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Information security concerns data within a cyberspace as well as physical data. Cyber security strictly pertains to a cyberspace. They are both similar in that they both protect information but only cyber security aims to protect online information instead of physical and digital data like information security. The recent trends of AI, phishing, and cyber attacks threaten many companies from being able to operate. Companies have to spend millions on cyber security by hiring ethical hackers to get into security systems by manipulating forms of customer support. Companies are establishing 2-step verification and more secure identification like biometrics. It is difficult for companies to establish a fine line for productivity and security for their employers. Trial and error is not always an option as there are millions of dollars at stake if there is a security breach. The cyber security industry is growing at a rapid pace while facing challenges of ethics and a balance of productivity and security.

https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2023/10/11/the-10-biggest-cyber-security-trends-in-2024-everyone-must-be-ready-for-now/?sh=3962e6855f13

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The 10 Biggest Cyber Security Trends In 2024 Everyone Must Be Ready For Now
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By the end of the coming year, the cost of cyber attacks on the global economy is predicted to top $10.5 trillion.

This staggering amount reflects the growing need for cyber security to be treated as a strategic priority on an individual, organizational and governmental level.

As in every other field of business and technological endeavor, artificial intelligence (AI) will have a transformative impact on both attack and defense. Its impact will be felt across every one of the trends covered here.

Recent years have brought an acceleration in the pace of technological advancement in many fields, and cyber threats are no different. As they say, forewarned is forearmed - so read on to find out what my predictions are for the cyber security trends everybody should be on high alert for as we head into 2024.

The Cyber Security Skills Crunch

A shortage of professionals with the skills needed to protect organizations from cyber attacks continues to be a running theme throughout 2024. In fact, the situation appears to be getting worse - research indicates that a majority (54 percent) of cyber security professionals believe that the impact of the skills shortage on their organization has worsened over the past two years. We can expect efforts to rectify this situation to include a continued increase in salaries paid to those with the necessary skills, as well as greater investment in training, development and upskilling programs.

Generative AI Adopted On Both Sides Of The Battle

As AI increases in sophisticoation at a frankly alarming rate, we will continue to see more sophisticated and smart AI-powered attacks. This will range from deepfake social engineering attempts to automated malware that intelligently adapts in order to evade detection. At the same time, it will help us detect, evade or neutralize threats thanks to real-time anomaly detection, smart authentication and automated incident response. If cyber attack and defense in 2024 is a game of chess, then AI is the queen - with the ability to create powerful strategic advantages for whoever plays it best.

Next-Level Phishing Attacks

Social engineering attacks involving tricking users into giving attackers access to systems will also increase in sophistication. Generative AI (such as ChatGPT) tools enable more attackers to make smarter, more personalized approaches, and deepfake attacks will become increasingly prevalent. The response to this will largely revolve around organization-wide awareness and education, although AI and zero trust will play a growing role, too.

Cyber Security In The Board Room

In 2024, cybersecurity is a strategic priority that can no longer be siloed in the IT department. Gartner has predicted that by 2026, 70 percent of boards will include at least one member with expertise in the field. This enables organizations to move beyond reactive defense, meaning that they can act on new business opportunities that come with being prepared.

IoT Cyber Attacks

More devices talking to each other and accessing the internet means more potential "ins" for cyber attackers to take advantage of. With the work-from-home revolution continuing, the risks posed by workers connecting or sharing data over improperly secured devices will continue to be a threat. Often, these devices are designed for ease of use and convenience rather than secure operations, and home consumer IoT devices may be at risk due to weak security protocols and passwords. The fact that industry has generally dragged its feet over the implementation of IoT security standards, despite the fact that the vulnerabilities have been apparent for many years, means it will continue to be a cyber security weak spot - though this is changing (more on this below).

Cyber Resilience - Beyond Cyber Security

Two terms that are often used interchangeably are cyber security and cyber resilience. However, the distinction will become increasingly important during 2024 and beyond. While the focus of cyber security is on preventing attacks, the growing value placed on resilience by many organizations reflects the hard truth that even the best security can't guarantee 100 percent protection. Resilience measures are designed to ensure continuity of operations even in the wake of a successful breach. Developing the capability to recover in an agile manner while minimizing data loss and downtime will be a strategic priority in 2024.

Less Than Zero Trust

The fundamental concept of zero trust - always verify - evolves as systems become more complex and security is integrated into business strategy. Zero trust states that there is no perimeter within which network activity can be assumed to be safe. As the threat landscape evolves, this principle extends beyond the corporate network to the ecosystem of remote workers, partnered organizations and IoT devices. In 2024, zero trust moves from being a technical network security model to something adaptive and holistic, enabled by continuous AI-powered real-time authentication and activity monitoring.

Cyber Warfare And State-Sponsored Cyber Attacks

The war in Ukraine, which looks set to enter its third year, has exposed the extent to which states are willing and able to deploy cyber attacks against military and civilian infrastructure in 2024. It's a safe bet that going forward, wherever military operations take place around the world, they will go hand-in-hand with cyber warfare operations. The most common tactics include phishing attacks designed to gain access to systems for the purposes of disruption and espionage and distributed denial-of-service attacks to disable communications, public utilities, transport and security infrastructure. Outside of warfare, major elections will take place in 2024 in countries including the US, UK and India, and we can expect an increase in cyber attacks aimed at disrupting the democratic process.

Soft Skills Becoming Increasingly Essential For Cyber Security Professionals

Cybersecurity professionals will increasingly be expected to take on more complex workloads during 2024 as the threat landscape grows ever more sophisticated. This doesn't simply mean in a technical sense - those with responsibility for countering cyber threats will also find themselves tasked with more complex social and cultural aspects of threat mitigation. This will lead to a growing reliance on soft skills such as interpersonal communication, relationship-building and problem-solving.

Cyber Security Regulation

Governments and organizations are becoming increasingly aware of the risks to national security and to economic growth posed by cyber threats. The potential social and political fallout of large-scale data breaches is also a major factor in the emergence of new regulations around cyber security issues. For example, businesses in the UK have until April 2024 to ensure they are compliant with the Product Security and Telecommunications Act, which sets out minimum security requirements that networked products must adhere to (for example, they mustn't be shipped with a default password). Implementation of the EU's similar Radio Equipment Directive has been delayed until 2025, but the topic is still likely to be high on the agenda of legislators throughout 2024.

You can read more about future tech and business trends in my books, The Future Internet: How the Metaverse, Web 3.0, and Blockchain Will Transform Business and Society, Future Skills: The 20 Skills And Competencies Everyone Needs To Succeed In A Digital World and Business Trends in Practice, which won the 2022 Business Book of the Year award.And don't forget to subscribe to my newsletter and follow me on X (Twitter), LinkedIn, and YouTube for more on the future trends in business and technology.

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The 10 Biggest Cyber Security Trends In 2024 Everyone Must Be Ready For Now

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Facing a predicted $10.5 trillion in cyber attack damages and a landscape swiftly morphing due to AI's rise, discover the top cyber security trends of 2024.

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As technologies advance, so do the skills of hackers seeking to exploit system vulnerabilities.

Organizations need to understand cyber risks and plan for tomorrow's challenges.

We've outlined the trends which could shape the future of cybersecurity and how to prepare for them.

In order to disrupt a country, halt major commercial flows or make important financial gains, hackers usually look for vulnerabilities that have not yet been discovered. The constant technological evolution is a catalyst for them to find new flaws to exploit.

Therefore, in a fast-evolving digital ecosystem, decision-makers in government, industry, academia, and civil society need to anticipate and address tomorrow's cybersecurity challenges to stay ahead of the curve.

Below are some of the key insights, tensions, and trade-offs that will likely shape the future of cybersecurity and that can help an organization better prepare to face cyber threats.

Public and private investments in security technologies, as well as broader efforts to tackle cybercrime, defend critical infrastructure, and raise public awareness about cybersecurity, are likely to reap tangible payoffs by 2030. Cybersecurity will be less about "defending fortresses" than moving toward acceptance of ongoing cyber-risk, with a focus on bolstering resilience and capacity for recovery. As markers of this trend, passwords could be nearly obsolete by 2030, cybersecurity will be widely taught in primary schools, and cryptocurrencies will be more effectively regulated. Still, while investments in more secure systems and basic cyber hygiene will raise many above the "cyber poverty line," progress is likely to be unevenly distributed across communities and geographies.

Erosion of trust online is poised to deepen and continue to undermine offline relationships and institutions. Advances in artifical intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) will make it increasingly difficult to distinguish between humans and machines online, potentially leading many people to shift their activities back offline and even revert to using analogue devices. In a world of increasingly sophisticated synthetic media and AI-based cyberattacks, cybersecurity will become less about protecting confidentiality and more about protecting the integrity and provenance of information. Unfortunately, at the moment when societies most need to come together to solve major problems like climate change, distrust could lead to a retreat from regional and global cooperation. We need to work to avoid this outcome.

There is both optimism and uneasiness about the rapid pace of scientific advancement and commercial adoption of AI and ML technologies. On the upside, we will see vast innovation in sectors such as medicine and transportation, as well as improvements to cybersecurity. On the downside, AI will also lead to innovation in cybercrime, and ML models could train themselves to achieve illicit or devious ends. There is a lack of clarity in how governments, companies, or communities will ensure that AI and other technology-based systems are built, deployed, and monitored safely and ethically, and no clear forum from which that guidance will come.

The trend toward "digital sovereignty" and internet fragmentation will continue, as efforts toward internet interoperability and cross-border data transfers will compete with efforts by governments to establish localized or regional controls over online spaces. This may be an opportunity for local communities to have more agency in defining digital security, but we could also see a "wild west" of disinformation, surveillance, and more powerful cyberattacks emanating from rogue states that have isolated themselves from the global internet. The trend toward deglobalization could also lead to more pronounced "regional pockets of truth," with differences in information defined by geographic or other boundaries, and governments could exert more control through technology.

By 2030, we will know whether early cybersecurity efforts at privacy legislation (such as Europe's GDPR) are delivering on their policy objectives, but it remains uncertain whether we will have improved methods for managing personal data by 2030 or will be living in a world in which we have given up on contemporary notions of individual privacy.

6. Metaverse uncertainty

Participants were split between those who believe that the metaverse (or metaverses) will not materialize, and will be considered a failed experiment by 2030, and those who believe we need to accelerate policy innovation to keep up with the new privacy and security issues that a fully realized metaverse will pose. However, the most dystopian visions of the future that emerged from the workshops were based on a passive consumer (i.e., living in the metaverse to escape problems in the real world). The antidote to this dystopia, and a key aspect of what the future holds, relies on our ability to educate citizens to embrace critical thinking.

In the workshops held in Europe, we heard concerns about a blurring of frontiers between governments and private corporations (for example, a few participants speculated about a future in which the largest tech companies hold seats on the UN Security Council). From US-based participants, we heard more concerns about a trend toward digital sovereignty, the security issues companies face in addressing increasingly divergent regulatory requirements around the world, and lack of a practical human rights framework for determining compliance trade-offs. Most agreed that the public sector will play an important role as both buyer and investor in technology and in developing guardrails in how cybersecurity plays out.

It is imperative for security practitioners to take a holistic view on the advancement of digital technologies to stay ahead of the curve. As per the Global Cybersecurity Outlook Report, a varied range of new technologies is being adopted by organizations, significantly raising the complexity of securing the digital ecosystem and widening the attack surface for malicious actors to exploit. It is therefore paramount to monitor how these technologies evolve, together with their social, economic and political contexts to make informed business decisions on organizational resilience.

The World Economic Forum, in collaboration with the Center for Long-Term Cybersecurity (CLTC), is running the Cybersecurity Futures 2030 initiative. It is a foresight-focused scenario-planning exercise to inform cybersecurity strategic plans and enable practitioners to understand the impact and prepare for the future of digital security.

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7 trends that could shape the future of cybersecurity in 2030

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Know the key insights, tensions, and trade-offs that will likely shape the future of cybersecurity and can help an organization better prepare to face cyber threats

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Although Hacking is a relatively broad term, it can be broken down into white, gray and black hat hackers. White-hat hackers are often considered helpful and entirely ethical in practice. They only use their skills to find weakness in order to help create stronger security. Gray-hat can go either way in terms of ethical practice. While they are similar to white-hat hackers in terms of what they do, they often can sell data and use it against the victim. Black-hat have the intent and purpose of profiting off what they hack and are not ethical or legal.

The biggest difference is the motivation behind the hacking. Some do it for fun or to help a number of different entities while others do it purely out of financial benefit. Depending on what/who’s getting targeted has a lot to do with the legal implications and how ethical it is.

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What is hacking?

Hacking is when someone remotely gains unauthorized access to another person or organization's computer system. They do it by finding and exploiting a 'back-door' or vulnerability in a device or system, bypassing the normal security procedures such as passwords, security pins and fingerprint recognition access points. Cybercriminals use hacking as a tool to extort, exploit and/or gain access to personal data as well as corporate information and even government secrets.

Although steps can be taken to avoid falling victim to hacking, nothing is 100% effective and anyone can fall victim to hacking attacks affecting individual users right through to global companies, corporations and governments.

Why do people hack?

A device may get hacked for a number of reasons affecting an individual's use of their computer or phone where their data can get compromised and used by cybercriminals. Some of the most common reasons for hacking are:

Personal data - Someone may try to gain remote access to a computer to steal logins to social media accounts, bank details or personal photos. Once they gain access to this information, they can use it to impersonate an individual or distribute their details online in the form of revenge porn or doxing.

Revenge - Someone might hack into a computer to exact revenge. They may take someone's personal data and share it with the purpose of instilling embarrassment and/or fear in a victim.

Blackmail - Cybercriminals might use information they find while hacking or using the threat of hacking into someone else's computer to extort or blackmail an individual into doing things such as; giving the hacker money, sending or publishing compromising or sexually explicit images (sextortion) or in some cases, breaching the law.

More often than not, if one person is targeted for hacking - the perpetrator is known to the victim. Hacking is also becoming a growing problem for businesses and organizations. Some of the biggest companies in the world have experienced security breaches which have had a devastating impact on public confidence. Some reasons that a business may be hacked are:

Financial gain - Cybercriminals may attempt to take control over computer systems in order to stop the business from being able to function effectively. Once they've remotely taken over the company's computer systems, they could ask for lump sums of money with the promise of returning the system back to normal. This practice has seen many successful businesses around the world face huge costs and legal fees to recover compromised data while having to deal with confidential information about staff being made public.

Gain access to personal data - Because most businesses will store the data of customers and/or clientele, cybercriminals can use this data to impersonate individuals, extort from them directly or distribute their information in the form of doxing.

The effects hacking can have on a company or organization

When a business is hacked, it can have devastating effects and in some cases, result in large fines and class action lawsuits. Some of the affects also lead to:

Bad reputation - After a business is hacked by a cybercriminal, they may get a bad reputation among existing and potential new customers. They could come across as untrustworthy and illegitimate.

Confidentiality breach - Customers of the hacked company could feel like the business itself is responsible for their information being shared or distributed online or offline, and potentially sue the company for a confidentiality breach.

Time cost - If the company has had to spend hours or days trying to regain access to the systems that have been hacked, they could lose a lot of time and spend significantly on resuming normal operations.

Loss of clientele - If the company is deemed 'unsafe' then people will stop using the their services which could result in the company suffering steep financial losses.

Direct financial loss - The hackers might request or demand money from the company with the promise of giving them back control of their computer systems.

All of these damaging affects could be detrimental to a company not just at the time of the breach, but due to the nature of the internet - as information of the breach can live on indefinitely.

How do people hack?

Cybercriminals hack other people's devices by exploiting weaknesses in existing software and creating new programs or scripts to gather information. This can be done in multiple ways without the knowledge of the user.

Once a hacker has gained access to a device, there are numerous ways that they can exploit the system. Some of these include:

Hacking passwords - There are many ways that someone can hack another person's password to gain access to their computer or social media accounts. These range from making an educated guess (if they know the owner of the accounts) or through the use of a "brute force attack" in which they use a script with algorithms to generate every possible combination of numbers, letters and symbols until they are able to generate the correct password.

Gaining 'Backdoor' access - Sometimes hackers will install a program onto the victim's computer that will search for any unprotected entrances into computer systems. They may also be able to do this by creating and infecting the device with a virus called a Trojan horse.

Keystroke logging - Hackers can install a program on the victim's computer which can read and record each keystroke made by the device user, making it possible for the perpetrator to have everything they need to gain entrance to that person's computer system and/or possibly steal and use their identity.

Using "zombie computers" - Zombie computers are a network of compromised computers which a hacker will use to send out seemingly authentic emails to internet users' inboxes. Once the potential victim clicks on what seems like a real link, it will open a portal between the two computers, giving the cybercriminal remote access and control of the victim's computer without the victim knowing anything about it.

How to avoid being hacked

Although nothing can provide 100% immunity from security breaches, there are steps that you can take to reduce your chances of falling victim to hackers. Some of these include:

Keeping your passwords safe - As well as not sharing your passwords with anyone, it is important to change your passwords regularly and not use the same password for many different social media accounts. A lot of social media platforms offer two-factor authentication where you are able to add an extra layer of protection to your online accounts.

Being careful when using public WIFI - When connecting to public WIFI, be cautious as hackers can easily set up illegitimate WIFI networks and make them look completely authentic. The most authentic way to check the network's legitimacy is to ask those who own the network (the shop or company that are responsible for the connection.) Another way to stay safe when roaming outside of your home is to turn off your automatic WIFI connector. You can do this in your mobile settings and this will stop you from connecting to any fake or potentially dangerous WIFI networks by accident.

Checking the websites you visit - When using the internet, you can make yourself vulnerable to hackers without even knowing it. The best way of avoiding this is by checking the URL bar for a lock symbol or 'HTTPS' in the url of the website you are visiting. This symbol or assortment of letters mean that the website you are on is encrypted and because of that, hackers will be unable to gain access to any information you enter when visiting that particular site as it will be scrambled and inaccessible.

App requests - When you use apps, it may ask for access to things like your photos, contacts or location. Be careful when allowing apps this level of control as it could be used to modify information on your device or access pictures and videos you don't want to be shared or stored elsewhere on the internet.

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Everything you need to know about hacking including why people hack and what to do if you are a victim of hacking.

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Information Security Policy and Planning

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Information Security Policy and Planning

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Some key considerations for information security are protecting people’s data from threats such as cyber threats or physical threats such as floods. To keep a balance between security and user convenience organizations need to give the user a responsibility to make well-informed decisions.

There are ethical considerations for information security like user privacy. Organizations are expected to keep data disclosed and not open to anyone. Another ethical dilemma for organizations is fairness. This involves ensuring that security measures do not disproportionately impact certain groups or individuals, such as through discriminatory profiling or surveillance practices.

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What is Information Security? - GeeksforGeeks

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A Computer Science portal for geeks. It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions.