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The Union had 75% of the nation's railroad networks. This allowed the Union access to easy transport of supplies and people.

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The North had easy access to quickly made supplies. Because of this, they were more prepared than the South was.

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The North had a much larger population than the South. This meant they had more people to fill spots in the military.

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Because of the easily accessed railroads, The Union had much better communication during the war.

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The Union constantly had to fight on the south's land where they were unfamiliar with the territory.

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The South had a lot more land than the North did before the secession which made victory difficult.

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The North was unfamiliar with the South's land which made it difficult to predict things like weather.

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The Confederate army mainly fought defense so they were mostly on their own land

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The generals from the south were much more experienced than the generals from the north which made the soldiers more successful.

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The South was fighting on their own land which gave them the upper hand because of familiarity.

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The South had fewer railways and weaker communication than the North which made battle difficult.

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There was a lack of factories in the South which made production of weapons slow.

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The South had an incredibly weak navy and that the beginning didn't even have one to start with.