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South Africa has gone through a period of racial segregation and intense violence in the past, the after effects are still evident in today's society. The 2 philosophies can be applied in schools to enforce radical change, learners need to create their own identities without the victim mentality using existentialism and progressivism to become the change fought for in the past. The teaching approaches and methods are applicable to some extent, allowing free will and expression in schools might create further resistance to the systems, rules and moral values set in schools. Teaching learners to reflect on their daily experiences through experiential learning will be beneficial to them and will help them acquire the skills required in the 4th industrial revolution such as collaboration, communication skills, problem-solving skills, scientific and critical thinking skills.

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Teaching philosophy, approaches and methods.

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Teaching philosophy, approaches and methods.

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Mrs Gruwell's teaching philosophy is built on progressivism, where she makes use of the learners personal lives and experiences such as gangsterism, racial tensions and violence to promote problem solving skills and individual development. She motivates her learners to accept change. She makes use of the interactive, collaborative and constructivist approach. She introduces technology integration, field trips, games, cooperative writing and discussion/debate methods of teaching to promote experiential learning which enforces the concept of 'learn by doing'.

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Existentialism: allows the learners to use freedom of expression and imagination to attain self-discovery.

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Existentialism: allows the learners to use freedom of expression and imagination to attain self-discovery.

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"I stand upon my desk to remind myself that we must constantly look at things in a  different way".
"We all have a great need for acceptance but you must trust that your own beliefs are unique, your own".
"No matter what anyone tells you, words and ideas can change the world".

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Progressivism: allows the learners to use their daily experiences to find solutions, become enlightened and to embrace change.  

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Progressivism: allows the learners to use their daily experiences to find solutions, become enlightened and to embrace change.  

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"We're gonna play a game, all right? It's a lot of fun. I promise. Look,you can either sit in your seats reading those workbooks,
or you can play a game. Either way, you're in here till the bell rings. Okay. This is called the Line Game. I'm gonna ask you
a question. If that question applies to you, you step onto the line, and then step back away for the next question. Easy, right?"
"Ms. G wanted us to put our diaries together in a book, just like Anne Frank. She got this businessman, John Tu, to donate 35 computers so we could work. She told us we have something to say to people. We weren't just kids in a class anymore. We weren't just kids in a class anymore. We were writers with our own voices, our own stories. And even if nobody else read it, the book would be something to leave behind that said we were here, this is what happened, we mattered. Even if it was just to each other. And we won't forget. Ms. G didn't promise it would get published or anything, but we could get it out there ourselves. She asked
us to come up with a title, something to call ourselves."

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Teaching philosophy, approaches and methods.

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Teaching philosophy, approaches and methods.

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Mr Keating's philosophy is built on existentialism, he teaches learrners the art of free will or thinking. He uses poetry to allow learners recognize the different paths open to them and to encourage them that they can choose who they become. By using existentialism he promotes self-discovery through imagination and free will. He makes use of the reflective approach and unorthodox teaching methods in which he allows self-expression and influences learners not to accept traditional methods of life taught to them.