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US troops help depose Zelaya.

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US establishes military bases.

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Guerrillas led by Augusto Cesar Sandino campaign against US military presence.

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Sandino killed on the orders of the National Guard commander, General Anastasio Somoza Garcia.

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General Somoza elected president, heralding the start of a 44-year-long dictatorship by his family.

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General Somoza assassinated, but is succeeded as president by his son, Luis Somoza Debayle.

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Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) founded.

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Luis Somoza dies and is succeeded as president by his brother, Anastasio Somoza.

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Managua is devastated by an earthquake that kills between 5,000 and 10,000 people.

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Assassination of the leader of the opposition Democratic Liberation Union, Pedro Joaquin Chamorro, triggers general strike and brings together moderates and the FSLN in a united front to oust Somoza.

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FSLN military offensive ends with the ouster of Somoza.

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Somoza assassinated in Paraguay.
FSLN government led by Daniel Ortega nationalises land held by the Somoza family and turns it into cooperatives.

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US-sponsored attacks by Contra rebels based in Honduras begin; state of emergency declared.

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Daniel Ortega elected president; US mines Nicaraguan harbours and is condemned by the World Court for doing so.

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Nicaraguan leadership signs peace agreement and subsequently holds talks with Contras.

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US-backed centre-right National Opposition Union defeats FSLN in elections; Violeta Chamorro becomes president.

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Arnoldo Aleman elected president.