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The Ayutthaya Historical Park comprises the ruins of temples and palaces of the capital of the ancient Ayutthaya Kingdom. Ayutthaya Kingdom existed from 1351 to 1767 and was the most powerful empire during that period.

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Phimai Historical Park is the most magnificent and largest Khmer temple in Thailand, which was built in the 11th to 12th century and constructed by Jayavarman I. Compared to other temples, it is the best-preserved temple of all

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There are about 5.4% of Thais are Muslim

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18. Nam Daeng (sugar water)(น้ำแดง)(Helz boy drinks)

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18. Nam Daeng (sugar water)(น้ำแดง)(Helz boy drinks)

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Nam Daeng is a very common drink in Thailand, there are

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Santos fruit is a traditional fruit in Thailand. Santos fruit is native to Southeast Asia and is a tropical fruit with a thick. Santos fruit is also known as "cotton fruit", because its flesh is very fibrous. Santol fruit is best tasted raw for its crisp texture, but it can also be cooked.

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16. Kluai Kai plus Gang Ped (curry plus bananas)(แกงกับกล้วย)

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16. Kluai Kai plus Gang Ped (curry plus bananas)(แกงกับกล้วย)

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Kluai Kai plus Gang Ped is a traditional dish in Thailand that has almost disappeared. Although this dish is almost disappearing on the streets, there are still many people online who will teach you how to make this dish.

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Mor Lam is a traditional dance and singing form in Thailand. The origin of Mor Lam is not explicitly documented, but some speculate that it appeared during religious processions when the recitation of scriptures, because the scriptures recited, was so interesting, that the audience added music accompaniment. There are 6 different forms of Mor Lam, including Mor Lam reuang, Mor Lam ploen, Mor Lam toey, Mor Lam klon, Mor Lam sing, and Mor Lam ching choo.

Mor Lam reuang: storytelling

Mor Lam ploen: singing and dancing

Mor Lam toey: short song

Lam Klon: a poetry performance

Mor Lam sing: a sub-genre that emphasizes fun

Mor Lam ching choo: a competition about "love"

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The leather puppet is usually black, because you won't be able to see it's color when it is a shadow， it is precisely made and every little hole, every detail matters

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The leather puppet is made out of leather so it is harder to break, and controlled with a thin stick.

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The sheet that is used to perform is usually a piece of white or yellow cloth.

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The leather puppet can also be made into animals

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Lakhon is a traditional dance drama in Thailand. There are two types of Lakhon, one is Lakhon Nai and the other one is Lakhon Nok. Lakhon Nai is the most classical form of Lakhon, it comes from the Ayutthaya period, and during that period, in the palace, maids would perform for the king and members of the royal court. Lakhon Nok is the popular form of Lakhon, unlike Lakhon Nai, Lakhon Nok is performed by male, and its for everyone to watch.

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Nagas are also known as protectors, so it is also common to see it's head behind the buddha and it's tail rapped up like a seat, even buddhas in the temple look like this.

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The Naga can be seen in front of door ways into temples, made like a handle for the stairs

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The Naga is a old, mythical creature， it is also often seen in ancient wall paintings and artworks.

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Nagas are mostly associated with water, so it may also be spotted near rivers

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Table of Contents

Prayuth Chan-ocha, (born March 21, 1954, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand), Thai military leader who, after leading a successful coup, became prime minister of Thailand (2014- ).

Few details were known about Prayuth's prearmy life. He began his military career in the prestigious 21st Infantry, which was also known as the Queen's Guard. He rose through the ranks, and by the coup of 2006 he had attained the rank of major general. That year the military engineered a coup and ousted elected Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra. A new constitution was drafted, and a new prime minister was chosen-Thaksin's younger sister, Yingluck Shinawatra. It was widely believed that Yingluck served as a proxy for Thaksin, who had fled into self-imposed exile. Prayuth and other Bangkok elites were displeased with that arrangement, and protests demanding her resignation ensued. During this time, Prayuth became (2010) army chief.

Unrest between pro- and anti-Thaksin factions raged and brought the government to a halt in late 2013. Protesters stormed offices, blocked roads, and sabotaged elections. After some six months of discord, the military stepped in on May 22, 2014. Prayuth became acting premier of the country and drafted a constitution that absolved him of responsibility for the coup and allowed him to remain a military official while head of the country-despite the fact that he was slated to retire in September. A new legislature was installed-composed of military and police officials handpicked by the junta-and nominated Prayuth as the prime minister; he was the sole candidate. On August 25 Prayuth was formally endorsed by King Bhumibol Adulyadej.

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Although Prayuth promised the Thai people peace, the junta immediately began cracking down on any and all perceived forms of dissent. Political forums were banned, and freedom of speech was abandoned. Martial law was imposed, and politicians, journalists, critics, and activists were detained. Radio, TV, and newspapers were shut down. Prayuth's policy promises included upholding the monarchy, bringing an end to human trafficking and to the ongoing Muslim insurgency in the southern Muslim-majority provinces, and fighting corruption and unregulated surrogacy. In March 2015 he lifted martial law but almost immediately invoked an article in the interim constitution that granted him sweeping powers. Although legislative elections were slated for late 2015 or early 2016, they were postponed. In January 2016 Prayuth retired as army chief but continued as prime minister.

Alison Eldridge

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Prayuth Chan-ocha | prime minister of Thailand

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Prayuth Chan-ocha, (born March 21, 1954, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand), Thai military leader who, after leading a successful coup, became prime minister of Thailand (2014- ). Few details were known about Prayuth's prearmy life. He began his military career in the prestigious 21st Infantry, which was also known as the Queen's Guard.

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Mai Sawk is a traditional weapon in Thailand. Initially, it was not as short as shown in the pictures but rather longer. This design was convenient for rowing and for easily spreading tall grass to the side. Later, a warrior from Pahuyth modified it to resemble the image, making it not only defensive but also suitable for offensive purposes. Today, the Mai Sawk has spread to many places and even appears in games. This not only allows more people to understand this weapon but also helps promote Thailand's reputation. This is why preserving this cultural aspect is important.

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Khon is a traditional masked dance drama in Thailand. Its origins can be traced back to the Ayutthaya period, from 1350 to 1767. Initially, Khon performances took place indoors and gradually transitioned to outdoor venues, then onto the stage, and finally even in front of screens. During World War II, when Khon faced the threat of extinction, it was rescued by the then Queen Mother, who had a personal fondness for Khon. Due to her efforts, Khon slowly gained recognition among the public and became an integral part of Thai culture.

Present-day Khon is not limited to dance alone; it has incorporated music as well. Moving away from its initial monotonous and traditional form, the addition of music has made Khon more dynamic. This integration not only conveys cultural spirit but also aligns Khon with modern resources. In order to prevent the disappearance of this dance form, I believe that efforts should be made to preserve and cherish this cultural heritage.

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Li-khe is a traditional dance drama in Thailand. With humorous scripts, as well as exquisite costumes, Li-khe has become immensely popular throughout the country. The scripts often narrate love stories, making them particularly appealing to a wide audience.

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Luk Thung is a genre of Thai folk music representing 20th-century music when the genre peaked in popularity. The term “Luk Thung” means “child of the fields”. Literally, we can understand the themes and inspiration elements of Luk Thung, which come from the countryside. This approach allows people at the working-class people to resonate with the composer.

There are 6 different types of Luk Thung, including Central Thai Luk Thung, Isan Luk Thung, Luk Thung Kantrum, Luk Thung Kam Mueang, and Southern Thai Luk Thung. The most influential style of Luk Thung is Central Thai Luk Thung, when they are performing, they will combine 6 traditional instruments, this is the key point that is why Central Thai Luk Thung is the most influential style because they are the only ones who use instruments the performance.

Today, For those living far away from their hometown (Thailand), listening to Luk Thung can help them reconnect with their roots during their difficult time. As we can see, the spirit of the "Luk Thung" is powerful, therefore I think this culture should be preserved.

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Ngao is a traditional weapon in Thailand. It comes from the Lan Na kingdom in the 18th century, they didn't have scabbards, this is because they were always ready to swing. The spine of the sword is notched to catch and trap the opponent.

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Daab is a traditional weapon in Thailand. The Daab originally comes from a rice truncheon (Gab) or a weed scythe (Gab Gleeh) and slowly developed into the Daab.

The Pahuyuth School in Berlin is the only school in the world that teaches how to use Daab. Since 2021, through the online class, the teaching activity of Pahuyuth School is no longer in Berlin, and everyone around the world can learn about this culture and the knowledge of Daab.

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There are about 94.6% of Thais are Buddhist. A long time ago, there was a road called the “Silk Road” which connected three continents’s trade relations, Africa, Europe, and Asia. The development of trade merchants of the region along the Silk Roads resulted in a further expansion of Buddhism towards Eastern Asia.

As the percentage of Buddhists in Thailand, it is easy to understand why Thailand’s culture has been deeply influenced by Buddhism.

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It is a language spoken by the sea gypsies in southern Thailand. One of the 51 indigenous languages in Thailand.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lXmux2d-08U

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It has 80% similarity to the Thai language and is spoken on the northeastern side of the country; the language is also referred to as Lao.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tVC1uVLJEI

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Thai Lesson: Isan 101 (Basic Northeastern Thai Dialect)

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Moklen is a language that has heavy southern Thai influence; it is more endangered than the Moken language.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uulDgSYEQoY

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The Nyaw language is similar to the neighboring languages, Laos and Isan, but there is a slight difference in tones and accents. The population is scattered around the provinces of Isan, such as Nong Khai, Sakon Nakhon, and Nakhon Phanom.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5UAGzcIaUE0

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Daily International News in K’Nyaw language. 2/9/21

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Karen Long Neck is a tribe in Northern Thailand known for having brass rings around women's necks. It was originally for protecting women’s necks from tiger attacks in the past, but nowadays there are no tigers, but this unique culture has stayed.

https://www.herotraveler.com/Tsquare%20Photography/story/karen-long-neck-ladies-of-thailand

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Add to Trip

North of Chang Rai, near the Golden Triangle on the border of Myanmar you will find several villages of the Karen Tribe. At first look it appears to be like any other village off the beaten path in rural Thailand, dirt swept streets with thatched huts adorning both sides.

Then as your eyes focus on the individual huts you see the Karen Ladies busy making textiles for sale, still very aware of the tourist coming to snap a few photos of their unique lifestyle.

Brief History of Karen Tribe

The Karen people are a tribal group who lived in the hills on the Myanmar ( formerly Burma) side of the Thai border. Due to political unrest in what was formerly Burma thousands of Karen migrated to the northern part of Thailand for safety. With having no options to become a Thai citizen life is still much better than life in Burma. Lack of opportunity has created small villages of Karen relying on the sale of their handicrafts and money earned posing for photos as tourist pass by. Karen women are known for their woodworking and weaving of textiles to provide a living for the village while most of the men are farmers.

Recognized for their elongated necks, the Karen women wear heavy brass rings around their necks adding rings with the passing years. Young girls start to wear around the age of 5 and add additional rings as they get older. Karen Tribe considers the rings a thing of beauty and as myth has it, in years past to protect their necks from predators such as tigers. Although it looks as if their neck are being stretched the rings actually push their shoulders and rib cage down to appear as if they have longer necks.

With civilization advancing at speeds like never before one has to wonder if the century old traditions like the Karen Tribes will one day only be remembered with photos.

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Karen Long Neck Ladies of Thailand | Story | Hero Traveler

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Its primary goal was to instill discipline in the youth of the country as well as develop moral and spiritual values. The organization was modeled on the British Boy Scout movement and was founded by one of the earliest Thai Boy Scouts, Praya Phichai Viriyatabut.

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monks are the most respected personal in Thailand

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monks are the most respected personal in Thailand

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Thailand is a standard Buddhist country; everywhere there are temples and shrines, and in them are a bunch of different monks. And this started a long time ago. In the past, monks were responsible for holding different kinds of ceremonies, and temples were free schools for the poor. In schools, they taught Buddhist stuff, so most Thai people were Buddhist at the time. There’s even a rule that you need to at least go be a monk before you become an adult. And in normal lives, when people run into problems such as mental or paranormal things, they also seek help from the monks; their rankings are even higher than the kings and queens!

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Red Fanta is red, and so is the color of blood. According to theories, people use red fanta because in the past they offered blood, but now they replace it with fanta, and the red signifies both fertility and sacrifice. And it is often seen in spirit houses in front of Thai homes as an offering, or even in temples, but it’s less likely to happen because it is more formal.

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The leather puppet tradition is an old tradition that lasted around 50 centuries but is rarely heard about nowadays. It is known for its skills when making and even performing. The puppet is made without color or people. It is a shadow puppet, so even though there are colors, when performing, audiences are only seeing shadows of the puppet, so the color still doesn’t matter. Similar kinds of traditions are seen in Malaysia, Cambodia, and Indonesia. The performance requires a minimum of at least 10 performers: the main manipulator/narrator, his assistant, the orchestra, and the team, which is only separated from the audience by a white screen.

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Ruean Ton is one of the most casual dresses, but still a traditional dress, often worn at non-official occasions such as religious ceremonies. The outfit consists of a tube-like skirt made from silk with a striped or plain design and embroidery at the hem. The skirt is paired with a collarless blouse with a row of buttons on the front and elbow-length sleeves. The Ruean Ton is a two-piece dress; therefore, the blouse and skirt are separate.

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As one of the most famous and elegant traditional dresses from Thailand, Chakkri boasts a grandeur appropriate for any formal occasion. The outfit includes a long tube skirt with two front pleats and a sabai. A sabai is a top made from silk that wraps around the shoulders and trails to the ground on one side.

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Sabai is a traditional Thai garment only worn by women. It is a kind of clothing that wraps around the upper body and trails to the ground, leaving one side of the shoulder open. Traditionally, it can be worn alone, but today they tend to wear another layer of clothing inside.

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Sabai is a traditional Thai garment only worn by women. It is a kind of clothing that wraps around the upper body and trails to the ground, leaving one side of the shoulder open. Traditionally, it can be worn alone, but today they tend to wear another layer of clothing inside.

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Sinh is traditional clothing worn only by women, usually around Northern and Northeastern Thailand as well as Laos. It is handmade and often made out of silk. Thai Sinh are usually worn on special occasions, but in Laos, they wear them like regular clothing. The fabric of Sinh is made out of a thicker piece of fabric, a traditional weaving technique called yok, and craftsmen will also add fine threads of gold or silver weaving to it.

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Chon kraben is traditional Thai clothing worn by men and women, but sometimes men wear it topless. It is a piece of cloth tied around the waist and then pulled back between the legs. It is also a good kind of clothing to resist heat when going outside because the clothing usually uses cloth that lets wind pass through. And this clothing is worn not only in Thailand but also in Laos and Cambodia, and they have some slight differences. It started around the mid-13th century. (Fun fact: poor people who cannot afford chon kraben just wear rice sacks.)

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In Thai culture, giants are usually seen in literature, for example, like Phra Aphai Mani. In our everyday lives, they are a symbol to keep out evil. In Thai, it is called "Yak." They have sharp fangs that stick out, and each one of them has a different weapon. The most famous Yak is the Hanuman.

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Thai Nagas originate from Indian mythology and are a serpent. They are also considered protectors, but sometimes they may be aggressive, but overall, they are still beneficial for humans. They are seen along with Buddhas or in front of staircases and houses, used as protection from bad things. It is also known as the guardian of water and rain, and some people who lived near the Chao Phraya River also said they saw Nagas in the river too.

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Thailand has a long history of ghost stories, mostly passed on from generations to generations, but these stories are still very rare, yet many people know them. Examples of Thai ghost stories are Mae Nak Phra Kanong, Phi Nam Lum, etc.

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Thai silk is produced from the cocoons of the Thai silkworm and is mainly made in the Khorat province in northern Thailand. It was introduced to Thailand around the 1970s and has been going on ever since, and what makes it unique is that its color changes if viewed from different angles.

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The word Benjarong originates from Bali Sanskrit and means five colors. It is made of Thai porcelain, and the style of multi-color enamels originates from the Chinese Ming dynasty.

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They originated from the Lanna kingdom, and they are a symbol of the rainy, dark season turning into lighter days and cooler seasons. We can still see it today on the northern side of Thailand, or in a province known as Chiang Mai.

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This wall painting is called Whisper of Love and is located in Wat Phumin in Nan Providence. Due to old age, the wall painting Whisper (and other wall paintings in Wat Phumin) is suffering, eroding, and peeling off. The picture is about a man whispering to a woman in a full Tai Lue traditional outfit.

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15. Nuea Foi Khem Pad Wan (sweet and savory shredded beef)(เนื้อฝอยรสหวานและเผ็ด)

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15. Nuea Foi Khem Pad Wan (sweet and savory shredded beef)(เนื้อฝอยรสหวานและเผ็ด)

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Nuea Foi Khem Pad Wan is a traditional dish that almost disappeared in Thailand. On the internet, I can only find 1 website that is related to it, even if I search it in Thai, I can only find the recipe of it.

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เนื้อฝอยหวาน Shredded beef with sweet sauce

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Jim Thomspon is the father of Thai silk. Well,  he didn’t exactly create the idea or anything, but he founded the dying Thai silk industry of that time, and that really helped the Thai economy, so that’s why he is called the Father of Thai Silk.

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Jim Thompson, (born March 21, 1906, Greenville, Del., U.S.-died March 26, 1967, near Tanah Rata, Malaysia?), American-born Thai businessman who turned Thai silk making into a major industry selling worldwide and became an authority on Thai art. His mysterious disappearance in 1967 became a sensation in Southeast Asia and elsewhere.

The son of a wealthy textile manufacturer, Thompson graduated from Princeton University (1928) and studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After working as an architect in New York City from 1931 to 1940, he served as an intelligence officer in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) during World War II in North Africa, Europe, and the China-Burma-India theatre, ending up in Bangkok. In the postwar period, in 1947, he returned to Thailand permanently, became interested in the old cottage industry of silk weaving, and, through his influential contacts in America, began selling luxury silks in New York City and elsewhere. His Thai Silk Company, Ltd., was founded in 1948. He sold to couturiers and achieved a coup in providing the silks used for the costumes of the musical The King and I (1951). By the 1960s business was flourishing and inspired the growth of several Thai competitors in an expanding industry.

Meanwhile, Thompson became a Thai art collector and built in central Bangkok a splendid Thai-style home (now open to tourists). He became the best-known Western foreigner in Bangkok and perhaps in all Southeast Asia.

On a holiday trip to the Cameron Highlands of Malaya in 1967, Thompson mysteriously disappeared after leaving his cottage for a walk through jungle trails. No trace of him was ever found, and speculations were that he was kidnapped for ransom or political purposes, or committed suicide, or intentionally ran off to a new life, or-most likely-met with an accident in the rugged, creviced jungle.

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Jim Thompson | Thai Silk, Textiles & Fashion

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Jim Thompson, American-born Thai businessman who turned Thai silk making into a major industry selling worldwide and became an authority on Thai art. His mysterious disappearance in 1967 became a sensation in Southeast Asia and elsewhere. The son of a wealthy textile manufacturer, Thompson

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Sunthorn Phu, also known as the Shakesphere of Thailand, is known for writing poems such as Phra aphai mani, which is a poem related to Thai mythology with orges, sea monsters, and many other things. It is considered one of Thailand's national epics and is the longest Thai poem ever made, so literally everyone knows who Sunthorn Phu is in Thailand.

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Sunthorn Phu – Thailand’s Beloved Poet – Thailand Foundation

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It is a Thai hobby on the northern side, where people breed beetles and fight and bet on who is going to win, and they do it as a hobby.

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At the Beetle Fights of Northern Thailand - Gwang Chon

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Website of the traditional games in Asean

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Website of the traditional games in Asean

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네이버 블로그 | 한-아세안센터 블로그

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Kite flying, also known as kikik in Brunei Darussalam, layang in Indonesia, vao in Laos, wau in Malaysia, soon hult in Myanmar, guryon in the Philippines, len wow in Thailand, and tha dieu in Vietnam, is a fun play that attempts to make the kite fly in the wind. The kite is popular with everyone and can be seen all around ASEAN. The shape, pattern, timing, and location of their flight reflect the ecology and culture of each place. An open location where the line may be unwound is ideal for kite flying. They are flown for major occasions and festivals like the New Year, when the farming season begins or finishes, and when the harvest is completed. During the monsoon season, when it is windy, they are typically played along the shore. ASEAN kites are often called for their shapes, such as bird, fish, crescent moon, diamond, cat, butterfly, and stingray kites. Typically, the frame is composed of well-dried bamboo broken into tiny slivers. In Malaysia, for example, a unique species of bamboo known as buluh duri is regarded as the best, and bamboos planted near the coast are prized because people think spirits reside in plants. In general, the purpose of kite flying is to fly them as high as possible, and the other is to break the string of the opponent's kite by covering the kite string in a glass or rock power paste. While the first type is the most simple method, the second form is more competitive. Kite flying has a shamanistic element in several nations, particularly in fishing and agricultural regions, and is said to draw out ill-luck and bring in good fortune.

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Every country has games passed down over generations, and they are typically established and mainta...

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Mon Son Pha is a traditional Thai game where a group of kids, at least 4 or more, will sit in a circle. One person will hold a piece of cloth and put it on someone's back, then run back to their seat before the person with the cloth catches him/her. The game goes on until the person with the cloth catches the person who put the cloth, and the person with the cloth wins.

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4. Coconut shell stilts (text based files)

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4. Coconut shell stilts (text based files)

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It is a toy made simply by cutting a coconut in half, poking a hole at the top, putting a rope through it, tying it, and at the end making a stilt for playing. It is a traditional Thai kid's toy that is easy to make and will not break easily.

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14. Nuea Khem Tom Krati (salted beef stewed in coconut cream)(เนื้อเค็มต้มกะทิ)

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14. Nuea Khem Tom Krati (salted beef stewed in coconut cream)(เนื้อเค็มต้มกะทิ)

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Nuea Khem Tom Krati is a traditional dish that almost disappeared in Thailand. There are just 2 websites that have information about it, and even if I search in Thai, I can only find the recipe, however, every recipe is different, and besides this, there is no other useful information. This shows us the status of this dish, which means it's almost gone. Nuea Khem Tom Krati is a truly unique dish, and its distinctive flavor is not something you can find elsewhere. That's why it should be preserved. By preserving this cultural gem, we allow the world to experience the taste of Thailand.

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Loy kratong is a festival where people make water lanterns out of banana tree trunks and banana leaves, as well as candles to make, and then put them in the water and let them flow at night. It is a way to thank the water gods after the harvest period, and it is practiced for a long time.

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Songkran is a festival where people pour (spray) water on each other. Originally,  it started with a really hot summer in Thailand, and the trees in the king’s garden all died. So the king decided to sprinkle water on the trees himself, and the next day the trees regrew. So, people started celebrating by spraying water at each other, and that’s the history of songkran, and today it is celebrated by attacking others with your water gun to cool off, then also to go to the temple and sprinkle water at the Buddha.

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Chonburi bufalo racing is a traditional festival that is similar to horse racing but with buffalos, first to get to the end point wins.

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Nai Khanom Tom, also known as the Father of Muay Thai, was a legend in the history of Muay Thai. All of these appellations are attributed to his contribution to Thailand and Muay Thai. Moreover, there’s a celebration of Nai Khanom Tom on March 17th in Thailand, furthermore, he is also the subject of statues, medallions, amulets, plays, a TV miniseries, brand. It’s obvious that Nai Khanom Tom is popular in Thailand, but what “significant” contribution made him that popular?

At the time when Ayutthaya was almost falling in 1767, the Burmese took advantage of it and invaded Thailand to round up a group of residents, to take them as prisoners. Among them were a large number of boxers, who were held by the Burmese potentate in the city of Ungwa.

In 1774, in the Burmese city of Rangoon, Lord Mangra, king of the Burmese, decided to organize a celebration, the celebration included many entertainments, sports, and games, among the fight between Muay Thai and Parme(Burmese own martial art). King Mangra wanted to see whose fighting skill was better, so ordered Thailand to pick the best fighter to fight with them, Nai Khanom Tom was the choice for the Thais as he was renowned for his Muay Thai skills. During the fight, he defeated 10 of Burma’s great fighters, and this made King Mangra applaud the feat that Nai Khanom Tom had. After the game, King Mangra was impressed by his skill and said “Every part of the Siamese is blessed with venom. Even with his bare hands, he could fall nine or ten opponents, But his Lord was incompetent and lost the country to the enemy. If he had been any good, there was no way the city of Ayutthaya would ever have fallen” King Mangra gave him freedom and he returned to Thailand with honour. For the respectful of Muay Thai, Nai Khanom Tom fights with 10 Burma’s great fighters at all costs, this spirit greatly admired the Thai people.

This is the story of Nai Khanom Tom’s significant contribution to Muay Thai, as we can see the greatness of Nai Khanom Tom, and had a huge impact on Muay Thai culture.

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Songthaew is a very common vehicle in Thailand. It looks like a truck with the ceiling on the seats behind the truck, as you can see in the picture. The reason why this vehicle called Songthaew is because there is two rows of seats behind the truck, and “Songthaew” means two rows, therefore this vehicle is called Songthaew. In Thailand, Songthaews are regarded as buses, there are 5 different colors, and each color has its own route, except for the color red, red Songthaew has several routes where no fixed route has been determined, and other four colors, which are yellow, blue, green, white, they all have their route, the route will be posted on the side of the car. The price of all Songthaew are the same, which is about 10-30 baht, when you want to take a ride, just wave your hand to it, and there is a button where you can press to let the driver know that you want to get off at the next stop.

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Tuk-tuk is a common transportation in Thailand, you can see it almost everywhere, it looks like a motorcycle with three wheels as you can see in the photo. In Thailand, a Tuk-tuk is regarded as a taxi, and the price is set based on the traveled distance, but no taximeter. However, if you easily believe the price he offers, don’t be angry about getting scammed, the driver will usually add up the price a little, so that he can earn more money. Remember to save your money as long as you haggle with him. In addition, some divers will deliberately take a longer path, or drive you to jewelry stores(or other attractive stores), and invite you to go shopping. In order to avoid wasting your time, I suggest you to research the fastest route before taking the ride, and show the driver what route you want to take. For short distances, taking the Tuk-tuk is the best choice.

Actually, most Thais don't really take Tuk-tuk, because they have their vehicles, they do not need to take Tuk-tuks, moreover, Tuk-tuk is very expensive for them. Usually, only tourists will take the Tuk-tuk, and this is why we should preserve this culture, Tuk-tuk is a transportation that helps Thailand earn a lot of money, and promote Thai economic development.

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In this website, you can learn how to make the Som Tum

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Som Tum is a very popular traditional dish in Thailand, although the origin of Som Tum is in Laos, and called the tum bak hoong, but spread to Thailand very soon, and Thailand created its own flavor, Som Tum. Since the 1800s, papaya and chili have been key ingredients in Laos cuisine, and papaya salad is also popular in Laos, so they mixed it up and became a spicy papaya salad, called tum bak hoong. This dish spread to Thailand very soon, and when it reached Thai, at first Thais couldn’t accept the flavor that Laos liked, so they decided to customize it with different flavors, including sweet, salty, and sour, which is the Som Tum that we know today, and after their ameliorate, it soon became the street market staple.

The salad combines green papaya with chiles, garlic, shrimp, peanuts, long beans, and tomatoes, and you can toss it with the sauce you like, including salty, sour, and sweet sauces.

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Why It Works

Pounding the ingredients with a wooden pestle coaxes out their aromas, without pulverizing them into a paste.

Mixing in and lightly pounding green papaya just before serving ensures that it absorbs the dressing but also retains its crunch.

Walk down any bustling street in Thailand and you will hear the rhythmic beat of wooden pestles striking clay mortars as vendors prepare iterations of som tam-pounded salads that are paired with a sour dressing. The most well-known entry in this category is easily som tam Thai, the shredded green papaya salad found in central Thailand that has become synonymous with the term "som tam." The salad combines crunchy strips of unripe green papaya with fresh chiles, pungent garlic, savory dried shrimp, roasted peanuts, long beans, and tomatoes, all of which are tossed with a salty-sour-sweet dressing made with fish sauce, lime juice, and palm sugar. It's everything you could want in a salad-refreshing, light, and quick to prepare.

Tam-style pounded salads are integral to the cuisines of Laos and Isan, and they have become a fast-food, on-the-go item that can now be found all over Thailand and pretty much any place that serves Lao or Thai dishes outside of Southeast Asia. While som tam salads follow the same basic preparation blueprint (more on that later), ingredients and flavor profiles vary from region to region. In Laos and Isan, som tam tends to favor savory and sour notes rather than sweetness, with ingredients like pla ra-a fermented fish sauce known as padaek in Lao-salted crabs, and pickled plums. This recipe is for central Thai-style som tam, which is evenly balanced between sour and sweet, thanks to a generous amount of palm sugar in the dressing. Sweetness and saltiness can vary a good deal between styles, but sour, or "som," is a requirement.

The other requirement for tam-style salads is a mortar and pestle-specifically a wooden or clay mortar with a wooden pestle. The goal for pounding ingredients for salads is to lightly bruise and break them down to the point that they release their juices but hold onto their crunchy texture. The kind of heavy granite mortar and pestle I use for making a prik gaeng (curry paste) is great for pulverizing fibrous aromatics and dried spices into a fine paste, but it's not well-suited for pounding tasks that require a lighter touch. The increased volume capacity of a large clay or wooden mortar is ideal for salad-mixing, but despite being larger they are much lighter to maneuver.

Sourcing and Preparing Green Papaya

As for the salad itself, the star of the show is the green papaya. Green papaya is actually fairly easy to source in the US, and can be found at most Asian grocery stores, especially Southeast Asian markets. While they are unripe papayas, I strongly advise against trying to pick out a green-skinned papaya at a supermarket like Whole Foods, no matter how firm and unripe they feel. Despite their appearance, they are much further along in the ripening process than a true green papaya, and you will find that they are orange and sweet once you cut into them. Like green tomatoes, green papayas are their own thing, harvested for a specific culinary purpose, and shouldn't be confused with a fruit that has just been picked before being fully ripe in order to survive shipping. When shopping for green papaya, look for fruit that are firm and feel heavy for their size. If the fruit is squishy, put it down and keep searching.

The traditional way to prepare a green papaya for som tam is to peel it and cut it by hand into strips with a sharp knife. I do this by holding the papaya in my non-dominant hand while making a series of parallel cuts running lengthwise on the papaya, and then shaving down across the length of the papaya to create shreds. This method produces perfectly imperfect shreds with interesting texture, a mix of larger, crunchier pieces, and thinner, more delicate ones. The downside to this method is that it's more time-consuming and it can be a little nerve-wracking for anyone who doesn't trust themselves completely with a sharp knife.

Luckily, there's an easy alternative to hand-cut green papaya: you can use a specialized green papaya peeler, like this affordable one from Kiwi. The Kiwi peeler works much in the same way as a Western julienne peeler; it has a classic y-peeler profile, with a ridged tooth blade that produces even strands of papaya when run down the length of the peeled fruit. Restaurants often favor this tool for making som tam because it gives you consistent results, fast. I find that peeler-shredded papaya doesn't retain its crunch quite as well as knife-cut, and I prefer the varied texture produced with a knife. Whichever method you go with, avoid standard julienne peelers, which create shreds that are too thin, which in turn will result in a soggy som tam.

Pounding the Salad

Once the papaya prep is taken care of, the rest of the salad is a breeze to make. I start by pounding fresh chiles, garlic, and dried shrimp together until they are just slightly broken down. I then add roasted peanuts and pound them slightly before adding softened palm sugar and dissolving it with the pestle by working it around the sides of the mortar. Next, I add long beans and cherry tomatoes, crushing them slightly just to bruise them and release some juices before adding in lime juice and fish sauce. It's critical to taste for seasoning at this point as once the green papaya goes in, it's more difficult to adjust.

The dressing should be sour, sweet, and savory all at once, with background heat from the chiles. When the dressing tastes right, I add in the green papaya and work it into the mix by stirring with a spoon in one hand while lightly pounding with the pestle with the other hand. The goal here is to have the green papaya absorb the dressing, while still keeping its crunch, so it's critical not to pound too aggressively, and to also be ready to serve the salad immediately. The longer the papaya marinates with the dressing, the softer it will become. However, this shouldn't be an issue; once som tam Thai hits the table, it doesn't tend to sit for long.

Som Tam Thai (Central Thai-Style Green Papaya Salad)

Everything you could want in a salad-refreshing, light, and quick to prepare.

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Som Tam Thai (Central Thai-Style Green Papaya Salad)

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This salad combines crunchy strips of unripe green papaya with fresh chiles, pungent garlic, savory dried shrimp, roasted peanuts, long beans, and tomatoes, all of which are tossed with a salty-sour-sweet dressing made with fish sauce, lime juice, and palm sugar.

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Kaeng Ruer means longboat racing, longboat racing is popular in Thailand, and it’s a traditional sport in Thailand. The historical information of Kaeng Ruer is vague, we don’t know its origin, but we can speculate Kaeng Ruer’s history in Thailand spans centuries. There’s only one information that has been recorded, the record shows that the King of the Ayutthaya period trained oarsmen intended to use in war by a boat contest, and this is also why there’s boat racing Today.

The boat races are usually held from September to October, and the purpose of the game is to demonstrate the bond between local Thais and the river and to show the morals, courage, and strength of the rowing crew. Each team consists of 8 to 10 oarsmen and one helmsman. The boats used in Kaeng Ruer are made from hardwood and tied colored cloth on the boat.

There are a lot of boat races in Thailand, which can attract people from other countries to watch boat races and promote Thai economic development, so this culture should be preserved.

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Sepak Takraw is a traditional sport in Thailand, which arose around 15 A.D. in Thailand. Sepak Takraw is also called kick volleyball, because the way to play it, is very similar to volleyball. A team comprises 3 players and consists of a striker, a server, and a bowler. You must win 3 sets and score 21 points in every set to win the game. Players must stand in the circle during the serve(only the team who serves), there are three circles on the court, including quarter circles and service circles, the service circle is for the player who serves, and other players would need to stand in the quarter circle.

Rules:

Players are allowed to use their body and head to hit the ball, but not their arms or hands.

A team is allowed with a maximum of three touches of the ball before it goes over the net, player may take all three touches himself.

Players can not let the ball hit the ground or hit the ground outside the court.

The player cannot touch the net.

Players cannot lift their foot out of the circles during the serve.

Nowadays, Sepak Takraw has become a global sport, even featuring in the Olympics. This indicates that sepak takraw culture has spread worldwide, so this is why I think this culture should be preserved.

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【2021第一次藤球排名賽】甲組三人賽精華－從師徒到隊友征戰世錦賽

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Muay Thai PPT slideshow, include history, game introduction, and rules

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Krabi Kra-bong PPT slideshow, includes history, game introduction, and different types of weapons

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As part of the kaleidoscope project we aim to preserve endangered culture in Thailand due to globalization. In Thai society because of the younger generations rejecting traditional culture due to the adoption of western cultures traditional forms of culture are being superseded. For the new generation, they tend to like the western culture because for them it is like a symbol of modernism and technology in cities. Also, because of the foreign tourism in rural provinces of Thailand, the culture naturally will change to meet the tourist's needs, resulting in the disappearance of the original culture. The reason for this is because younger generations wanting to seek better opportunities for work in cities and leave rural areas.

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The Kaleidoscope Museum project is a project within members of my group. The aim of this project is to preserve the unique cultures of developing countries and to preserve their rich cultural heritage. As a member of this project, I will be focusing on Thailand's culture with my partner, Lester. Providing 15 different perspectives. Thailand’s culture has been deeply influenced by religion, as most of the population is Buddhist. In 2014, Thailand’s military took control from the government and returned ‘order’ on multiple things. This was one of the reasons why Thailand’s culture has started to become endangered. Through our online media community, Padlet, we will be showcasing the different perspectives and their importance, providing reasons why we should preserve Thailand’s culture.