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Staphylococcus aureus, or staph, is a common bacterium found on the skin and in the nose of about 30% of individuals. It is also found on surfaces such as towels, razors, and needles. It can survive on surfaces for hours, days and even weeks. Staph can cause mild to deadly symptoms. Doctors can usually recognize a staph infection by examining it, performing a blood test or a test of infected body fluids. It can be treated with various methods, but some types of Staphylococcus aureus are resistant to common antibiotic treatment. Let's look more in depth into this pathogen.

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Staphylococcus aureus can cause many diseases such as: 

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Staphylococcus aureus can cause many diseases such as: 

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Skin infections including abscesses, folliculitis, furuncles, impetigo and cellulitis.

Food Poisoning

Pneumonia

Bacteremia

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Endocarditis

Osteomyelitis

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The symptoms of Staphylococcus aureus depend on the type of infection and part of the body affected.

Symptoms of skin infections include:

pimples, boils, or other bumps on the skin that are red, swollen, painful, warm and full of pus.

chills and fever

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Symptoms of Endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus 

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Symptoms of Endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus 

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Symptoms include flu-like symptoms including:

Fever

Chills

Fatigue

Rapid Heartbeat

Shortness of Breath

Fluid buildup in arms and legs

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Symptoms of food poisoning caused by Staphylococcus aureus

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Symptoms of food poisoning caused by Staphylococcus aureus

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Symptoms of food poisoning caused by Staphylococcus aureus are:

Nausea

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Fever

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Symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) caused by Staphylococcus aureus

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Symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) caused by Staphylococcus aureus

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Symptoms of TSS caused by Staphylococcus aureus include:

High fever

Sudden low blood pressure

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Confusion

Sunburn-like rash

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People who have a greater risk for staph infections include people who:

inject drugs

have chronic conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and vascular diseases

are in ICU

have undergone certain types of surgeries

have medical devices inserted in their bodies, and

have weakened immune symptoms.

How is Staphylococcus aureus acquired?

Staphylococcus aureus is acquired through skin to skin contact, contaminated surfaces, shared items, coughing, sneezing, and wounds.

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Staphylococcus aureus is treated by:

antibiotics such as cefazolin, vancomycin, doxycycline, Bactrim, and clindamycin,

surgery to drain wounds, abscesses, or boils

device removal,

and hospitalization for IV antibiotics or fluid treatments.

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To prevent Staphylococcus aureus, wash your hands with soap and water or use an alcohol based hand sanitizer, clean and cover wounds, avoid sharing personal items such as towels, clothes, razors, and cosmetics, clean surfaces regularly, practice food safety, and clean immediately after spills of blood or body fluids.