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Afghani traditional cloth usually covers the entire body with a loose top and a form of head covering. The dresses are very vibrant, particularly women's dresses. Afghans celebrate their weddings or religious days by public dancing by wearing traditional dresses. They perform the Attan dance in the open air, which is considered the national dance of Afghanistan( Weinbaum & Dupree, 2024).

Weinbaum, G. M., & Dupree , L. (2024, Aug 28). Daily life and social custom: The Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/place/Afghanistan/Daily-life-and-social-customs.

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The basic ingredients of Afghan cuisine include wheat, rice, and meat, which are the main crops grown in the country. The cuisine of Afghanistan is Halal. Some of the popular Afghan dishes, from left to right: 1. Lamb grilled kebab (seekh Kabab); 2. Palao and salad; 3. Tandaroori chicken ; and 4. Mantu (dumplings). Nearly all Afghan dishes are non-spicy (Culture of Afghanistan, 2024). The cooking specialties reflect the Afghan nation's ethnic and geographic diversity. Public gatherings are done during religious feasts and wedding days in their culture, and food is a major part of their hospitality.

Culture of Afghanistan. (2024, August 18). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Afghanistan.

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Afghanistan's official religion is Islam, and the majority of the population is Muslim. Belief in the religion can be seen in language, dress, dietary restrictions, and regular prayers. In Afghanistan, Ramadan is a significant month-long celebration that most Afghans look forward it. During this festival, they fast from sunrise to sunset throughout this holy month, and they are usually only allowed to work six hours a day. Eating, drinking (even water), smoking cigarettes, and chewing gum are all prohibited during a fast. Muslims must also refrain from immoral behavior, negative thinking, and sexual relations.

https://www.commisceo-global.com/resources/country-guides/afghanistan-guide

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For me, the most relevant aspect of domain 1, Competency Standard 2.1 is that I should provide proper communication to the refugee people while providing care and if they have difficulty in understanding I should provide them an interpreter so that their care is not compromised. I have improved my understanding of the importance of proper communication regarding their treatment while working with people from different backgrounds. I understood this can be done by assessing the level of understanding of language and if there is a language issue I need to provide an interpreter so that they can fully understand the treatment without any barriers. Having learned I now feel I can provide safe and culturally appropriate care to them by providing all the information about the treatment and making them able to make their own decision through a clear understanding of the information. This knowledge is essential in my workplace because I can now care for people from different backgrounds and religions respecting their culture and ethnicity.

Competency Standards Framework for Clinicians (2019).Culturally responsive clinical Practice: working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds.

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Licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), also locally known as "Mishiri" is one well-known practice that has a prominent role in traditional Afghan medicine. This herb has medicinal properties and is used in treating respiratory conditions such as cough, cold, and bronchitis. In Afghan culture, it is believed that it helps reduce symptoms related to respiratory conditions and has a soothing effect on the throat. In addition, Licorice root is also used to treat digestive issues like heartburn, indigestion, and ulcers. (Wahab et al., 2021).In Afghan households, Licorice root is often prepared into tea or other herbal treatments to maximize its medical benefits.

Wahab, S., Annadurai, S., Abullais, S. S., Das, G., Ahmad, W., Ahmad, M. F., Kandasamy, G., Vasudevan, R., Ali, M. S., & Amir, M. (2021). Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. Plants, 10(12), 2751. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10122751

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Principal Health Issues That Afghani Refugees Face 

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Principal Health Issues That Afghani Refugees Face 

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Afghani is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. Since 2013, more than 23,000 Afghani have come to Australia requiring humanitarian support (Refugee Council of Australia, 2023). One common health issue that refugees from Afghanistan may likely present is Low Vitamin D. Vitamin D is important for bone and muscle health as it enhances the absorption of calcium. The main risk factor for low vitamin D is Lack of skin exposure to sunlight. Low vitamin D causes bone and muscle weakness, fatigue, and impaired immune function, resulting in an increased risk for infection.

One treatment for this health issue is taking a daily dose of Vit D tablets.

-For Adults- doses from 1,000-2,000 IU for mild to moderate deficiency.

-For children- doses from 400-600 IU perday.

1.Refugee Council Australia (2023). Australia's treatment of Afghani refugee.

https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au/australias-treatment-of-afghan-refugees-how-their-date-and-mode-of-arrival-matters-more-than-their-persecution/

2. Australian refugee health practise guide. Primary care for people from refugee background.

https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/

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I am going to talk about unemployment and job insecurity, one of the social determinants that refugee people face after arriving in Australia (World Health Organization, 2024). when Afghnai people arrive in Australia, they might face challenges finding a job according to their qualifications due to the language barrier and lack of qualifications recognition in Australia. This unemployment leads to financial difficulties and increases stress. This results in mental and Physical health issues like depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular problems.

1.World health organization (2024). Social determinants of health.

https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1.

2.Australian refugee health practice guide (2024). Primary care for people from Refugee background: Mental health.

https://regfugeehealthguide.org.au/mental-health/