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Calvinism, a Protestant system created by the one and only John Calvin. It is prominent for the idea of predestination and God's grace. Calvinists and Puritans had similar beliefs. Some of them would be predestination, total depravity, and grace. Calvinists believed in witches and that added to the issue of people being terrified of them. Also, witchcraft was related to the devil and people did not want relations with that.

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McCarthyism is where people make false claims about others that relate to communism. In the 1950s the leaders of America would tell people that communists could be lurking anywhere. They could be from teachers to journalists or even public figures. There was a man named McCarthy who was a government leader who went on a hysteria of declaring people to be communists. Why was this bad? It would ruin people's lives because after being called communists they would be shunned and hurt by people for being communists.

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The city on a Hill is the puritan ideal about how the Massachusetts bay colony would shine like a "city on the hill." This was related the a passage in a bible that mentioned that the city on a hill would shine on all people. This related to the idea that if they do no sin or evil deeds the city will shine with holy light. But if they do evil, the city will be of evil and sin. The city is considered to be a representation of a perfect holy city.

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This is a depiction of the puritan people. They were some of the first settlers of America who still have relevance today. Many aspects of society today have relations to the puritans. They were a group of people who lived as simple as possible. Their churches usually were barren with just benches and a preaching stand, nothing else. They believed that everyone would be dammed to hell no matter what unless they are a chosen.

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The Salem Witch Trials were a very dark period during the colonial period. There were hundreds of people were murdered through accusations of them being witches. There was a group of women who would claim to be able to see the specters of the witches. These women would accuse people of witchcraft and would mimic their movements in court. They caused the deaths of hundreds all on their own until people suspected them of witchcraft because they would go after the rich and high class people.