully removed from the tube, making sure to avoid collecting from the bottom of the tube.

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The supernatant is moved into another tube and filled with silica. The DNA is heated so that it may bind with the silica. The solution is once again centrifuged and the supernatant is removed, avoiding the silica pellets at the bottom of the tube.

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The solution is then further purified by undergoing additional rounds of centrifugation and cleaning. The DNA is heated again, but this time to release the DNA from the DNA-silica complex.

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The final supernatant--pure DNA product--is then collected and stored at -20C for preservation.

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Purified DNA is removed from -20C storage container and then amplified via PCR. The PCR product can be ran on a gel in order to confirm that this is, in fact, the desired genetic product.

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The amplified DNA is present in millions of copies, making it readily available to be sequenced. Bioinformaticians then take this sequenced DNA and compare it to their many databases in order to draw a connection between species.