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Consider both Avatar and Things Fall Apart.  What symbols are used to convey the imbalance of power and the oppression experienced by the indigenous populations?  Explain whether or not these symbols were effectively used.

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Consider both Avatar and Things Fall Apart.  What symbols are used to convey the imbalance of power and the oppression experienced by the indigenous populations?  Explain whether or not these symbols were effectively used.

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Discuss the connections between colonialism and environmental exploitation.  How do the colonizers' extractive practices impact the ecosystems and indigenous livelihoods?

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Discuss the connections between colonialism and environmental exploitation.  How do the colonizers' extractive practices impact the ecosystems and indigenous livelihoods?

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Read:  Native Peoples See Themselves in 'Avatar' (voanews.com).  Director James Cameron says Avatar is meant to be an emotional film, not a political one. How do you see the movies: emotional or political?  How do you think indigenous people view this film?

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Read:  Native Peoples See Themselves in 'Avatar' (voanews.com).  Director James Cameron says Avatar is meant to be an emotional film, not a political one. How do you see the movies: emotional or political?  How do you think indigenous people view this film?

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Analyze the various strategies of resistance employed by the indigenous peoples in Avatar and Things Fall Apart.  How do these strategies evolve over the course of each narrative? 

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Analyze the various strategies of resistance employed by the indigenous peoples in Avatar and Things Fall Apart.  How do these strategies evolve over the course of each narrative? 

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What are the long-term consequences of colonialism depicted in Avatar and Things Fall Apart for both the colonizers and the indigenous populations?How do the legacies of colonialism continue to shape the societies?

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What are the long-term consequences of colonialism depicted in Avatar and Things Fall Apart for both the colonizers and the indigenous populations?How do the legacies of colonialism continue to shape the societies?

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Read:  The Racial Politics of 'Avatar' | Psychology Today Canada.  Is Avatar just another “white savior” film, or do you agree with the author of the article that it is “deeper than that”?  

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Read:  The Racial Politics of 'Avatar' | Psychology Today Canada.  Is Avatar just another “white savior” film, or do you agree with the author of the article that it is “deeper than that”?  

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Imbalance of power comes from motivation. The Indigenous people truly care for one another and have multiple goals, while the colonizers only have one goal in both stories. That gives the colonizers both the power and element of surprise, since the Indigenous don’t know they’re coming until it’s too late.

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The imbalance of power is displayed in Avatar when humans use their guns and weapons to their technological advantage. The technological advantage of the humans oppressed the Na’vi people because they were not able to fight back to the same degree that the humans were. An imbalance of power is shown in Things Fall Apart when the white men begin to take over Umuofia and completely disregard the religion of the Igbo people.

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Seeds from the tree represent a heroic destiny. Toruk was to represent commitment and belonging to the Na’vi people. The avatar is a way to look at new growth in technology and personal self. Locusts from Things fall apart represent destruction. Ash can show that things have been destroyed.

These were all well used in the movie and also the book, using the way that both peoples don't know what's coming till its too late or early enough to try and stop it.

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In “Things Fall Apart” you can tell that the white men quietly gained power until their government was the law in the land of the tribes. This meant that the land that Umuofia used to be in control of they lost and the white man took power.  In Avatar the comparison of power shows when the humans use guns and heavy artillery while the Na’vi use their bows and arrows to fight their ships. Which shows how much stronger the humans are when it comes to warfare.

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In things fall apart, yams symbolize masculinity and strength. In Avatar the symbol for masculinity and strength in the people that live there. The locusts in Things fall apart is like the colonists coming to destruct everything. In Avatar the army is the symbol for colonialism and they are coming to take over. They were used effectively because they added to the story and narrative.

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Symbols such as fire in Things Fall Apart are used to help show the imbalance of power throughout the book. This can especially be seen when the clan decides to burn down the church which can show how there is an imbalance of power between the Christians and the natives. I think they have used it effectively as it that science helped to show the tensions between the two groups.

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Some symbols of power used by both colonizers are weapons which was used to keep down the indigenous population. There were also natural symbols of the inequal balance of power with the oracle of the hills and tree of souls as both were ruined by colonizers who ruined the native's relationship with their environment. The locust was also a symbol of the imbalance of power as they started small but eventually grew to consume everything and leave nothing intact afterwards.

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Both Avatar and Things Fall Apart show that when there is an imbalance of power, things go wrong. The tree in Avatar can show this because it was destroyed by the colonist. Their things were taken from them and they lost power. It also showed how many people they lost from being taken over.

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Fire is used to convey masculinity and the impulse to fight for one's land. Ash represents the worthless remains of what's left, like the land of the Avatar and the village's religion. I think these symbols were effectively used because they showed how the colonies were taken over.

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In Things Fall Apart religion is a recurring symbol for imbalance because the colonists clam that is the reason that they are there, which is to convert the clan and show them the falseness of their faith.

In Avatar, land is a symbol of imbalance because the military and the people from Earth view land as nothing but trees and leaves ( in the film they say that the people are being sent back to their dying land ) while the Navi believe that their land is everything.

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The ecosystem is hurt by the lack of care of the dying nature around them and Indigenous lose homes and hope to protect it. The colonizers overall cause an emotional downfall upon the indigenous in both Things Fall Apart and Avatar that led to a loss of culture and nature.

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I see the movie as emotional and I think the Indigenous would see it that way as well. Yes there are political elements, but the emotions heavily outweigh that. Maybe the Indiegnous feel these emotions that are expressed in the film, but whatever the author says it is, that is what it is going to be. Plus, not all of the emotions come from the Indigenous or the colonizing.

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Ecological approaches reveal Pandora's luminous world, with Na'vi lives resonating with deep ecology. Avatar's interconnectedness allows Na'vi and Avatars to physically link to planet and Pandora, mingling histories through human-technological connections. The destructive impact of human actions on an environment and its people led to lots of death and destruction of the environment. Getting rid of some of the links to the planet.

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In Avatar the colonizers were very destructive with the ecosystem and cut down many trees and even blew up the home tree to make it fall, in the process started a large fire in the forest which the colonizers did not care to stop. In Things Fall Apart the colonizers took land and built buildings in the Evil Forest which does have small environmental effects as well.

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Colonialism has bad impacts on Indigenous environment. Indigenous communities have to face threats to their lands and livelihoods because of the ruining of their lands. The development projects in both Avatar and in Things fall apart were leading to physical impacts and social impacts.

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I see the movie as a more emotional film, it grabs your emotions and makes you look at things which have happened.

Indigenous people seem to be half happy with the film and half unhappy with the film, the ones who don’t seem happy with the film most likely don’t see how it helps to show what has or still is happening.

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I saw Avatar as a more political film because it did seem to cover many general topics of Native American tribe’s history and environmental awareness seemed to find its way in the film too. Because of this I think Indigenous people saw this film as a political movie too, and might have related to it.

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In Avatar when the military come they bomb the Navi’s sacred tree and in doing so they kill some of their people including their chief and the Navi are forced to seek refuge somewhere else. In Things Fall Apart the colonizers chop down tree in the Evil Forest, but nothing bad happened to them which created doubt within the clan. This doubt causes splits within families and friends.

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In Things Fall Apart, it is never explicitly said, but Europeans colonized Africa for its raw materials in the scramble for Africa, and that was why some of the English government was in Niger.

When this occurred (in real life) they were very destructive to both the environment and people, taking no precautions in extracting the resources both from the earth and from the plant, and the people were beaten, and even raped and taken into slavery

In Avatar, the attacks are more environmentally focused because that is where the Na’vi’s purpose is found. The army is looking for Unobtanium, and that is why they are in Pandora

They are very destructive in looking for it, and eventually it just turns into a war with the Na’vi in which they destroy much of the ecosystem through advanced explosives and other weapons, and this harms the Na’vi because they have a very deep connection with nature.

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In Avatar the humans are exploiting the Na’vi land for its natural resources. They are destroying their sacred places and homes so they can get to a source of unobtanium to sell back on Earth. The Na'vi people were very connected to their environment, so for their land to get destroyed was destroying part of the heart of their people. In Things Fall Apart the white men build their church in the evil forests and begin to exploit the farming land to grow the crops that they want to be grown.

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I see Avatar as an emotional film because of how true and close to home the film is.  From the beginning when the people on earth call the Navi savages it is emotional because the same thing has/is happening within our own world. There may be a "reason" for why they decided to colonize Pandora, but the reason does not match or out way the result. I think indigenous people also see the film as emotional because they actually lived through it and their main concern might not be why it was happening rather than what actually happened

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In both the book and the Movie the colonizers can be seen impacting the wildlife in a negative way. In Pandora many of the wildlife die due to the colonizers and in things fall apart we see how the python get killed by the colonizers. So the colonizers impact the ecosystem in a negative way. This also impacts the indigenous groups because they are very much connected to their wildlife, in things fall apart the animal that was killed was supposed to be this important symbol to their religion. So it has a negative impacts on the Indigenous groups as well.

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When their things are destroyed, it destroys the clans identity. In Avatar when the tree was destroyed, their life's shifted because of the loss. In Things Fall Apart, when the colonizers religion took over, everyone was confused about what they believed. When these things happen, its hard to come back after it.

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I saw the movie as more of an emotional movie. The movie as a a support for the struggling native people today. The movie makes us feel a little sorrow, by the disconnect from nature and the resistance shown to the army. The movie leaves us to look at our planet and be not satisfied with our life.

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I think Avatar can be seen as both emotional and political. Emotional because we see Jake’s character learn to love something he thought was stupid from the start and really find himself among the Na’vi people. The movie Avatar showed his journey to finding who he wanted to be and what made him happy and watch him develop relationships with his peers and the Na’vi people. However it can also be viewed as political because we see how much the humans come into play and what they task Jake to do, they want to find an easy way to steal the resources from the Na’vi and they want Jake to take advantage of them.

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I believe that the film is more emotional and it shows a lot of true aspects of what has happened with colonialism. For Indigenous people to view this film can invoke deeper feelings, this is because they could be able to relate to the film on a deeper level than other people can. After all, it might be something that's happened to their ancestors or right now.

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The colonizers use dirty methods of extracting resources which will eventually damage most of the surrounding environment. In Things Fall Apart the colonizers end up ruining the farmers harvest and mess up their relationship with the surrounding environment such hurting people's belief in the evil forest. In Avatar the colonizers end up burning down large amounts of forest and a sacred tree which damages the native's relationship with their god. They also start a war over natural resources which ends up ruining most of the surrounding environment and nearly leads to the destruction of the Navi culture.

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In Avatar, the military took over their land and took advantage of it. They did this by cutting down trees and causing a fire. You can also see another example of this in Things Fall Apart when the colonizers built a church in the Evil Forest which also affected the tribes living there.

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I see the movie as an emotional one because it shows what happens to the colonies when their things have been destroyed and there is nothing they can do about it. I also think indigenous people view this film as an emotional one because they have a way of relating to it.

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I see the movie as an emotional one, for Cameron made it very easy to empathize with the Na’vi and feel their anger when their environment is destroyed, but I also understand that this was a reality for many native peoples and can most definitely raise awareness for that, however I believe this was mostly accidental. This is because Cameron was trying to create an emotion of defiance and anger through the army destroying all that the Na'vi value.

I think indigenous people probably sympathize with this film, and of course they all have different experiences, but for those who have been colonized I would say this is definitely a film where they feel that their struggle has finally been recognized.

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I think this movie was both political and emotional. It was political because it not only showed us but taught us about colonization and how it affects people.

I think indigenous people would view this movie as emotional rather than political because they have a way to relate to it, whether its through themselves or family members.

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I think that it is a mix of a political and social film. There is a connection to colonization and shows how negative the process is and how it ends up ruining some of the surrounding environment. I also see the film as an emotional one as there are unrealistic parts such as a reverse form of history with the natives banding together to stop the colonizers and have an unrealistic ending with the animals coming to save the humans.

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The people in Things Fall Apart banished the white people to the evil forest and didn’t accept them as part of their community. They become more violent and try to block their access to the river as time goes on. In Avatar, the Avatars fight the sky people back. They try to do anything to protect their homes and their families. The Avatars gain more resistance as the sky people push harder.

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At first, the indigenous people of both stories believed that the colonizers posed no threat to them so they didn’t take them seriously. In Things Fall Apart, the people didn't take them seriously until the white man defied what they believed their gods would do to them after they settled in the evil forest. In Avatar, they didn’t take any action until it was too late and the white man had destroyed their home. These stages of resistance happened slowly in Things Fall Apart compared to Avatar, which happened pretty quickly.

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In the film the native peoples fought back with their bows and arrows as well as merge together in the end to fight the common enemy. They also had the land and animals help when they were losing the battle.

In the book the people didn't fight back until it was too late to win. That was when the leaders were told to go to the commissioners' and were imprisoned. There was also time when the ancestors fought back because they killed one of their gods. They also made a sort of fight back when they placed the people in the evil forest thinking that they would be killed. Another thing was them killing the white man because he was unknown and tying up the bicycle he rode.

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In Avatar, they begin to fight back by using their bows and arrows, which is not effective. They also use their connections with the animals to help them. They not only use the animals to travel to the battles, but their connection with the animals also allows them to rescue them when needed. Their knowledge of the forest also helps the Na'vi to move fast and efficiently throughout the forest. In Things Fall Apart, the people do not plan a true rebellion. Instead, they shun the people who have turned to Christianity. This only makes the missionaries work harder to convert more people. They started to invade on the land, culture and rituals within the villages. It was not until Enoch unmasked the Egwugwu and the people in the clan went wild. The leaders tried to ambush the Christians, but it only ended up with some of them killing themselves.

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The Na'vi people start off by using there original weapons which were bows, not knowing these weapons will not help them. Then the Na'vi realize that they need more people and they need to make a new plan. They gather thousand of other avatars and then they start to use there flying animals to do sneak attacks. You see that they start to learn ways that they can destroy the sky people using themselves. They also realize that they know the land more and they use this to there advantage. In things fall apart you see that the tribes don't like the white men, but they don't really care about them. They give them land in the evil forest thinking that this would kill them, it did not. Then they start to question there religion causing mass confusion and chaos in the tribe. Then Okonkwo creates a revolt and they set fire to there church. This is the first time you see the tribe try to attack back. In the end it does not work.

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In Avatar and Things Fall Apart, we see them both struggle to match or fight the white peoples violence. In Avatar and Things Fall Apart, the people heavily relied on faith through their religions for hope. Their attacks and forms of violence changed as they realized the white men had more powerful weapons, however our idea of hope through religion stayed the same, whether they were Christian or their original cultural faith.

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In Avatar, the Na'vi people begin to fight back with arrows when the sky people tore down the tree, but the population failed to protect the tree. But when the sky people started to move in and find the mineral, the Na'vi population succeeded in moving them out by fighting back with everything they had. In Things Fall Apart Okonkwo resisted by cutting off the head messenger's head. The rest of the clan didn't really resist that much in comparison to harming a Christian Missionary.

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The long term effects for the indigenous population shown in Avatar was the loss of their home and the deaths of many Na’vi. Some consequences for the indigenous population in Things Fall Apart was that there’s also the death of some clan members alongside other clan members converting to Christianity. Colonialism kind of disrupted the balance of the clans in both Things Fall Apart and Avatar because in both stories the clans each got harmed in their own way.

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In the film them destroying the home tree as well as the ancestral cite will take many thousands of years to rebuild as well as how they killed their population in vast majorities meaning it will take a very long time to recover from the fights.

In the book more and more people will convert and eventually everyone will and they will take over everything meaning the loss of their own culture and identity for the future generations.

Colonialism will continue to shape societies by how it changed the customs of people, and their daily lives.

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A long term consequence of colonialism is unstable governments in Africa. Even after the countries pulled out, they had depleted their resources and left them with nothing. This has led to unstable governments across Africa and led to economic and political problems. The legacies of colonialism continue to impact their societies by impacting their way of life. A long term consequence of colonialism in Avatar is the damage that was done to the land. Their homes were destroyed and many people died. None of that can be rectified, so their lives will never quite be the same. They continued to shape the societies through the adaptation that the Avatars had to face to rebuild their society.

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In Avatar the native tribe and people fought for what was right and tried to salvage their homeland from the colonialists/sky people. When the sky people fought, the Navis fought in a way that the sky people had never seen. In Things Fall Apart the white man took over the land and natives by forcing religion upon them. The strategies in Things Fall Apart weren't as destructive as in Avatar. Most held their ground and even said they would go to war if the white man came too close to close to the conversion of the tribe. Others decided to convert to Christianity.

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In Avatar we see that their land is destroyed especially the tree that they lived in and where families were. This caused the Na'vi people to pick up and move to the Tree of Souls for safety. In Avatar their families and children have died and they have lost friends as well as animals that they are deeply connected to. This may cause the Na'vi to rebuild their entire land as well as clean up their forest after the wars against the sky people. In Things Fall Apart the tribe has converted to Christianity and Okonkwo ends up killing himself because he has finally given up on what to do. We see that the tribe has officially given up and the colonizers have taken over their land and with that, there will to fight back. The tribes are going to have to learn the ways of the white men and there govt.

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For me, I think that avatar is deeper than just a "white savior" film. Avatar has a lot of different components that people could connect with through experiences of their own. Alongside being something that people can connect with, I think it somewhat symbolizes how humanity is now.

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In Avatar, the long term consequences is mainly due to the forest being destroyed. The Na'vi are forced out of their homes and their spiritual connections are severed, since the tree, the main part of their forest, is destroyed. The leader of the Na'vi dies, which leaves the people without a leader and many of the animals and natives die. As for the colonists, their project was unsuccessful. They were unable to get their rock under the tree and they lose the battle and are sent back to Earth. In Things Fall Apart, there is a lot of division after the missionaries come. The people are not connected anymore, some of the leaders kill themselves and the spiritual connections between the natives and the gods are destroyed. As for the colonists, they are able to colonize in the tribe and they are able to successfully and continuously spread their religion. The legacies of colonialism continue to destroy natives' religion, traditions, culture and land. It forces people out of their home and displaces them. This is wrong and unfair to the native people.

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I agree with the author of the article that the film is deeper than a "white savior" film. This is because Jake was not the person who fully saved the tribe. Yes, he was an important leader because he knew how the sky people would attack, but the movie focuses more on him embracing the culture rather than saving it. The movie focuses more on the tribes coming together from across the planet to fight a common enemy.

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In Avatar, the long term effects for the Na'vi people included either picking everything up and finding a new home or rebuilding one in a new form or with old resources. The long term effects for the colonizers were being kicked out of Pandora and having to go back to Earth with no resources from Pandora. In Things Fall Apart, when the colonizers take over the Igbo people would never be allowed to show their religion or tradition practices again while the missionaries are there. Colonizers in the clan will gain control and try to keep it that way for a long time. This makes the Igbo people very upset, so upset to the point of Okonkwo killing himself. The loss of Okonkwo really had a big impact on the clan because he was the warrior of the clan and without him, there will no justice because everyone is too scared to speak up because they think their voice will not make a change.

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I think that this movie means something more than just a "white savior" movie. We see a sky person, Jake sully take on the body of an avatar and help them fight in the war against his own race. In the end he ends up transferring his body permanently into his avatar body. I don't think this movie an be considered a "white savior" movie because it was not just Jake Sully, but with the help of thousands of other Na'vi and there dedication to the cause they helped defeat the sky people. I also think we see the them of culture throughout this movie and we see a man want to learn the ways of others and he wants to be taught how there live there lives.

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I think Avatar has a deeper meaning than just a 'white savior film'. Although Jake is like an immigrant from the sky people, he was able to adapt to the Na'vi and learn their ways. The film did a great job in depicting what colonialism looked like and how it can affect different groups. Avatar tells a good story of the native people and their cultures/ways of life and how the colonists came and destroyed it. It is also a good representation of what native people in different colonized areas face or have faced in the past.

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We can see the long term effects of colonialism on society today. We see a loss of culture, language, and control. We also see a loss of identity and lowered self-esteem. I can imagine growing up with the white man being superior will create a lack of confidence and feeling of never being enough. Young indigenous people will also have a confused sense of self. The white men wrote books about the people they colonized, calling them nasty names. This will create a disoriented sense of self.

For the colonizers, their actions create a egotistic, selfish, power-hungry society. They feel superior, and this mindset will continue through generations. This will cause them to find power and self-worth in titles, materialistic items, and unwanted leadership through violence.

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In both the novel and the film, the colonizers start by invading with violence, but a new power joins in, in Things Fall Apart causing it to become more religiously diverse. This made people within the tribe feel comfortable enough to look at a new religion. I wouldn’t say this is a consequence, but I believe that the colonizers in Things Fall Apart made a new religion a possibility for those living under the beliefs and rule of the clan. It did impact the family attributes and how they slowly pulled families apart due to the impact of religious beliefs. The long-term consequence of the colonialists in Avatar is the destruction of their homeland and most of the nature that they cherished so much. They found their identity in the location and the memories and ancestors within their homeland.

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I think Avatar was more than just a "white savior" film because it shows how the Na'vi people were strong and stable without the sky people joining. It also shows their traditions and practices before the sky people and shows how their government ran and how rules were held and put into action.

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I agree that in the film Jake Sully is both as he saves them in a “white savior” style and demonstrates the natives and their planet fighting back as well. This means he comes in and gives them a sense of new safety and that everything will be okay because he will help them. However, he isn't exactly acting in a Westernized style because he is more immersed in the culture as the Na'vi allow for him to be adopted into the people. There is emphasis as well though that they could save themselves without him but he was a definite aid in their success

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I think for the average person of society they would not view this movie as "white savior" or deeper than a emotional, thrilling, love story.

For anyone who watched the movie with the intent to find the meaning, it shows that community is stronger than violence. That trust is a risk you take. We see this with Jake abandoning his mission and helping the Na'vi people and them trusting him with their world, people, and culture. They allowed him to help them win.

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Avatar is deeper than that. I believe that it shows the ways of our world through a different eye and viewpoint. This is shown through the main character Jake Sully, showing how much of an impact he made on the Navi people. The Navi people saw a change in Jake and how much he truly helped them and cared for them. They battled together against Jake's human race. We see how the Navis and their people and creatures were able to come together to fight against the Sky people. This showed the power they had with or without Jake. He was a very important character in the movie, but I believe that he gave them the hope to strive to keep their homeland alive with the power they already had.

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In Things Fall Apart, strength and authority is a big difference between men and women and they determine their power. Women are usually not prioritized or just have to do whatever their husband tells them to do. In some relationships in this community it is not this way and they talk to each other like one of Okonkwo's friend and his wife did. But in a lot of cases the man did not care what the woman thought because his power was all that mattered. Another example of imbalance of power would be the white men or Christians seeing the indigenous people as broken and people who need to be saved. This was the same problem in Avatar where the colonizers saw them as savages and didnt think about what system they had set up.

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In avatar, the colonizers ruin the sacred ground that the Na'vi people cherish and their good fertile land. This disrupts the connectivity of the whole ecosystem because all the trees and ground connect the place together. In Thigs Fall Apart, the christians were given the evil forest that was thought to be evil and granted you bad things. They proved that the evil forest doesnt do what they think it does and it made people in the clan question their beliefs and religion.

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I think the movie is both, of course it is political because it shows colonialism and represents things people have actually experienced and things that go on in our world. This is the reason for it being emotional because it connects with people on a deeper level provides people with sympathy and empathy especially for indigenous people who may have experienced this.

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The Na'vi people began protecting their home from the first time the humans came. They got even more hostile towards them because of the things they were doing. In TFA they thought the Christians were just silly and that they were stupid and would leave soon enough but that evolved into their people converting and giving in.

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The memories would be there to haunt the land and the people and they now have to basically start new in some places. The colonizers would have to live with the regret of ruining these people’s land and home. Colonialism makes the people being colonized realize they cant trust anyone and that they need to be prepared for anything.

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I think that it is a deeper than that movie because jake started off the movie trying to steal their land and take advantage of them. In the end he helped them but it should not be seen that he came in to rescue them and since his human body is white he is considered a savior because of his “superiority”. He is considered superior because he earned it. He decided to change into one of them and become of their people so now he stands superior because he is of good merit in the clan.

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A symbol that is used to convey the imbalance of power and oppression is technology. In both the movie and the book, the colonizers use different technology that can seem threatening or more advanced than the indigenous population. In the book, the white people have bicycles that the indigenous people call "iron horse". In the movie, the Sky People have huge guns and gunships, unlike the Na'vi, who use bows and arrows. It can represent the pain and destruction that was caused for the indigenous people.

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The colonizers in both the movie and book are essentially destroying the environment, so they can obtain what they want. They don't care about the destruction or pain that they are causing. They are directly and greatly affecting and impacting the indigenous' home and culture.

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After reading the article, I view the movies as more of emotional movies because of the way they were carried out and the major plot points and purpose of the movies. If they were meant to be political, I feel like the movies would have been carried out a different way instead of Jake, who essentially used to be a colonizer, "switching sides". I think that indigenous people do in some way see themselves relating to the film because of the overall message and takeaway of it, but I don't see it as a political film.

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In Avatar, the Na'vi fight back and start a war between the Sky People and the indigenous. They always use violence to protect themselves, but towards the end, they become more fierce and violent. In the book, the Umuofia people essentially do nothing. They do not fight, they do not resist, they basically give in. At one point, they consider fighting, but it never happens. These strategies evolve in both the book and the movie over time, as the colonizing becomes worse.

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In Avatar, the long term consequences are that the Sky People continue to return, destroying more and more of their land and Pandora each time. They forever altered the forests, animals, and religious trees that the Na'vi depend on and love. In the book, the long term consequences are that their culture is forever altered by the colonizers. Major people of recognition are killed, and a decent percentage of their population is converted to Christianity.

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I agree with the article, that the film was deeper than just being a "white savior" film. There are many more elements in the movie that give it a deeper meaning. Jake Sully is a much more dynamic character than what people realize, and they don't really dive into the overall, deep meaning of the movie.